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Organizational Change
Management: A Make or
Break Capability for
Digital Success
As more businesses embark on digital transformation,
they often underestimate the impact of these initiatives on
their operational structure, culture and employees. If not
properly managed, the substantial organizational change
that digital entails can jeopardize expected returns on
investment and program success.
2 KEEP CHALLENGING January 2017
Executive Summary
From start-ups to government institutions, digital is a disruptive force.
The former are encroaching on the territories of long-established
organizations, and the latter are recognizing the beneficial impacts of
digital on citizens and even gross domestic product (GDP).1
When it comes to digital change, many organizations focus on
external factors, such as the customer experience and new revenue
streams. However, internal changes are just as crucial for digital
transformation to succeed, including new skills, employee behaviors,
organizational structures and corporate culture.
In fact, traditional organizational hierarchies can be an obstacle to
moving toward the new ways of working needed in the digital age,
particularly as small, agile and innovation-minded players move
quickly to win market share from established organizations. As Klaus
Schwab, founder and executive chairman at the World Economic
Forum explains, “In the future, it will not be the big fish that eats
the small fish, it will be the fast fish that eats the slow fish.”2
In our
own recent research on the digital workforce, conducted with the
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT: A MAKE OR BREAK CAPABILITY FOR DIGITAL SUCCESS 3
Economist Intelligence Unit, we found many companies beginning
to transition away from rigid organizational models to smaller and
nimbler clusters of talent with expertise to excel in a particular market
or niche.3
Multiple studies over the years have highlighted the significant failure
rates associated with traditional change initiatives, but what about the
change associated with digital transformation?4
According to some
leading thinkers, the question of organizational change in the current
digital age is the most important of all; as Harvard Business Review
senior editor Andrea Ovans says, “The question we should be asking
is not what utterly unpredictable new things will turn up to annihilate
your businesses but what form of organization is appropriate to
capitalize on them.”5
This white paper explores how and why effective organizational change
management is a make-or-break issue in this digital age. It further
identifies some of the challenges of managing digital change, with
recommendations on how to address them.
4 KEEP CHALLENGING January 2017
Digital Dominates the Global Agenda
At the 2016 Davos World Economic Forum, digital graduated to the main stage, and
was named as key to the “Fourth Industrial Revolution” by the event’s organizers.
6
We have been tracking the rise of digital since 2010, and helping our clients to define
and execute on their digital strategies. Common questions we hear include, “What
is digital?” “What should we be doing in terms of digital?” “What are the main
digital challenges we should anticipate?” “How can we manage the transition?”
These questions are considered below, leveraging our primary research, our own
experience across industries and secondary research.
Defining Digital
To clarify, digital is not entirely new. We are all familiar with Web and mobile
channels, as well as the predictive analytics used by Amazon to make recommen-
dations based on customers’ purchasing histories. Mobile use is rampant; in Hong
Kong alone, there were 2.4 active mobile connections per citizen in 2015.
7
Cloud is
also widely used today – think Google’s Gmail delivered through a browser. Over a
billion people use Facebook, and collaboration tools such as Yammer are quickly
being integrated into the corporate domain.
So if digital technology is not new, then
why all the commotion? The answer is
that with the onslaught of these digital
technologies, customer (and employee)
experience expectations have skyrocket-
ed. Just as important, when these digital
elements are combined – such as social,
mobile, analytics and cloud (aka, the
SMAC Stack
8
), Internet of Things (IoT),
3-D printing, artificial intelligence (AI)
and more – within the right governance
structure, then business and IT processes
can be transformed.
While no standard definition of digital
exists, it clearly goes beyond implementing the technology itself; organizations
are placing the customer, the mobile device, the revamped business process or
the new business model at the center of change, thereby improving the customer
experience, organizational agility, and the revenue and cost outcomes by connecting
the physical world to the digital.
In summary, we define digital as “innovation to connect technology, data science,
devices, design and business strategy to change a business process or customer
experience.”
