Umar Al-Khattab was an independent merchant from Mecca who opposed Islam initially but converted after hearing the Quran. As a young man, he herded goats and traded goods between Mecca and Syria. After converting, he boldly migrated to Medina when others went secretly at night out of fear. As Caliph, he established a Shura Council and divided the expanding Islamic territories into provinces with officers, reformed taxes and improved slaves' status. He was known for being independent, vigorous, loving, brave, smart and responsible.

1. FAMOUS
PERSONALITIES
SAIDINA UMAR AL-KHATTAB

2. BIODATA
NAME : Umar Al-Khattab
BIRTH DATE : 579 Masihi (45 before Hijrah)
BIRTH PLACE : Makkah
POSITION : Khulafa’ Ar-Rasyidin (after Abu Bakr)
TITLE : Al-Farooq (separation between right and wrong)
Amirul Mu’minin
DEATH DATE : 6 November 644 Masihi

3. EARLY LIFE
During his childhood he was herding goats and at the time
he was an adult he was a merchant trading goods by going
back and forth between Mecca and Syam.
He was also a good fighter and a brave hero and famous for
its vigor.

4. Umar Al-Khattab was considered as an independent person. He
was herding goats at a young age and dealing with trade on his
own by going back and forth between Mecca and Syam to bring
merchandise.
He was also known to love to learn something new vigorously
until he learned it well. Due to that he became famous for its
vigor.

5. CONVERSION TO ISLAM
During Muhammad Islam began to spread outright, Umar defended the
tradition of the Quraysh. Umar was among those most strongly
opposed to Islam at the time. Umar found his sister and brother-in-law
reciting the verses of the Quran.
Umar slapped his sister so hard that she fell to the ground bleeding
from her mouth. When he saw what he did to his sister, he calmed
down out of guilt and asked his sister to give him what she was reciting.
Umar bin Al-Khattab was attracted to Islam after listening to his sister
reading the verses of the Quran (Surah Taha).

6. Saidina Umar is a loving person. He still loves his sister when
he calmed down out of guilt after slapping his sister for reciting
the verses of the Quran.

7. MIGRATION TO MEDINA
In 622 CE, due to the safety offered by Yathrib (later
renamed Medina), Muhammad ordered his followers to migrate
to Medina. Most Muslims migrated at night fearing resistance
from Quraish at their migration, but Umar is reported to have
left openly during the day saying:
"Any one who wants to make his wife a widow and his children
orphans should come and meet me there behind that cliff."

8. Umar Al-Khattab was also a brave man. He left openly during
the day to Yathrib while most Muslims migrated at night
fearing resistance from Quraish.

9. UMAR AL-KHATTAB GOVERNMENT
oFormed the Shura Council.
o Divided Islamic Territories.
-divided the expanded government into provinces and put some
officers to run the administration
oReformed in the economic field.
-rates and the tax system were changed
oRenewed the social status of slaves.
-slaves were no longer humiliated and oppressed

10. He became the next caliph after Abu Bakr death. He was a
smart and responsible person to govern the country. The
government of Umar was more or less a unitary
government, where the sovereign political authority was the
caliph.
The empire of Umar was divided into provinces and the
provinces were administered by the provincial governors

11. UMAR AL-KHATTAB PERSONALITIES
oindependent
o vigorous
o loving
o brave
o smart
o responsible