The document provides information about global water distribution and sources. It states that 71% of the Earth's surface is covered in water, most of which is salt water in oceans. Only 2.8% of the Earth's water is fresh water. The main sources of fresh water globally are groundwater stored underground, ice caps and glaciers, rivers, and lakes. Many countries currently face water shortages due to limited access to fresh water sources.
4. Distribution of water on earth.
• 71% of earth’s surface is covered with water.
• Most of the earth’s water is salt water.
• 2.8% of the earth’s water is fresh water.
• 1% of the fresh water is surface water in rivers
and lakes.
• The total amount of easily obtained fresh
water is very little!
5. Oceans
• All the world’s oceans are
interconnected.
• This is divided into 5 main oceans.
1. Pacific Ocean
2. Atlantic Ocean
3. Indian Ocean
4. Arctic Ocean
5. Southern Ocean
Turn to
Pg 133
7. Groundwater
• Groundwater is water stored
underground in soil and underlying rocks.
• Collected when rain infiltrates the
ground.
• Wells allow us to access groundwater.
8.
9. Groundwater sources
• Most groundwater is found in Africa and
South America.
• South East Asia has a relatively large supply.
• Surface fresh water is more commonly used as
it is easier to access.
• Groundwater is commonly used for irrigation.
– 38% of water for irrigation is groundwater.
10. Ice caps & glaciers
• Ice cap is a continuous mass of
ice covering the top of mountains
and elevated areas.
• Glaciers are bodies of ice that
move down a slope due to
gravity.
13. Rivers
• Large natural stream of fresh water
• Flows along a definite course into another water
body.
• Starts at the source (upper stream)
• Ends at the mouth (into a water body)
• Tributaries are smaller rivers that feed the main
river.
• Distributaries are smaller rivers that discharge
water from the main river.
14. Let’s try a simple exercise
• Turn to Pg 137 of your textbook.
15. Lakes
• A body of water occupying a hollow in
the earth’s surface.
• The largest freshwater lakes by surface
area are the Great Lakes of North
America.
• Pg 138
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V87jNFJJ46o
Water shortage malaysia 2014
Labelling a the oceans Exercise
Uses of water cartoon
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=On9WRrFHVjY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJn5Y65GAkA
2 min vid on shrinking kilimanjaro ice caps
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dCOa2lQiRbY
2 min video on glacier retreat globally.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pem4fpMwkSQ
Pause at appropriate timing to illustrate the extent of the retreat
Coast Guard Ice Breaker video 3min
Talk about the sheer size of the tankers -> the size of the lakes…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZTd-sHL1TNU