9
Consider the music industry, in which established labels have been disrupted by
innovators like Pandora that stream digital music via the cloud across multiple
devices and use predictive analytics to personalize music offerings based on
individual preferences.
Success stories such as these – as well as Facebook, Amazon, Netflix and Google
(sometimes called the FANG vendors
10
) – are not isolated or random events but a
result of the distillation and the meaning made of digital data (or the Code HaloTM
)
that surrounds people, organizations, processes and “things.”
11
Consumers increas-
ingly expect a consistent, personalized and seamless experience across platforms,
products, promotions, prices and policies, and these companies deliver them.
While no standard definition of
digital exists, it clearly goes beyond
implementing the technology itself;
organizations are placing the customer,
the mobile device, the revamped
business process or the new business
model at the center of change.
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT: A MAKE OR BREAK CAPABILITY FOR DIGITAL SUCCESS 5
But while digital-native businesses such as these are able to design and build from
the ground up, it is more difficult for long-established organizations to transform.
This is where organizational change management for the digital era comes in.
Assessing the Criticality of Change Management
The failure rate for traditional technology change is widely understood to be
over 50%;
12
since digital transformation impacts entire organizations, including
structures and cultures, the challenge is likely even greater. In our experience,
successful change is more likely when the need for change, the capability to change
and the vision of a better future outweigh the emotional, personal and financial
cost of the change (see Figure 1).
Organizational culture and lessons learned from past change initiatives are
important considerations; according to some experts, corporate culture
outranks organizational silos and budget limitations as the greatest challenge to
digital efforts.
13
Navigating Change
In order to navigate a successful digital transformation journey, organizations
need to first understand and define what digital means to them, and identify the
specific opportunity that digital represents. A cookie-cutter approach to digital is
rarely recommended, as needs and opportunities vary dramatically across organi-
zations. Because digital affects all areas of the organization – and requires partici-
pation from stakeholders across the enterprise – effective change networks are
needed to distribute and disseminate the change efforts.
The Mathematics of Change Management
Figure 1
X X
> +
The conditions that need to be established and maintained to enable change:
Need for
change
Vision of
a better
future
Capability
to change
Emotional/
personal
cost
Financial
cost
According to some experts, corporate
culture outranks organizational silos
and budget limitations as the greatest
challenge to digital efforts.
6 KEEP CHALLENGING January 2017
To navigate digital change, organiza-
tions need to:
•	Assess where digital and change
leadership skills exist today and
bring them together in cross-functional
groups governed by a digital council.
The groups should operate according to
a defined charter with the involvement
of senior digital leadership.
•	Build the business case. There is no
lack of supporting materials to quickly
identify the “burning platform” relevant for each industry. Businesses need to
define the digital and change capabilities that are needed and assess their cur-
rent maturity against these findings. Communicating the capability gaps can be
an effective tool for business and IT alignment.
•	Identify digital initiatives that bridge capability gaps. These initiatives need
to be communicated widely, using creative mechanisms such as vision videos,
pop-up stands in reception areas, vibrant brands, microsites and participative
opportunities for employees at all levels to engage in.
Change Requires Top Leadership
Digital responsibilities, when not directly assumed by the CEO, are often assigned to
others in the C suite, such as the chief information officer, chief technology officer,
chief financial officer or chief marketing officer. Shared responsibilities may be the
right option for some organizations; no matter which approach is taken, however,
we believe it is imperative to have dedicated leadership that is empowered to
connect across all stakeholders; break down organizational silos; define the digital
strategy; design the operating model and customer journeys; manage skills, capa-
bilities and resourcing needs; make sense of digital data; promote a digital-first and
innovative culture; set up the digital office; ensure cybersecurity; monitor digital
value; realign reward structures; and address the many other aspects that result
from digital change.
In our survey of 200 CIOs and IT leaders across the U.S. in late 2015, 42% of respon-
dents identified the CEO as leading digital initiatives, while 24% indicated the CIO,
and 20% the CFO. Strong collaboration between the CIO and CMO was highlighted
as a key success criteria, since a major portion of digital funding typically comes
from marketing and IT budgets.
