Climate change requires manufacturing companies to change the way they do business, by re-thinking products and services. Resource efficiency will be a key to success, but an increased cooperation among different business functions is fundamental. Internet of things will be an important enabler and will help companies undergo such challenging transformation. The presentation illustrates some key points and the links with energy efficiency and energy management.

1. Energy efficiency in the
era of IoT and the fourth
industrial revolution
Dario Di Santo, FIRE
Ponti 2018, Bolzano

2. X
www.fire-italia.org
The Italian Federation for the Rational use
of Energy is a no-profit association founded
in 1987 that promotes energy efficiency,
supporting energy manager, ESCOs and other
companies dealing with energy.
Besides the activities directed to its members,
FIRE operates under an implementing
agreement with the Ministry of Economic
Development to manage the Italian energy
manager network since 1992.
In order to promote energy efficiency FIRE
cooperates and deals with public authorities,
energy technology and service companies,
consultants, medium and large consumers,
universities and associations to promote best
practices and improve the legislation.
FIRE manages SECEM - an accredited body - to
certify the Energy management experts
according to the standard UNI CEI 11339.
FIRE: the association for energy efficiency

3. X
FIRE: the association for energy efficiency
Some members of FIRE:
A2A S.p.A., ABBVIE s.r.l., ACTV S.p.A., Aeroporto Valerio Catullo S.p.A., Agenzia per l'Energia
e lo Sviluppo Sostenibile, AICE scarl, Alpiq Intec S.p.A., AMIA S.p.A., AMIAT S.p.A., Ascopiave
S.p.A., Atlas Copco S.p.A., Avvenia s.r.l., Axpo Italia S.p.A., Azienda provinciale per i servizi
sanitari TN, Banca Mediolanum S.p.A., Banca Popolare di Sondrio, Beghelli S.p.A., Berco
S.p.A., Bit Energia s.r.l., Bosch Energy and Building Solutions Italy s.r.l., Brembo S.p.A., Cabot
Italiana S.p.A., Carbotermo S.p.A., Carraro S.p.A., Carrefour Italia S.p.A., Centria s.r.l., Comau
S.p.A., Compagnia Generale Trattori S.p.A., Consul System S.p.A., CPL Concordia soc. coop.,
Credito Emiliano S.p.A., CTI Energia e Ambiente, DBA Progetti S.p.A., DNV GL Business
Assurance Italia s.r.l., Edilvì S.p.A., Edison Energy Solutions S.p.A., Egidio Galbani s.r.l.,
Electrade S.p.A., Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.p.A., Elettrostudio Energia S.p.A., Enarkè
associati, Enel Energia S.p.A., Energika s.r.l., Energon Esco s.r.l., Energy Saving s.r.l., Energy
Team S.p.A., Engie Servizi S.p.A., ENI S.p.A., Estra Clima s.r.l., Fedabo S.p.A., Fenice S.p.A.,
Ferrari S.p.A., Ferrero Industriale Italia s.r.l., Ferriere Nord S.p.A., Fiera Milano S.p.A., Fincibec
S.p.A., Finco, Finstral AG S.p.A., FIPER, Fondazione Policlinico Università A. Gemelli, Gewiss
S.p.A., Gruppo Società Gas Rimini S.p.A., Hera S.p.A., Hitachi Drives and Automation s.r.l.,
Holcim S.p.A., IDM Südtirol, Ilsa S.p.A., Industrie Cotto Possagno S.p.A., Intesa Sanpaolo
S.p.A., Iplom S.p.A., IRBM Science Park S.p.A., IREN S.p.A., ISAB s.r.l., Italcementi S.p.A.,
Italgas Reti S.p.A., Italgraniti Group S.p.A., Kairos s.r.l., Lidl Italia s.r.l., Loclain s.r.l.,
Manutencoop Facility Management S.p.A., Marche Multiservizi S.p.A., Mater-Biopolymer s.r.l.,
Mediamarket S.p.A., MM S.p.A., Montello S.p.A., NBI S.p.A., Pasta Zara S.p.A., Politecnico di
Torino - Dip. di Energetica, Polynt S.p.A., Publiacqua S.p.A., Raffineria di Milazzo S.C. p. A.,
RAI - Radiotelevisione Italiana S.p.A., Restiani S.p.A., Rete Ferroviaria Italiana S.p.A.,
Roquette Italia S.p.A., Samandel S.p.A., San Marco Bioenergie S.p.A., Sandoz Industrial
Products S.p.A., Schneider Electric S.p.A., SDA Express Courier S.p.A., Seaside s.r.l., Siena
Ambiente S.p.A., Siram S.p.A., Solvay Energy Services s.r.l., Studio Botta, Tecno s.r.l., Thales
Alenia Space Italia S.p.A., Tholos s.r.l., Trenitalia S.p.A., Trenord s.r.l., Trentino Trasporti
S.p.A., Turboden s.r.l., Università di Genova - DITEN, Università Campus Biomedico,
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Wind Tre S.p.A., Yanmar R&D Europe s.r.l., Yousave
S.p.A.
Our members represent both the supply and the
demand side of energy efficiency services and solutions.
Around 400 members, almost
equally divided between
organisations and professional.

