Immunohematology basics

[object Object],[object Object],IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

Application in .... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

Agglutination / Hemolysis Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

Complete Antibodies Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam antibody + RBC w/ antigen

Incomplete Antibodies Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam + RBC w/ antigen antibodies

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

ABO BLOOD GROUP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

ABO BLOOD GROUP Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam Anti-A Anti-B Anti-A,B none O Blood Group RBC Ag A A B B AB A & B O none

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ABO BLOOD GROUP… Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

ABO BLOOD GROUP… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

ABO BLOOD GROUP… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

H Antigen ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

ABO BLOOD GROUPS Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam Serum Ab RBC Ag Blood Group Anti-B A A Anti-A B B none A & B AB Anti-A Anti-B Anti-A,B none O

Blood being tested Typing Serum Type AB (contains agglutinogen A and B ) Type B (contains agglutinogen B) Type A (contains agglutinogen A) Type O (contains no agglutinogen) Anti – A Anti – B red cells Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

ABO BLOOD GROUP… Testing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

ABO BLOOD GROUP… Testing ,[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

Rh BLOOD GROUP … ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

Rh Groups: Fisher-Race Anti-e Anti-C Anti-D e C D 5 major antigens: D, C, E, c and e Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam genes linked closely- e C D Ab Ag Chromosome

Rh Groups: Weiner Rh 1 hr” Anti- hr’ hr’ Anti-rh” rh” Anti-rh’ rh’ Anti-Rho Rho Anti- hr” 5 major antigens: Rh o , rh’, rh”, hr’, hr” Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam Ab Ag CHROMOSOME R 1 single gene

Rh BLOOD GROUP… Testing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],* Rh-positive simply means “D positive” Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

Other blood group systems: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

Importance of other blood groups: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

COMMON TESTS USED IN IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

I . ANTIGLOBULIN (COOMB’S) TEST ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

I. ANTIGLOBULIN (COOMB’S) TEST ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],I . ANTIGLOBULIN (COOMB’S) TEST Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

ANTIGLOBULIN TESTING Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam DIRECT ANTIGLOBULIN TEST (DAT) Patient’s red cells INDIRECT ANTIGLOBULIN TEST (IAT) Patient’s serum Detects in vivo antibody coating (sensitization) of red cells Detects in vitro red cell sensitization if red cells contain antigen corresponding to serum antibody ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

II.RBC typing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

III.CROSSMATCHING ,[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

III.CROSSMATCHING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

IV. ANTIBODY SCREEN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

V. PRE-TRANSFUSION / COMPATIBILITY TESTING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE NEWBORN (HDN) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE NEWBORN (HDN) ,[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

HDN DUE TO RH INCOMPATIBILITY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam Rh(-) RBC Rh(+) RBC

Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam Antibody

anemia hemoglobin degradation extramedullary hematopoiesis hydrops hypoxic injury to liver & heart  bilirubin jaundice kernicterus hepato- splenomegaly HEMOLYSIS Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

Kernicterus Hydrops Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

HDN DUE TO RH INCOMPATIBILITY ,[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

ABO Hemolytic disease ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

COMPLICATIONS OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

[object Object],[object Object],Deepa Babin @TMC Kollam

Immunohematology basics

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Immunohematology basics