14
In another recent survey of more than 300 C-level
executives and direct reports across Asia, we found as many as 70% plan to appoint
a chief digital officer (CDO) within the next two to three years.
15
Because digital impacts most if not all major business and IT processes, it is best to
define, document and assign transformation responsibilities as early in the initiative
as possible. Forward-thinking companies make their organization-wide processes
available to all employees, which drives engagement by helping people see how
their roles fit into the overall strategy, keeping in mind that select processes may
need to remain accessible only to authorized employees for reasons of security or
competitive strategy.
Championing digital from the top levels of the organization is paramount, and CEOs
must get actively involved. This may include embracing a social media presence,
such as Twitter or LinkedIn, or leveraging internal collaboration tools such as Slack,
Yammer, Chatter, Jabber or blogs. Corporate leaders can share thought leadership
on dedicated platforms, ensuring adequate resources are assigned to continually
Because digital affects all areas
of the organization – and requires
participation from stakeholders across
the enterprise – effective change
networks are needed to distribute and
disseminate the change efforts.
deliver fresh content.
16
These activities will not only help leaders better understand
digital channels, but they will also drive an open and transparent culture supportive
of digital change adoption.
A powerful idea for driving digital change is to provide all significant change ini-
tiatives with a unique brand and online collaboration space. While this may be a
major cultural shift for organizations accustomed to sharing information on a need-
to-know basis, the end result – competitive differentiation – is worth the effort.
After all, an intense customer focus – coupled with the ability to innovate and act
quickly – is difficult for competitors to emulate.
17
Organizations should not forget to include digital natives along with more senior,
tenured managers. As members of the millennial generation have entered the
corporate world, they have introduced the expectation of internal collaboration and
transparency, as well as mobility and use of their own devices. Millennials can be
engaged to monitor the latest disruptive technologies, identifying both potential
threats and possible partnership or acquisition opportunities.
A powerful idea for driving digital
change is to provide all significant
change initiatives with a unique brand
and online collaboration space.
Quick Take
In our view, organizational change management in the
digital era must focus on the following:
•	Form a digital council, led by one or more col-
laborative senior leaders, to define, sponsor and
implement the digital opportunity and build an
innovation practice. The initial operating budget
for innovation and digital transformation initiatives
could be set at 1% to 2% of revenue.
•	Develop a clear digital change vision. Assess both
digital capabilities and change maturity, and define a
roadmap to achieving the vision. Leverage the latest
organizational change management methodologies
that recognize the need for business agility, such as
Kotter International’s Accelerate
18
or our own OCM
framework,
19
supplemented with the latest digital
tools to implement and sustain lasting change.
•	Use Agile methods to speed benefits realization,
which will compound support for digital efforts.
•	Grow digital talent both from within the organiza-
tion and by leveraging external support as needed.
Incentivize the growth of digital skills, set clear
digital goals, and appraise, recognize and reward
employees who demonstrate they are working
toward these goals.
•	Build a digital culture, including open and
transparent communications from top
leadership levels. Leaders should leverage
company-wide collaboration platforms
and e-learning techniques to
encourage wider engagement
through extensive
communication of digital
initiatives.
Organizational Change Management: The Digital Difference
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT: A MAKE OR BREAK CAPABILITY FOR DIGITAL SUCCESS 7
8 KEEP CHALLENGING January 2017
Finding Digital Talent
A major challenge for digital change is recruiting and retaining digital talent. In
our recent research of over 420 decision-makers across the U.S. and Europe, 94%
of respondents agreed that the digital skills gap was hampering digital transfor-
mation. As a result, many companies are beginning to work with smaller, nimbler
clusters of talent that serve a particular market or niche. Doing so requires a shift
away from rigid, hierarchical organizational models, which would hamper efforts
to access, team and co-create with global talent pools that sit at the edge of the
organization.
