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Cradle to Cradle Design




                          CISCO Connected Urban Development
                          Conference

                          Michael Braungart
                          Amsterdam, September 23rd, 2008
Connected Urban Development Conference 08´
EPEA OFFICE: die Patriotische Gesellschaft, Hamburg




    Philosophy:

    Tolerance and Rationality,
    Progress and Maturity,
    Humanity and
    Community Building.




PATRIOTIC SOCIETY SINCE 1765, HAMBURG
BAD DESIGN OF TOYS: TOXIC GASEOUS EMISSIONS...



     2-ethylhexanol




    cyclohexanon          alkyl aromatics
GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY?

BAD DESIGN: CHROMATOGRAM FOR CHILDREN‘S TOY




SOURCE: Hamburger Umweltinstitut e.V.
HEAVY METALS IN TOYS




Hamburger Umwelt Institute
CRADLE TO GRAVE DESIGN PARADIGM
CRADLE TO GRAVE DESIGN PARADIGM
ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTERS
CRADLE TO GRAVE DESIGN PARADIGM
ARE WE TOO MANY?




                   “No goal is more crucial to
                   healing the global environment
                   than stabilizing human
                   population.”
                                      Al Gore
ARE WE TOO MANY?
ARE THEY TOO MANY ?
THE BIOMASS OF ANTS IS FOUR TIMES GREATER THAN THAT OF HUMANS
Eco-Efficiency
Rearranging the deck chairs on the Titanic
CRADLE TO GRAVE : TARGET IS ZERO




                                   REDUCTION,
                                   AVOIDANCE,
                                   MINIMIZATION,
                                   PREVENTION.
                                   ECO-EFFICIENCY
CRADLE TO CRADLE : THE GOAL IS QUALITY



                                         ECO-EFFECTIVENESS
                                          DEFINE,
                                          INCREASE,
                                          SUPPORT,
                                          OPTIMIZE




                                          ECO-EFFICIENCY
CRADLE TO CRADLE DESIGN PARADIGM




    • WASTE EQUALS FOOD

    • USE CURRENT SOLAR INCOME

    • CELEBRATE DIVERSITY
IDENTIFY THE BEST: ABC-X CATEGORIZATION

                                          OPTIMAL


                                          OPTIMIZING



                                          TOLERABLE




                                          NOT ACCEPTABLE


                                          NOT
                                          CHARACTERIZED
PROGRESS OF QUALITY FROM CRADLE TO CRADLE WITH TIME


                                                      ECO-EFFECTIVENESS



                                                 WHERE
                                                 CLIENTS AND
                                                 SUPPLIERS
                                                 REGARD
                                                 THEMSELVES AS
                                                 PARTNERS,
                                                 AIMING FOR THE
                                                 HIGHEST
                                                 QUALITIES
Biological   Technical
Metabolism   Metabolism
Biological
Nutrient
CLIMATEX® LIFECYCLE™ : BIOLOGICAL NUTRIENT




    FABRIC PRODUCTION   FABRIC SALE AND USE   DISPOSAL AND TRIMMINGS




             RESOURCE GROWTH         MULCH AND COMPOST
TRIGEMA BIODEGRADABLE T-SHIRT

       ABWASSERAUFBEREITUNG IN ENTWICKLUNGSLÄNDERN




     MANUFACTURE                BIODEGRADE



                                                     NEW DIMENSIONS OF
                                                     QUALITY FOR
                                                     APPAREL GOODS
RECOLLECTION                            COMPOST      - User’s Health
                                                     - Safe for the
                     COTTON                           Environment
Technical
Nutrient
SHAW CARPETS: TECHNICAL NUTRIENT




     CARPET MANUFACTURE    CARPET SALE AND USE   RECOVERY AND GRINDING




                FIBER PRODUCTION    REPOLYMERIZATION NYLON 6
The BEL-AIR Bio Filter
ECO-EFFECTIVE VS. ECO-EFFICIENT ARCHITECTURE

                                  Eco-Efficient Architecture:
                                  • Minimize energy use
                                  • Reuse Materials
                                  • Dematerialization – less
                                     materials
                                  • Recycling

