water use

1. Chong Boon Secondary
Geography Department
Sec 1 Geography
Unit 4 Lesson 4
Water Supply:
Causes of water shortage

2. Thinking questions
•What causes water
shortage? What
are the big uses of
water?

3. Lesson Objectives
• In this lesson, you will
–Identify the reasons for global
water shortage.

4. Factors that cause water shortage
• There are two main categories of
factors
–Demand Factors
• Factors that lead to man seeking more
water.
–Supply Factors
• Factors that affect the availability of
water to meet the demands by man.

5. Population Growth

6. Demand Factors
• Population Growth
– As global population increases, the total amount
of water demanded increases.
– Global Population has increased from 1.6 billion in
1900 to 3.1 billion in 1960 and to 7 billion in 2014.
– Most of the population increase is in Less
Developed Countries (LDCs)
– These are where there is also the largest water
shortage.

7. Affluence

8. Demand Factors
• Affluence
–Having wealth and being able to live
comfortably.
–Developed countries tend to be affluent.
–Affluent countries consume more water
due to the lifestyle of the people there.
–With more money, people consume goods
that are produced using more water and
live a lifestyle that consumes more water.

9. Seasonal Rain

10. Supply Factor
• Seasonal rainfall
–Countries with variation in rainfall will
face water supply issues.
–Seasonal rains (monsoons) bring large
rainfall in small pockets of the year.
–Seasonal rains also lead to dry seasons
where there is minimal rain.
–Singapore does not have such
problems.

11. Climate Change

12. Global Climate Change
• Global climate change will result in
change in seasonal rain.
• Intensity and timing of seasonal
rains are affected by global climate
change.
• With Global warming, some areas
have less water while others suffer
floods.

13. Water Pollution

14. Supply Factors
• Water Pollution
–Pollution is the introduction of substances
into the natural environment (air, water,
land).
–With pollution, water quality will drop. If it
becomes unusable for humans, total water
source will be reduced.

15. The Ganges River
• Largest river in India
• Used by over 400 million people
• Used for drinking, bathing and
irrigation, spiritual significance.
• Industrial waste dumpsite.

16. The Ganges River

17. Summary
Are you now able to
• Identify the factors that affect
demand and supply for water?

18. Let’s do a
summary
exercise