20
Because of the vast need for training, approaches will shift from face-to-face, to
more cost-efficient methods that are on-demand, online and based on mobile
platforms, such as private YouTube or Vimeo channels. Other approaches include
massive open online courses (MOOCs), including Coursera and micro-learning
techniques that deliver content in short bursts on an as-needed basis via mobile
learning platforms such as Umu and Google’s Primer.
21
While organizations must
quickly establish digital talent, they also must balance speed with assurance that
they are acquiring the right resources.
Encouraging Acceptance
Early in the program, leaders
should identify influential indi-
viduals who may be inclined to
resist the proposed digital change,
and be prepared to personalize
benefits communications with
these stakeholders, possibly at the
senior sponsorship level. Inclusive,
extensive and transparent com-
munications will help encourage
adoption of the digital strategy,
by giving anyone who is interested
an opportunity to be part of the
solution.
Adoption and enthusiasm can also be nurtured with digital methods that encourage
audience participation, such as mobile-enabled real-time voting tools like
Mentimeter.
22
Mobile SMS and WhatsApp channels can reach a wide audience, but
organizations should be mindful that these approaches complement rather than
replace the need for broader channel communications.
To instill a culture of participative innovation, organizations can crowd-
source and prioritize employee ideas, ideally on open voting platforms. Such
platforms can also help to scale and rapidly monetize innovation ideas, thus
further generating excitement and adoption. We have developed collaborato-
ries and “techquariums” around the world to help organizations quickly trial
innovations at lower investment levels than traditional technology procure-
ment methods.
23
Quick wins and agile methods can also lead to faster benefits realization, which can
speed acceptance.
Shoring up Human Resources
Leaders should be ready to answer tough questions from employees, such as the
impact of digital automation and self-service initiatives on headcount, as well as the
Many companies are beginning to work with
smaller, nimbler clusters of talent that
serve a particular market or niche.
Doing so requires a shift away from rigid,
hierarchical organizational models, which
would hamper efforts to access, team and co-
create with global talent pools that sit at the
edge of the organization.
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT: A MAKE OR BREAK CAPABILITY FOR DIGITAL SUCCESS 9
need for additional talent resources, such as design thinkers,
data scientists and more. With the continued option of
sourcing talent from external providers, as well as the growth
of the gig economy,
24
new talent acquisition may not always
mean adding permanent headcount.
To create individual accountability and ensure employees are focused on strategic
priorities, managers should include digital objectives and measures in perfor-
mance reviews, or organizations could even consider replacing the annual per-
formance cycle with year-round recognition tools, such as WorkStride, Kudos or
YouEarnedit.
25
No matter which approach they take, it is increasingly clear that the human
resources function needs to play a major role in digital transformation, particu-
larly in terms of the impact on organizational restructuring, talent recruitment,
employee performance and corporate values. Forward-thinking HR leaders will
actively support the digital change, recognizing the unprecedented opportunity to
provide an enormous competitive advantage to their business.
26
Identifying a Methodology
Many organizational change management methodologies are available that can be
leveraged for digital. Most will mandate a strong change vision and sponsorship,
followed by thorough change planning, managed implementation, and an approach to
embedding the new ways of working into the organization to sustain lasting change.
Looking Forward
Digital is increasingly driving business performance today, and transform-
ing business models across all industries. If organizations have not yet started
to understand and embrace digital in a way that is relevant to their needs and
strategies, they may already be on the path to extinction.
In our recent research of more than 2,000 IT and business
decision-makers in the U.S. and Europe, digital leaders
already have a 160% advantage over laggards when it
comes to digital.
27
While change may be difficult to achieve, building a digital
sense of urgency is increasingly easy to accomplish. Orga-
nizations should be mindful of the words of former GE
Chairman Jack Welch: “When the rate of change inside
an institution becomes slower than the rate of change
outside, the end is in sight.”
28
If organizations have not yet
started to understand and
embrace digital in a way that
is relevant to their needs and
strategies, they may already be
on the path to extinction.
Early in the program, leaders should identify
influential individuals who may be inclined
to resist the proposed
digital change, and be
prepared to personalize
benefits communications
with these stakeholders.