                                  „The house is a machine for living“
                                     (LeCorbusier)

                                  •   Uniform design regardless of place
                                  •   Facilitated by air conditioning
                                  •   Short on fresh air and natural light
BEYOND THE LIMITS OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE



                               Eco-effective architecture

                               •   Rematerialization
                                    – Technical and biological cycles
                                    – Integrated with nature‘s
                                      nutrient and energy cycles
                               •   Material chemistry
                                    – Positively defined material
                                      chemistry
                                    – e.g. Climatex and BASF carpet
                                      fiber
Buildings like trees,
Cities like forests
Adam Joseph Lewis Center for Environmental Studies I Oberlin College, OH
ECO-EFFECTIVE ARCHITECTURE

                             •   More Impact
                                  – More habitat
                                  – More clean water
                                  – More fresh air
                                  – More pleasure
                                  – More beauty
                                  – More biological diversity
                                  – More fun

                             •   Intelligent Workplace
                                  – Responds to outdoor and
                                    indoor conditions
Ford: River Rouge Plant in Dearborn, Michigan, USA


                                     Prior to Redesign
                                    •Soil and water contamination on worksite
                                    •Dark, dank, unpleasant Factory-Interior
                                    •US$ 48 million for Water-Management


                                     After Eco-Effective Redesign
                                    •Decontamination of soil
                                    •Natural lighting and high ceilings
                                    •US$ 35 million savings for Water Purification
RIVER ROUGE – LIVING ROOF DESIGN
© Ford Photographic
JANIS BIRKELAND: POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT

• Design Cities and Buildings with
Net-positive benefits for the living
environment in mind
• Best practice in planning, design
and development of infrastructure.
• Eco-Retrofitting
• The SmartMode method - to help
reverse the ecological and social
impacts of past development.
  Systems Mapping And Re-design Thinking
ECO-RETROFITTING: GREEN ROOFS, VERTICAL GARDENS ...




   Fukuoka Building, Japan.                                            Musée du quai Branly, Paris
   http://www.metaefficient.com/images/Ambasz_fukuoka_green_roof.jpg
                                                                       http://www.thegrowspot.com/know/f5/vertical-gardens-living-walls-53838.html
Bionorica AG: Headquarters in Neumarkt, Nurenberg, Germany




• Use of natural functional materials
• Energy solution technologies
• High indoor air quality
RAISED FLORA
WASTE MANAGEMENT = NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT




“Waste” Management: Ideal sector to
collect and handle materials for
upcycling.
AVR VAN GANSEWINKEL: THE NUTRIENT MANAGER




        “For us Cradle to Cradle is not a new invention, it
        is more a recognition of existing activities and re-
        discovering what our business is really about!”
•       “We embrace it and support it. In our opinion
        nutrients should not be wasted. We can give it a
        new lease of life.”
                                 Ruud Sondag
                                 CEO, AVR - Van Gansewinkel
STATEMENT FROM THE CEO OF DESSO



                                  “With Cradle to Cradle, Desso
                                  is in it for the long haul. It’s a
                                  challenging task which will
                                  involve the creation of
                                  entirely new products and
                                  technologies. But it’s a task
                                  we’re proud to undertake, for
                                  the betterment of our
                                  products, our brand, the
                                  people and our planet.” CEO
                                            - Stef Kranendijk, Desso
INTELLIGENT MATERIALS POOLING (IMP) – PHASE ONE




 Creating Strength:


 • Identify partners
 • Identify substances to
   eliminate
INTELLIGENT MATERIALS POOLING (IMP) – PHASE TWO



Using Strength:
• Develop a collective list
  of intelligent materials
  (i.e. positive purchasing
  and procurement list)
    – I.e. eco-effective
      polymers and
      additives, alloys,
      building materials,
      etc.
INTELLIGENT MATERIALS POOLING (IMP) – PHASE THREE