4. X
4
FIRE: the association for energy efficiency
Besides being involved in many European
projects, listed next, FIRE implement surveys
and market studies on energy related topics,
information and dissemination campaigns,
and advanced training.
Some of FIRE clients over the years: Ministry
of Environment, ENEA, GSE, RSE, large
organizations (such as Centria, ENEL, Ferrovie
dello Stato, FIAT, Finmeccanica, Galbani, H3G,
Poste Italiane, Telecom Italia, Unioncamere),
universities, associations, energy agencies
and exhibition organizers.
www.fire-italia.org
On-going and just completed EU projects:

5. X
www.secem.eu
SECEM
SECEM, European System for Certification in
Energy Management, is a certification body
created by the FIRE.
SECEM was the first body to offer third-party
certification for Energy Management Experts
(EMEs) according to UNI CEI 11339 and is
accredited according to the ISO/IEC 17024
standard.
In Italy two standards were developed in order
to promote the qualification of energy efficiency
operators: UNI CEI 11339 for EMEs was issued in
2009, UNI CEI 11352 for ESCOs was published
in 2010. A new standard for energy auditor is
presently under preparation.
Both the mentioned standards are recognized
from the national legislation within the energy
audit obligations for large companies
introduced by the EED directive and the white
certificate scheme.

6. Paris climate agreement 2015
6
Energy efficiency is the
main pillar of the
action required to save
us and our planet.
It is not just an issue of
policies, but also the
need of a different
approach towards the
use of energy.

7. Re-think business
7
KEY RESOURCES
Which resources are
necessary (financial,
physical, human,
patents, etc.)?
Are resources
sustainable (reduced
use, limited impact,
attention to social
issues, etc.)?
KEY ACTIVITIES
What basic activities
are necessary
(manufacturing,
software, distribution,
maintenance, etc.)?
Resource efficiency?
VALUE PROPOSITION
What problems/
desires of our
customers are we
answering?
What are the needs of
our customers that we
are fulfilling?
What are the key
features of our
products and services
that respond to the
problems and needs of
our customers?
How can we make our
product/service more
sustainable?
CHANNELS
How do our customers
want to be reached?
Do the distribution
and communication
channels have a low
impact?
CUSTOMER SEGMENTS
Who are our most
important customers?
What are their primary
models?
What do they want us
to do for them?
What are the needs of
customers related to
resource efficiency
and sustainability?
KEY PARTNERS
Who are our key
partners and
suppliers?
What do we get and
give them?
What is their
commitment to
sustainability?
CUSTOMER
RELATIONSHIPS
How can we reach,
keep and grow our
customers?
How can we cultivate
sustainability values
with our customers?
COST STRUCTURE
What are the costs associated with our business model? Are
these costs fixed or variable?
What is the impact of sustainability on reducing costs and
risks?
REVENUE STREAMS
How are revenues generated? What are the positive
economic flows connected to our business? Which are the
variables that influence revenues and which the price
strategies?
How to make greater margins through sustainability?
Model created by Dario Di Santo (FIRE), based on Osterwalder’s Business Model Generation.
Source: FIRE

8. Get ready for the change!
8
Some elements to
focus on
The electric
system is
rapidly
changing
(prosumers,
storage,
demand
response)
The 4th
industrial
revolution and
a new mobility
will impact the
market
The rational
use of
resources will
become a driver
for process
transformation
New low impact
product and
services will be
required by
market
New supply
chains, circular
economy, new
district services
will be
developed

9. We need vision
Fonte: “Unlocking Industrial Resource Productivity: 5 core beliefs to increase profits through energy, material, and water
efficiency”, Hammer e Somers, McKinsey & Company.
9

10. And we need a new energy management
10
We need new
sustainable business
models to create
wealth and improve
our lives.
Energy efficiency
No priority
Strategic
element
Energy is
integrated with
core business
Behavioural
change
Energy audits
and monitoring
Knowledge
Energy efficiency
is not known
Awareness
ISO 50001
LEAN
manufacturing
Attitude
Resource
efficiency on the
whole value chain
Olistic
approach
Re-think products and services to use less resources both for
their production, their use and their disposal.
Source: FIRE.