10 KEEP CHALLENGING January 2017
Depending on where your company is in terms of digital maturity, we recommend
the following actions:
•	Bring together digital stakeholders under executive leadership to develop
and drive the digital vision.
•	Define an approach to encourage innovation, allowing all employees to partici-
pate in strategic ideation, further ensuring engagement and adoption.
•	Develop a strong digital change vision, assess digital maturity and capabili-
ties, and then leverage an organizational change management methodology
that recognizes the need for business agility.
•	Use Agile methods for faster benefits realization, which further encourages
support for digital efforts.
•	Grow digital talent from within, create digital champions and leverage external
support as needed. Incentivize employees by setting clear digital goals, and then
appraise, recognize and reward their efforts.
•	Build a digital culture, including open and transparent communications from
the top, leveraging company-wide collaboration platforms and e-learning to
extensively communicate digital initiatives.
As futurist Joel Barker said, “No one will thank you for taking care of the present
if you have neglected the future.”
29
We are in the midst of a once-in-a-generation
transformation. Change is not optional.
Leverage an organizational change
management methodology that
recognizes the need for business agility.
While change may be difficult to
achieve, building a digital sense
of urgency is increasingly easy to
accomplish.
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT: A MAKE OR BREAK CAPABILITY FOR DIGITAL SUCCESS 11
Footnotes
1	 Christine Zhen-Wei Qiang and Carlo Rossotto, Chapter 3 of Information and
Communications for Development 2009, The World Bank, http://siteresources.
worldbank.org/EXTIC4D/Resources/IC4D_Broadband_35_50.pdf, and Carlo
Rossotto, “A Digital Leap for the Arab Wold,” The World Bank, Feb. 5, 2014, http://
www.worldbank.org/en/news/opinion/2014/02/05/a-digital-leap-for-the-arab-world.
2	 Klaus Schwab, “Will the Fourth Industrial Revolution Have a Human Heart?” World
Economic Forum, Oct. 27, 2015, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/10/will-the-
fourth-industrial-revolution-have-a-human-heart-and-soul/.
3	 “People – Not Just Machines – Will Power Digital Innovation,” Cognizant
Technology Solutions, April 2016, https://latestthinking.cognizant.com/content/
dam/Cognizant_Dotcom/article_content/digital/People-Not-Just-Machines-Will-
Power-Digital-Innovation-codex1850.pdf.
4	 Michael Bloch, Sven Blumberg and Jurgen Laartz, “Delivering Large-Scale IT
Projects On-Time, On-Budget, and On-Value,” McKinsey & Co., October 2012,
http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/business_technology/delivering_large-scale_it_
projects_on_time_on_budget_and_on_value; “Why Change Management?” Prosci,
https://www.prosci.com/change-management/why-change-management;
Ron Ashkenas, “Change Management Needs to Change,” Harvard Business Review,
April 16, 2013, https://hbr.org/2013/04/change-management-needs-to-cha;
Shane Hastie, Stephane Wojewoda, “Standish Group 2015 Report,” InfoQ, Oct. 4,
2015, https://www.infoq.com/articles/standish-chaos-2015.
5	 Andrea Ovans, “What We Know, Now, About the Internet’s Disruptive Power,”
Harvard Business Review, Jan. 28, 2015, https://hbr.org/2015/01/what-we-know-
now-about-the-internets-disruptive-power.
6	 Klaus Schwab, “The Fourth Industrial Revolution,” World Economic Forum,
https://www.weforum.org/pages/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-by-klaus-schwab.
7	 Wikipedia entry on list of countries by number of mobile phones in use, https://
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_mobile_phones_in_use.
8	 Malcolm Frank, “Don’t Get SMACked: How Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud
Technologies Are Reshaping the Enterprise,”Cognizant Technology Solutions,
November 2012, http://www.cognizant.com/InsightsWhitepapers/dont-get-
smacked.pdf.
9	 Manish Bahl, “An Open Letter to CEOs on Digital Transformation,” The Center for
the Future of Work, July 1, 2015, http://www.futureofwork.com/article/details/an-
open-letter-to-ceos-on-digital-transformation.
