Culture and Disasters
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Culture and Disasters
- 1. Disaster Risk Reduction Does Culture Determine Perception? David Alexander Global Risk Forum - Davos
- 2. Culture:the customs, ideas and social behaviour of a particular people or group (OED)
- 3. Culture is often the missing element in the social analysis of disasters
- 4. Images of reality Symbolic constructions Diffusion of information Emergency not decoded Ignorance Cultural filter Information flux Perceptual filter Enlightenment Emergency decoded
- 5. Sociocentrism Technocentrism Technology as risk mitigation individual family peer group organisation community society international Research, development and investment in technology Cultural filter Technology as a source of vulnerability
- 6. Technology as a source of risk reduction Technology as an inadvertent source of risk Technology as a deliberate source of risk decision perception Risk management practices Cultural filter Ceaseless development of technology Benign Malignant
- 7. Long term Emic components Short term Etic components Ideological (non-scientific) interpretations of disaster Learned (scientific) interpretations of disaster METAMORPHOSISOF CULTURE Experiences of culture [mass-media and consumer culture] Accumulated cultural traits and beliefs Inherited cultural background
- 8. National culture Family culture Regional culture Peer group culture Value system Personal culture Civil Protection culture Consumer culture Work culture
- 9. Risk perception factors - + positive negative Total vulnerability Risk amplification factors Risk mitigation factors DIALECTIC
- 10. Risk Perception Filter Culture Accurate Inaccurate Decision Action Result Positive Negative
- 11. Knowledge of community vulerability Knowledge of hazards and their impacts DRR Knowledge of coping capacity and resilience Disaster Risk Reduction
- 12. Technology organisations safety culture Ethnology societies community culture Communication mass media multicultural societies Psychology ethnic groups individual culture
- 13. Culture of resilience Resilient culture
- 14. Portent Retribution Judgement DISASTER ACCEPTANCE MEANING Retrospective interpretation Predictive interpretation Traditional view of disaster - modern parallels?
- 15. Haas, Kates and Bowden 1977 Reconstruction Following Disaster Norberg-Schulz 1980
- 16. Haas et al. 1977 Lisbon: monumental reconstruction and regeneration of the genius loci of a place.
- 17. Preservation of the genius loci of Lioni (Avellino) after the 1980 southern Italy earthquake
- 18. Does this place still have a genius loci?
- 20. no resettlement for 30 years
- 21. plans for gradual recolonisation
- 22. process entirely driven by funding
- 23. funding sources obscure, scarce and stop-start.
- 24. Further reading: www.emergency-planning.blogspot.com
- 25. culture technology and technocentrism symbolic significance disaster Further reading
- 26. Thank you for your attention! david.alexander@grforum.org www.slideshare.net/dealexander emergency-planning.blogspot.com