Presentation on Ubiqutous Computing. Describes basic aspects of this computing. How it can be deployed in our day-to-day life. applications and advantages.

1. PREPARED BY:
SAKSHI MONGIA
2808037
CSE – 4TH YR.

2.  INTRODUCTION TO UC
 HISTORY OF UC
 PRINCIPLE OF UC
 MARK WEISER’s THREE KEY DEVICES
 GOALS OF UC
 UC Vs VR
 TECHNOLOGIES WITH SAME PERSPECTIVE
 GENERIC FEATURES
 DESIGN PRINCIPLES
 PROBLEMS IN UCS
 UbiCompGC
 APPLICATIONS OF UC
 FUTURE OF UC
 UbiComp PROJECTS

3.  Ubiquitous computing is the method of
enhancing computer use by making many
computers available throughout the physical
environment, but making them effectively
invisible to the user.
-MARK WEISER
 Ubiquitous computing, or calm technology, is
a paradigm shift where technology becomes
virtually invisible in our lives.
-MARCIA RILEY

4.  Researchers at the computer lab of XEROX’s
PARC(Palo Alto Research Center) first
articulated the idea of UBIQUITOUS
COMPUTING in 1988.
 They called UC “…highest ideal is to make a
computer so embedded, so fitting, so natural,
that we use it without even thinking about it.”

5. “The most profound
technologies are
those that
dissappear. They
weave themselves
into the fabric of
everyday life until
they are
indistinguishable
from it.”

6.  XEROX PAD - Pads were small, tablet sized laptop
computers, similar to today’s Tablet PC’s. One of XEROX
PARC’s pad devices was labeled the MPad. It was designed to
provide the freedom of a portable, wireless tablet computer while
still maintaining the power of a workstation.
 XEROX TAB - Tabs were small handheld computing devices,
similar to today’s palmtop computers. XEROX PARC envisioned
Tabs as the entry way for data in the ubiquitous computing era;
useful enough to be used by everyone and small enough to be
everywhere.
 XEROX LIVEBOARD - Liveboards represented the “yard-size”
information bearers in the family of cooperating devices for
cooperating people. Liveboards supported multi-user input.

7.  Ultimate goal:
 Invisible technology.
 Integration of virtual and physical worlds.
 Wireless technology.
 Smart enough to sense and react to the situation.

8. Ubiquitous Computing is entirely different
from Virtual Reality.
Ubiquitous Computing
 filling the real world with computers
 Virtual and Augmented Reality
 making the real world in a computer!

9.  PERVASIVE COMPUTING: refer a to the use of
computers in everyday life including PDAs,
Smartphone and other mobile devices.
 CALM TECHNOLOGY: technology that
remains in the background until needed & thus
enables a person to interact with it in a calm,
engaged manner.
 AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE: it refers to
electronic environments that are sensitive &
responsive to the presence of people.

10. Transparent
Interfaces
Awareness of
Context(s)
Capture Experience

11.  hide their presence from user.
 Provide interaction between user and
application.
Need:
- flexible interfaces
- Varied interfaces that can provide similar
functionality
 Example:
 Gesture recognition, speech recognition, free
form pen interaction, computational
perception etc.

12. o Information about the environment with which
the application is associated.
o EXAMPLE:
• user’s state and surroundings (LOCATION &
TIME).
o Context aware application:
- is one which can capture the context
- assign meaning to it
- change behavior accordingly

13.  To capture our day-to-day experience and make it
available for future use.
 Constraints:
- Multiple streams of information
- Their time synchronization
- Their correlation and integration
 Need:
Automated tools that support capture, integration and
future access of info.

14. Ubiquitous systems contain the principle of
distributed system and mobile computing system.
 Remote Communication
 Distributed Security
 Mobile Networking
 Location Sensitivity
 Effective use of Smart Space
 Invisibility
 Localised Scalability
 Privacy & Security

15.  Context Awareness
 Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
 Trust, Privacy & Security
 Seamless Communication
 Low Powered Devices
 Self Configuration
 Information Overload
 Social Issues

16. UbiCompGC:
 Experience (User) View
 Design (Engineering) View
 Science (Theory) View

17. To develop ubiquitous computing
methods and techniques that are sensitive
both to the needs of individuals and
society, and the impact upon them.
These will support the realization of
human experiences.
These will include new forms of
interaction and new interaction paradigms
that make ubiquitous computing usable by
all.

18. To define engineering design principles that:
 that pertain to all aspects of ubiquitous
computing;
 are agreed among both academic and
professional engineers;
 are instantiated in the design and rigorous
documentation of several computational
systems with a successful operational
history.

19.  To develop a coherent informatics science
whose concepts, calculi, models, theories and
tools allow descriptive, explanatory and
predictive analysis of ubiquitous computing
at many levels of abstraction;
 To employ these theories to derive all its
systems and software, including languages;
 To analyze and justify all its constructions by
these theories and tools.

20.  Conductive textiles and inks
 print electrically active
patterns directly onto
fabrics.
 Sensors based fabric
 e.g., monitor pulse, blood
pressure, body
temperature.
 Invisible collar microphones.
 Kidswear
 game console on the
sleeve.
 integrated GPS-driven
locators.
 integrated small cameras.

21. flexible, bendable, digital paper Display

22. smart jewellery : emotional user interfaces,
affective computing

23.  A mat at the entrance of
home, provides a vital
connection between inside
and outside the house.
 By sensing the body
weight and footprint of the
user, the smart mat
immediately recognizes
which user is stepping on
the mat.

24. specially for foreign languages and vocabulary

25.  As the era of personal computers comes to a close and the
era of ubiquitous computing emerges, technologically
advanced countries will enter a brave new world. A world
where computers are everywhere, but rarely seen.
Computing machinery will be embedded to devices hidden
from view, while other computing devices will seem so
natural we will use them without believing they are
computers.
 The advances that will be made will create a new life style
for human beings. It will be a lifestyle where computers aid
and assist us in our daily lives. Even doing the most
mundane activity, such as looking up a telephone number,
may be accessed as easily as speaking a person’s name.
Sensors embedded in the environment around us will make
like simpler.

26.  Ambient Devices
 EU IST Disappearing Computer
 Project Aura, CMU  user attention
 UNC “office of real soon now”
augmented surfaces [Reki99]
 Microsoft Easy Living
Oxygen, MIT
 Portolano, Univ. of Washington
 Endeavour, Berkeley
CoolTown, HP Labs