10	 “FANG Stocks,” Investopedia, http://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fang-stocks-fb-
amzn.asp.
11	 Malcolm Frank, Paul Roehrig and Ben Pring, Code Halos: How the Digital Lives
of People, Things, and Organizations are Changing the Rules of Business, Wiley,
2014, http://www.amazon.co.uk/Code-Halos-Organizations-Changing-Business/
dp/1118862074.
12	 Michael Bloch, Sven Blumberg and Jürgen Laartz, “Delivering Large-Scale IT
Projects On-Time, On-Budget and On-Value,” McKinsey & Co., October 2012, http://
www.mckinsey.com/insights/business_technology/delivering_large-scale_it_
projects_on_time_on_budget_and_on_value.
13	 Brian Solis, “The 2014 State of Digital Transformation,” Prophet, http://www.altim-
etergroup.com/2014/07/the-2014-state-of-digital-transformation/.
12 KEEP CHALLENGING January 2017
14	 “Being Digital: How and Why CIOs Are Reinventing Themselves for a New Age,”
Cognizant Technology Solutions, January 2016, https://www.cognizant.com/
content/dam/Cognizant_Dotcom/article_content/insurance/Being-Digital-How-and-
Why-CIOs-Are-Reinventing-Themselves-for-a-New-Age-codex1508.pdf.
15	 Manish Bahl, “Asia Rising: Digital Driving,” Cognizant Technology Solutions,
October 2015, http://www.cognizant.com/InsightsWhitepapers/asia-rising-digital-
driving-codex1403.pdf.
16	 Digitally Cognizant blog, http://digitally.cognizant.com/.
17	 Steven DeLaCastro and Tina Juillerat, “Digital Banking: Time to Rebuild Your Orga-
nization (Part III of III),” Cognizant Technology Solutions, February 2015, http://
www.cognizant.com/InsightsWhitepapers/digital-banking-time-to-rebuild-your-
organization-part-III-of-III-codex1266.pdf.
18	 Kotter International website, www.kotterinternational.com.
19	 For more on Cognizant’s organizational change management framework, see our
white paper “A Framework for Digital Business Transformation,” https://www.
cognizant.com/InsightsWhitepapers/a-framework-for-digital-business-transfor-
mation-codex-1048.pdf or visit us at our website, https://www.cognizant.com/
consulting/change-management.
20	 “People – Not Just Machines – Will Power Digital Innovation,” Cognizant
Technology Solutions, April 2016, https://latestthinking.cognizant.com/content/
dam/Cognizant_Dotcom/article_content/digital/People-Not-Just-Machines-Will-
Power-Digital-Innovation-codex1850.pdf.
21	 Interactive learning platform, www.umu.com; Google’s Primer micro-learning
platform, https://www.yourprimer.com/.
22	 Mentimeter website, https://www.mentimeter.com/.
23	 Find out more about Cognizant’s techquariums at https://www.cognizant.com/
Techquarium and the Cognizant Collaboratory at https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=mJk_MuIAFF4.
24	 A gig economy is an environment in which temporary positions are common and
organizations contract with independent workers for short-term engagements.
25	 Workstride website, www.workstride.com; KudosNow website, www.kudosnow.com;
YouEarnedIt website, www.youearnedit.com.
26	 “Elevating the Digital Employee Experience,” Cognizant Technology Solutions,
August 2015, http://www.cognizant.com/InsightsWhitepapers/Elevating-the-Digital-
Employee-Experience-codex1487.pdf.
27	 Paul Roehrig and Ben Pring, “The Work Ahead: Mastering the Digital Economy,”
Cognizant Technology Solutions, September 2016, https://www.cognizant.com/
whitepapers/the-work-ahead-the-future-of-business-and-jobs-in-asia-pacifics-digi-
tal-economy-codex2255.pdf.
28	 GE Annual Report, 2000: http://www.ge.com/annual00/download/images/
GEannual00.pdf.
