Technology Transfer. Universities: General Concepts Part III

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Technology Transfer/Universities/General Concepts
INTRODUCTION PART III

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1. SETTING UP COMPANIES
2. TECHNOLOGICAL ALLIANCE
3. MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS
4. ACCESO TO TECHNOLOGY BY COMPANIES
5. TECHNOLOGY AND KNOWLEDGE PROVIDERS
6. UNIVERSITIES
7. RESEARCH CENTERS
8. TECHNOLOGY CENTERS
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10. HOW TO WORK WITH TECHNOLOGY PROVIDERS
9. COMPANIES

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1. SETTING UP COMPANIES
Concept
Setting up a company is a mechanism that is increasingly being used by universities for the commercial exploitation of
technology or knowledge.
For practical purposes, there is no need to set up a company to exploit technology whenever you seek university support.
Certain technologies can be shared directly by a company that has been created by university research departments in order
for a peer ralationship to exist with another company, improving the time needed and the ease with which the relationship is
established.

2. TECHNOLOGICAL ALLIANCE
A technological alliance is a way whereby several deifferent parties or partners collaborate by sharing assets, risks, costs,
profits, skills and resources revolving around the development and/or exploitation of technology and knowledge.
It can consist of setting up a joint venture, with collaboration in the form of specific transfers of skills among partners, or the
setting up of a R&D collaboration consortium (participation in public R&D programmes...).
Although these typee of collaboratione can be contemplated in some of the earlier classifications, it is useful to separate them
because the essential concept residing in them is that of formalising a very close and intense collaboration between parties.
Technological alliances tend to involve more aspects besides those involving technology (commercial, management...).

3. MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS
Although this is not very common, the merger of a company with a technology and knowledge-intensive organisation (or its
acquisition) is one of the fastest and most effective ways of accessing technology as it involves the transfer of a complete
company including all its tangible assets (laboratories, buildings...) and intangible ones (intellectual property, human and
business resources).

4. ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGIES BY COMPANIES I
Companies can use prorietary technology, shared technology or third party technology
OWN
TECHNOL
OGY
OWN
TECHNOL
OGY
SHARED
TECHNOL
OGY
SHARED
TECHNOL
OGY
OTHER´S
TECHNO-
LOGY
OTHER´S
TECHNO-
LOGY
INTERNAL
DEVELOPMENT
INTERNAL
DEVELOPMENT
CO-
DEVELOPMENT
WITH
EXTERNAL
PÀRTNERS
CO-
DEVELOPMENT
WITH
EXTERNAL
PÀRTNERS
EXTERNAL
(SUPPLIER/LI-
CENSE)
DEVELOPMENT
EXTERNAL
(SUPPLIER/LI-
CENSE)
DEVELOPMENT
TECHNOLOGICAL LEADERSHIP/TECHNICAL RISK/RESOURCES NEEDSTECHNOLOGICAL LEADERSHIP/TECHNICAL RISK/RESOURCES NEEDS
TECHNOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY/QUICKNESS/DEPENDENCE/OPEN COOPERATIONTECHNOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY/QUICKNESS/DEPENDENCE/OPEN COOPERATION

4. ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGIES BY COMPANIES II
Proprietary technology:
Technology is developed by the company, either by itself or subcontracting parts to third parties companies or
institutions, but always keeping ownership and control.
These are companies with sufficient dimensions and resources that allow them to have their own research, technical
development and innovation (RD&I) departments under different names: engineering, design department, product
development, business development or even R&D.
Shared technology:
The technology is developed in collaboration with one or more external partners, who provide proprietary knowledge and
technology in order to bring about new technology whose ownership is shared by all in an agreed proportion.
These are referred to as technological collaborations or, in their maximum expression, as technological alliances.
Third party technology:
The technolgy is developed by third parties with no relation to the company and who proceed to provide it or license it
for use under particular conditions.

5. TECHNOLOGICAL AND KNOWLEDGE PROVIDER

6. UNIVERSITIES
Universities are one of the pillars for knowledge generation and dissemination in our society.
These are usually public or private non-profit organisations whose main aims are education, research and transfer.
In Spain and almost all developed countries, companies have universities in the vicinity of their location, and therefore, without
knowing, have a nearby technology provider in the university of their city or region.

7. RESEARCH CENTERS
Research centres, typically known as public research institutes, are insititutions that exist purely for research and, together
with universities, form the core of the public system of scientific research and technical development in Spain.
There are currently seven large research centres under the authority of different ministries, with facilities in many parts of
Spain, mainly in collaboration with universities.
The most important of these is the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC).

8. TECHNOLOGY CENTERS
Technology centres are public or private institutes that undertake research, develop technology and offer technical services –
their strong point – directed at the business sector.
They tend to focus on industrial sectors that are both vertical (food processing, automotive, construction...) and horizontal (IT,
environment, optics...)
You most likely have a technology centre near your company as they are near in number to universities and they are found
throughout Spain.

9.COMPANIES
These are companies with the capacity for undertaking research and developing technology that is tailor made to suit their
clients.
Occasionally there are companies that have decided to create an area parallel to business activity in order to generate returns
from the knowledge and technological experience they have accumulated over the years.

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10. DOWNLOADABLE DOCUMENTS
How to work with technology providers
Guide document that contains useful information about how to work with technology
providers

Thank you for your interest
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Technology Transfer. Universities: General Concepts Part III

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