Define Flows:
• Define use periods for
  products and services
• IMP uses high quality
  materials, becoming a
  virtual ‘materials bank’
INTELLIGENT MATERIALS POOLING: MATERIAL FLOWS
EXAMPLE OF A CRADLE TO CRADLESM Platform
CRADLE TO CRADLE CERTIFICATION



•   4 LEVELS OF CERTIFICATION:
     – PLATINUM
     – GOLD
     – SILVER
     – BASIC

•   CERTIFICATION CRITERIA:
     – MATERIALS
     – MATERIAL REUTILIZATION
     – ENERGY
     – WATER
     – SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
EXAMPLES FOR CERTIFICATIONS (MBDC)




Tartan Track Silver

                              Timber Sil Wood Treatment agent Silver
                                                                       Steelcase Workstation Silver




    Mirra Chair Silver/Gold                                              Shaw Eco Worx Tile Silver
                              Victor Inovatex Gold
TRIPLE TOP LINE
ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT
BENEFICIAL ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT
“It’s obviously time for a new
paradigm. And the question is, Do we
adopt it now, or do we wait until we’re
really in trouble?…I recommend Cradle
to Cradle, a book by Michael
Braungart and William McDonough.”
       - Brad Pitt
                            October 2006,
                       Volume 146, Issue 4
THE NETHERLANDS
A CRADLE TO CRADLE HOTBED
Becoming native to the planet
Becoming native to place
CRADLE TO CRADLE – WHERE TO BEGIN?
CRADLE TO CRADLE – WHERE TO BEGIN?
                                            FOCUS ON CLUSTERS OF NEEDS
                                             FOCUS ON CLUSTERS OF NEEDS



                               Consumer
                                 Goods
                    Energy
                                                 Bio-
                                                 Diversity


        Transport
                         Infrastructure
             Health                        Air Purity
                                                    Children



                       Eco-Retrofit
                         of Built     Non-Renewable
                       Environment       Nutrient
                                        Recovery
CRADLE TO CRADLE: REMAKING THE WAY WE MAKE THINGS
NUTEC - Becoming Native to the Planet

              International Congress and Exhibition for
                   Innovation and Intelligent Design




                        12. – 14. November 2008
                         FRANKFURT, GERMANY

                   www.nutec.de // +49 69 75 –59 99
EPEA INTERNATIONALE
UMWELTFORSCHUNG GMBH
TROSTBRÜCKE 4
D-20457 HAMBURG
GERMANY
T. +49 40 43 13 49 0
F. +49 40 43 13 49 49
www.epea.com




                           Michael Braungart
                        braungart@epea.com

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Michael Braungart - Cradle to Cradle Design