29	 Joel Barker is an author, speaker and futurist. For more information, see http://pre-
mierespeakers.com/joel_barker/bio.
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT: A MAKE OR BREAK CAPABILITY FOR DIGITAL SUCCESS 13
About the Author
Peter Steward is a Senior Director and Head of Cognizant Business Consulting
for the Middle East region based out of Dubai, specializing in strategy and
transformation consulting (program management, digital transformation, IT
advisory, people and organization and operational excellence). He has over 20
years of global consulting experience and speaks frequently on topics such
as strategy and change management. Peter graduated from the University of
Sussex with a first-class physics and management bachelor’s degree and holds
a Level 3 certificate in investment management (CFA). Peter can be reached at
Peter.Steward@cognizant.com | https://ae.linkedin.com/in/petersteward.
Acknowledgments
The author would like to thank the following people for their valuable contribu-
tions to this white paper: Manish Bahl, Senior Director in Cognizant’s Center for the
Future of Work; Lester Lam, who leads Cognizant’s Digital Works practice globally;
Steven DeLaCastro, who leads Cognizant’s “Bank of Tomorrow … Today™” digital
banking program; Venugopal K, who leads Cognizant’s Strategy and Transforma-
tion consulting for APAC; Wim Van Hennekeler, who leads Cognizant’s Strategy
and Transformation consulting for Continental Europe; and Alan Alper, Cognizant’s
Editorial Director.
14 KEEP CHALLENGING January 2017
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT: A MAKE OR BREAK CAPABILITY FOR DIGITAL SUCCESS 15
World Headquarters
500 Frank W. Burr Blvd.
Teaneck, NJ 07666 USA
Phone: +1 201 801 0233
Fax: +1 201 801 0243
Toll Free: +1 888 937 3277
inquiry@cognizant.com
European Headquarters
1 Kingdom Street
Paddington Central
London W2 6BD
Phone: +44 (0) 207 297 7600
Fax: +44 (0) 207 121 0102
infouk@cognizant.com
India Operations Headquarters
#5/535, Old Mahabalipuram Road
Okkiyam Pettai, Thoraipakkam
Chennai, 600 096 India
Phone: +91 (0) 44 4209 6000
Fax: +91 (0) 44 4209 6060
inquiryindia@cognizant.com
© Copyright 2017, Cognizant. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the express written permission from Cognizant. The information contained herein is subject to
change without notice. All other trademarks mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners.
Codex 2395
About Cognizant
Cognizant (NASDAQ: CTSH) is a leading provider of information
technology, consulting, and business process services, dedicated
to helping the world’s leading companies build stronger busi-
nesses. Headquartered in Teaneck, New Jersey (U.S.), Cognizant
combines a passion for client satisfaction, technology innova-
tion, deep industry and business process expertise, and a global,
collaborative workforce that embodies the future of work. With
over 100 development and delivery centers worldwide and ap-
proximately 255,800 employees as of September 30, 2016,
Cognizant is a member of the NASDAQ-100, the S&P 500, the
Forbes Global 2000, and the Fortune 500 and is ranked among
the top performing and fastest growing companies in the world.
Visit us online at www.cognizant.com or follow us on
Twitter: Cognizant.

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Organizational Change Management: A Make or Break Capability for Digital Success

  • 1. Organizational Change Management: A Make or Break Capability for Digital Success As more businesses embark on digital transformation, they often underestimate the impact of these initiatives on their operational structure, culture and employees. If not properly managed, the substantial organizational change that digital entails can jeopardize expected returns on investment and program success.
