Astricon - Realities of Global Infrastructure in the Cloud

Global Infrastructure in the Cloud

Cory von Wallenstein
Chief Technology Officer, Dyn Inc.
@cvonwallenstein
@cvonwallenstein from @DynInc

“Wired people should know something about wires”
- Neal Stephenson, quoted in Andrew Blum’s TED Talk What is the Internet, Really?

http://www.flickr.com/photos/notaperfectpilot/8119088205/

http://www.ted.com/talks/andrew_blum_what_is_the_internet_really.html

Going Global in the Cloud

• Never been easier
• Never been more affordable
• Why should or shouldn’t you?
• If so, how?


A Word on Costs and Value

• Unlikely to save you raw dollars
• Likely to spend the same or more
• But here’s what you gain:
– Flexibility (can’t really screw this up)
– Performance (many caveats here)
– Reliability (if you do it right)
– Efficiency (if your team embraces it)
• Are those worthwhile to you?

Why go from 1 to N?


Reason 1: Disaster Recovery

http://maps.google.com


Speed of light
299,792.458 km/second

Theoretical RTT
~40ms

Real RTT
~90ms
http://www.cogentco.com/files/images/network/network_map/networkmap_global_large.png

• Things don’t work as well at 90ms RTT latency
as they do at 9ms RTT latency
• Where can you go to get out of the way of a
disaster but not create latency headaches?

http://www.globaldatavault.com/natural-disaster-threat-maps.htm

“A frying squirrel took
out half of our Santa
Clara data center two
years back,”
- Mike Christian, Yahoo

http://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2012/07/09/outages-surviving-electric-squirrels-ups-failures/


“Squirrel chews account for a whopping 17% of our damages so
far this year! But let me add that it is down from 28% just last
year and it continues to decrease since we added cable guards to
our plant.”, Fred Lawler, Level(3)
http://blog.level3.com/level-3-network/the-10-most-bizarre-and-annoying-causes-of-fiber-cuts/

Reason 2: Get closer to users

http://www.akamai.com/html/technology/dataviz1.html

Reason 3: “Sorry, we’re full”

http://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/10/12/capgemini_merlin_data_center/

How: Figure out who and where
• Figure out what your motivations are
– Disaster recovery
– Get closer to users
– Future scaling
• Take a latency inventory of your apps
– To end users
– To other dependencies
• Get out the maps! Fire up traceroute!
– EC2: US East (Northern Virginia), US West (Oregon), US West (Northern California), EU (Ireland), Asia
Pacific (Singapore), Asia Pacific (Tokyo), South America (Sao Paulo), and GovCloud.


How: Deploy and manage w/
• sanity
Software defined datacenters
– Fancy term for “I defined the architecture in code
instead of Microsoft Visio”
• Configuration management
– Orchestrate the cloud APIs, and the config of
systems
– Chef
– Puppet
– CFEngine, and more
• Huge loss if you don’t take advantage of this

How: Coordinating global traffic
• What’s the app?
– Application agnostic, like DNS Global Server Load
Balancing
• Fancy term for “DNS servers monitor your servers and
change DNS answers when events are detected”
– Application specific, like DUNDi
• Decentralized coordination and fault tolerance
• Avoid SPOFs like the plague
– Keep it simple, keep it scalable


What can you expect?
• Flexibility
– Deploy new servers in new locations in hours
instead of weeks
• Performance
– If horizontally scalable on commodity hardware,
you win. Else, be careful.
– If closer to users and site-to-site latency not an
issue or data is distributed/eventually consistent,
you win. Else, be careful.


• Reliability
– If you understand “regions” and “availability
zones”, you win. Else, be careful.

http://joyent.com/blog/if-i-was-your-cloud-provider-i-d-never-let-you-down

• Efficiency
– Automation
– More instrumentation -> reduced MTTD
– More scalable
– Most important: More focus on what delivers your
business core competitive advantage.


Thank you (and we’re hiring!)
VP Technical Operations, Director of Engineering
Director of Security, Network Engineers, Software Engineers,
System Engineers, System Administrators (and more!)

Reach out to me: dyn.com, cvw@dyn.com, @cvonwallenstein

Astricon - Realities of Global Infrastructure in the Cloud

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