11. The role of IoT
11
Are you kidding me?
How can I do all that?
Well, I’ll
be the perfect
solution… but I’m
engaged with my new
movie, so you can
try IoT
And no, it’s not
in my bag… ask
someone else

12. Surce: i-scoop - essential IoT business guide.
The role of IoT
12

13. Ai and deep learning
13
Few would have thought that GPUs
developed for games has become the
core of deep learning, capable of
exploiting neural networks concepts.
A lot of opportunities arise from AI and
deep learning activities.
Nvidia starts developing AI GPUs

14. Some suggestions
14
Start using IoT to improve what you do
Results will come after an adequate IoT
adoption threshold is reached
It is important to change behaviours and
mentality, not just installing equipment
We are just at the beginning of a
revolution: new skills are required
Be careful: more IoT means more risk of
ICT attacks

15. The role of energy efficiency
15
Understanding
multiple benefits of
energy efficiency can
help to drive the
change required
Source of the figure: IEA, Capturing the multiple benefits of energy efficiency.

16. Expand the horizon beyond energy
16
Three reasons to
evaluate non
energy effects
Economic value: NPV and IRR of projects
improve, since cash flows consider both energy
savings and other elements.
De-risking: Evaluation of negative effects allows
to better understand – and thus address – risks
related to the energy project. That both reduces
the perceived risk associated with energy
efficiency (one of the main barrier to
investments) and facilitate third party financing.
Proposal value: It becomes possible to propose
energy efficiency projects by highlighting and
exploiting benefits other than energy, thus
addressing the core interest of other company’s
business functions.

17. Impact on risks, costs, value proposition
17
M-Benefits is an EU project aimed
at developing tools to support
enterprises to quantify NEBs.

18. Leaders need sustainability and IoT
18
And you have
to trust that the
dots will somehow
connect in your
future…
Source of figures and data: Apple.
Consumer support.

19. Re-design products
Source of figures and data: Dyson.
19
Focus on what products
do, and try to think how
to improve it, using less
resources, and how to
use IoT to deliver a
better experience or to
improve know-how.

20. Re-think packaging and logistic
20
There are numerous
opportunities to improve
the supply chain and the
distribution of its
products in a circular
economy perspective and
by using IoT.
Not just robots, but re-think process, Amazon
Tracking cold chain products
temperatures, Cargo Data
Low environmental impact
From 55.5 g to 7 g per package
From 33% to 70% of recycled paper
From 150 to 800 packages/pallet
Automatic tracking and location of assets, Alstom
Improved packaging, Vimar
Recycling of production
waste, Pedon

21. Re-design the manufacturing process
Source of figures and data: FCA.
21
The re-design of the manufacturing process
can produce big results through:
optimised layouts (do more in less space,
using less resources);
energy efficient machinery (it is important
to look at every phase, including stand-by);
monitoring and automation (big data e
modern ICT systems allow for flexibility,
quality, productivity, and resources
management;
industry 4.0 solutions.

22. Don’t forget the supply chain
22
Most of the
possibile
improvements are
there.

23. FIRE conferences and training courses
23
Conferences
Enermanagement Edifici
Bologna, 23 ottobre 2018
Enermanagement Trasporti
Bologna, 24 ottobre 2018
Enermanagement Industria
Milano, 29 novembre 2018
Certificati bianchi, Roma, 2019
Convention SECEM,
Rimini, 2019
Conferenza ISO 50001,
Padova, 2019
Conferenza EPC,
Bologna, 2019
www.fire-italia.org/eventi
Training courses:
energy manager e EGE (on-site and on-line);
IPMVP-CMVP;
intensive training (energy market, RES, CHP,
EnMS, LCA, solutions for buildings and
industry, etc.).

24. What can we do together?
FIRE can be a partner for many activities:
carrying out surveys among energy managers, ESCO,
EGE, companies with ISO 50001, etc .;
implementation of market and sectoral studies;
guides and analysis on incentive tools and policies;
information campaigns and behavioral change;
dissemination campaigns;
energy audits and feasibility studies;
training courses on energy management and its tools
(ISO 50001, energy audits, EPC, IPMVP, LCCA,
feasibility studies, etc.), policies and incentives,
solutions for energy efficiency, cogeneration, etc;
European projects (e.g. Horizon2020), international
cooperation, and much more…
Get in touch!
24
segreteria@fire-italia.org

25. Disclaimer
25
Lego and Apple are registered trademarks. We yellow-
faced puppets were fished on Google, where we fill out
research without apparent copyright in use. We do not
necessarily think as the author of this presentation (poor
Shakespeare, bent on wicked ideas…). In fact, we do not
even think, but let you enjoy with us how much you
want… We are even better than energy efficiency!

26. Thank you!
www.facebook.com/FIREenergy.manager
www.linkedin.com/company/fire-federazione-
italiana-per-l'uso-razionale-dell'energia
www.twitter.com/FIRE_ita
!
www.dariodisanto.com