  • 1. Cradle to Cradle Design CISCO Connected Urban Development Conference Michael Braungart Amsterdam, September 23rd, 2008
  • 2. Connected Urban Development Conference 08´
  • 3. EPEA OFFICE: die Patriotische Gesellschaft, Hamburg Philosophy: Tolerance and Rationality, Progress and Maturity, Humanity and Community Building. PATRIOTIC SOCIETY SINCE 1765, HAMBURG
  • 4. BAD DESIGN OF TOYS: TOXIC GASEOUS EMISSIONS... 2-ethylhexanol cyclohexanon alkyl aromatics
  • 5. GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY? BAD DESIGN: CHROMATOGRAM FOR CHILDREN‘S TOY SOURCE: Hamburger Umweltinstitut e.V.
  • 6. HEAVY METALS IN TOYS Hamburger Umwelt Institute
  • 7.
  • 8. CRADLE TO GRAVE DESIGN PARADIGM
  • 9. CRADLE TO GRAVE DESIGN PARADIGM
  • 11. CRADLE TO GRAVE DESIGN PARADIGM
  • 12.
  • 13. ARE WE TOO MANY? “No goal is more crucial to healing the global environment than stabilizing human population.” Al Gore
  • 14. ARE WE TOO MANY?
  • 15. ARE THEY TOO MANY ?
  • 16. THE BIOMASS OF ANTS IS FOUR TIMES GREATER THAN THAT OF HUMANS
  • 17.
  • 18. Eco-Efficiency Rearranging the deck chairs on the Titanic
  • 19. CRADLE TO GRAVE : TARGET IS ZERO REDUCTION, AVOIDANCE, MINIMIZATION, PREVENTION. ECO-EFFICIENCY
  • 20. CRADLE TO CRADLE : THE GOAL IS QUALITY ECO-EFFECTIVENESS DEFINE, INCREASE, SUPPORT, OPTIMIZE ECO-EFFICIENCY
  • 21.
  • 22. CRADLE TO CRADLE DESIGN PARADIGM • WASTE EQUALS FOOD • USE CURRENT SOLAR INCOME • CELEBRATE DIVERSITY
  • 23. IDENTIFY THE BEST: ABC-X CATEGORIZATION OPTIMAL OPTIMIZING TOLERABLE NOT ACCEPTABLE NOT CHARACTERIZED
  • 24. PROGRESS OF QUALITY FROM CRADLE TO CRADLE WITH TIME ECO-EFFECTIVENESS WHERE CLIENTS AND SUPPLIERS REGARD THEMSELVES AS PARTNERS, AIMING FOR THE HIGHEST QUALITIES
  • 25. Biological Technical Metabolism Metabolism
  • 27. CLIMATEX® LIFECYCLE™ : BIOLOGICAL NUTRIENT FABRIC PRODUCTION FABRIC SALE AND USE DISPOSAL AND TRIMMINGS RESOURCE GROWTH MULCH AND COMPOST
  • 28. TRIGEMA BIODEGRADABLE T-SHIRT ABWASSERAUFBEREITUNG IN ENTWICKLUNGSLÄNDERN MANUFACTURE BIODEGRADE NEW DIMENSIONS OF QUALITY FOR APPAREL GOODS RECOLLECTION COMPOST - User’s Health - Safe for the COTTON Environment
  • 30. SHAW CARPETS: TECHNICAL NUTRIENT CARPET MANUFACTURE CARPET SALE AND USE RECOVERY AND GRINDING FIBER PRODUCTION REPOLYMERIZATION NYLON 6
  • 31. The BEL-AIR Bio Filter
  • 32. ECO-EFFECTIVE VS. ECO-EFFICIENT ARCHITECTURE Eco-Efficient Architecture: • Minimize energy use • Reuse Materials • Dematerialization – less materials • Recycling „The house is a machine for living“ (LeCorbusier) • Uniform design regardless of place • Facilitated by air conditioning • Short on fresh air and natural light
  • 33. BEYOND THE LIMITS OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE Eco-effective architecture • Rematerialization – Technical and biological cycles – Integrated with nature‘s nutrient and energy cycles • Material chemistry – Positively defined material chemistry – e.g. Climatex and BASF carpet fiber
  • 35. Adam Joseph Lewis Center for Environmental Studies I Oberlin College, OH
  • 36. ECO-EFFECTIVE ARCHITECTURE • More Impact – More habitat – More clean water – More fresh air – More pleasure – More beauty – More biological diversity – More fun • Intelligent Workplace – Responds to outdoor and indoor conditions
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42. Ford: River Rouge Plant in Dearborn, Michigan, USA Prior to Redesign •Soil and water contamination on worksite •Dark, dank, unpleasant Factory-Interior •US$ 48 million for Water-Management After Eco-Effective Redesign •Decontamination of soil •Natural lighting and high ceilings •US$ 35 million savings for Water Purification
  • 43. RIVER ROUGE – LIVING ROOF DESIGN
  • 44.
  • 46. JANIS BIRKELAND: POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT • Design Cities and Buildings with Net-positive benefits for the living environment in mind • Best practice in planning, design and development of infrastructure. • Eco-Retrofitting • The SmartMode method - to help reverse the ecological and social impacts of past development. Systems Mapping And Re-design Thinking
  • 47. ECO-RETROFITTING: GREEN ROOFS, VERTICAL GARDENS ... Fukuoka Building, Japan. Musée du quai Branly, Paris http://www.metaefficient.com/images/Ambasz_fukuoka_green_roof.jpg http://www.thegrowspot.com/know/f5/vertical-gardens-living-walls-53838.html
  • 48. Bionorica AG: Headquarters in Neumarkt, Nurenberg, Germany • Use of natural functional materials • Energy solution technologies • High indoor air quality
  • 50.
  • 51.
  • 52.
  • 53.
  • 54. WASTE MANAGEMENT = NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT “Waste” Management: Ideal sector to collect and handle materials for upcycling.
  • 55. AVR VAN GANSEWINKEL: THE NUTRIENT MANAGER “For us Cradle to Cradle is not a new invention, it is more a recognition of existing activities and re- discovering what our business is really about!” • “We embrace it and support it. In our opinion nutrients should not be wasted. We can give it a new lease of life.” Ruud Sondag CEO, AVR - Van Gansewinkel
  • 56. STATEMENT FROM THE CEO OF DESSO “With Cradle to Cradle, Desso is in it for the long haul. It’s a challenging task which will involve the creation of entirely new products and technologies. But it’s a task we’re proud to undertake, for the betterment of our products, our brand, the people and our planet.” CEO - Stef Kranendijk, Desso
  • 57. INTELLIGENT MATERIALS POOLING (IMP) – PHASE ONE Creating Strength: • Identify partners • Identify substances to eliminate
  • 58. INTELLIGENT MATERIALS POOLING (IMP) – PHASE TWO Using Strength: • Develop a collective list of intelligent materials (i.e. positive purchasing and procurement list) – I.e. eco-effective polymers and additives, alloys, building materials, etc.
  • 59. INTELLIGENT MATERIALS POOLING (IMP) – PHASE THREE Define Flows: • Define use periods for products and services • IMP uses high quality materials, becoming a virtual ‘materials bank’
  • 61. EXAMPLE OF A CRADLE TO CRADLESM Platform
  • 62. CRADLE TO CRADLE CERTIFICATION • 4 LEVELS OF CERTIFICATION: – PLATINUM – GOLD – SILVER – BASIC • CERTIFICATION CRITERIA: – MATERIALS – MATERIAL REUTILIZATION – ENERGY – WATER – SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
  • 63. EXAMPLES FOR CERTIFICATIONS (MBDC) Tartan Track Silver Timber Sil Wood Treatment agent Silver Steelcase Workstation Silver Mirra Chair Silver/Gold Shaw Eco Worx Tile Silver Victor Inovatex Gold
  • 64.
  • 68. “It’s obviously time for a new paradigm. And the question is, Do we adopt it now, or do we wait until we’re really in trouble?…I recommend Cradle to Cradle, a book by Michael Braungart and William McDonough.” - Brad Pitt October 2006, Volume 146, Issue 4
  • 69. THE NETHERLANDS A CRADLE TO CRADLE HOTBED
  • 70. Becoming native to the planet Becoming native to place
  • 71.
  • 72.
  • 73. CRADLE TO CRADLE – WHERE TO BEGIN? CRADLE TO CRADLE – WHERE TO BEGIN? FOCUS ON CLUSTERS OF NEEDS FOCUS ON CLUSTERS OF NEEDS Consumer Goods Energy Bio- Diversity Transport Infrastructure Health Air Purity Children Eco-Retrofit of Built Non-Renewable Environment Nutrient Recovery
  • 74. CRADLE TO CRADLE: REMAKING THE WAY WE MAKE THINGS
  • 75. NUTEC - Becoming Native to the Planet International Congress and Exhibition for Innovation and Intelligent Design 12. – 14. November 2008 FRANKFURT, GERMANY www.nutec.de // +49 69 75 –59 99
  • 76. EPEA INTERNATIONALE UMWELTFORSCHUNG GMBH TROSTBRÜCKE 4 D-20457 HAMBURG GERMANY T. +49 40 43 13 49 0 F. +49 40 43 13 49 49 www.epea.com Michael Braungart braungart@epea.com