  • 2. 2 KEEP CHALLENGING January 2017 Executive Summary From start-ups to government institutions, digital is a disruptive force. The former are encroaching on the territories of long-established organizations, and the latter are recognizing the beneficial impacts of digital on citizens and even gross domestic product (GDP).1 When it comes to digital change, many organizations focus on external factors, such as the customer experience and new revenue streams. However, internal changes are just as crucial for digital transformation to succeed, including new skills, employee behaviors, organizational structures and corporate culture. In fact, traditional organizational hierarchies can be an obstacle to moving toward the new ways of working needed in the digital age, particularly as small, agile and innovation-minded players move quickly to win market share from established organizations. As Klaus Schwab, founder and executive chairman at the World Economic Forum explains, “In the future, it will not be the big fish that eats the small fish, it will be the fast fish that eats the slow fish.”2 In our own recent research on the digital workforce, conducted with the
  • 3. ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT: A MAKE OR BREAK CAPABILITY FOR DIGITAL SUCCESS 3 Economist Intelligence Unit, we found many companies beginning to transition away from rigid organizational models to smaller and nimbler clusters of talent with expertise to excel in a particular market or niche.3 Multiple studies over the years have highlighted the significant failure rates associated with traditional change initiatives, but what about the change associated with digital transformation?4 According to some leading thinkers, the question of organizational change in the current digital age is the most important of all; as Harvard Business Review senior editor Andrea Ovans says, “The question we should be asking is not what utterly unpredictable new things will turn up to annihilate your businesses but what form of organization is appropriate to capitalize on them.”5 This white paper explores how and why effective organizational change management is a make-or-break issue in this digital age. It further identifies some of the challenges of managing digital change, with recommendations on how to address them.
  • 4. 4 KEEP CHALLENGING January 2017 Digital Dominates the Global Agenda At the 2016 Davos World Economic Forum, digital graduated to the main stage, and was named as key to the “Fourth Industrial Revolution” by the event’s organizers. 6 We have been tracking the rise of digital since 2010, and helping our clients to define and execute on their digital strategies. Common questions we hear include, “What is digital?” “What should we be doing in terms of digital?” “What are the main digital challenges we should anticipate?” “How can we manage the transition?” These questions are considered below, leveraging our primary research, our own experience across industries and secondary research. Defining Digital To clarify, digital is not entirely new. We are all familiar with Web and mobile channels, as well as the predictive analytics used by Amazon to make recommen- dations based on customers’ purchasing histories. Mobile use is rampant; in Hong Kong alone, there were 2.4 active mobile connections per citizen in 2015. 7 Cloud is also widely used today – think Google’s Gmail delivered through a browser. Over a billion people use Facebook, and collaboration tools such as Yammer are quickly being integrated into the corporate domain. So if digital technology is not new, then why all the commotion? The answer is that with the onslaught of these digital technologies, customer (and employee) experience expectations have skyrocket- ed. Just as important, when these digital elements are combined – such as social, mobile, analytics and cloud (aka, the SMAC Stack 8 ), Internet of Things (IoT), 3-D printing, artificial intelligence (AI) and more – within the right governance structure, then business and IT processes can be transformed. While no standard definition of digital exists, it clearly goes beyond implementing the technology itself; organizations are placing the customer, the mobile device, the revamped business process or the new business model at the center of change, thereby improving the customer experience, organizational agility, and the revenue and cost outcomes by connecting the physical world to the digital. In summary, we define digital as “innovation to connect technology, data science, devices, design and business strategy to change a business process or customer experience.” 9 Consider the music industry, in which established labels have been disrupted by innovators like Pandora that stream digital music via the cloud across multiple devices and use predictive analytics to personalize music offerings based on individual preferences. Success stories such as these – as well as Facebook, Amazon, Netflix and Google (sometimes called the FANG vendors 10 ) – are not isolated or random events but a result of the distillation and the meaning made of digital data (or the Code HaloTM ) that surrounds people, organizations, processes and “things.” 11 Consumers increas- ingly expect a consistent, personalized and seamless experience across platforms, products, promotions, prices and policies, and these companies deliver them. While no standard definition of digital exists, it clearly goes beyond implementing the technology itself; organizations are placing the customer, the mobile device, the revamped business process or the new business model at the center of change.
  • 5. ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT: A MAKE OR BREAK CAPABILITY FOR DIGITAL SUCCESS 5 But while digital-native businesses such as these are able to design and build from the ground up, it is more difficult for long-established organizations to transform. This is where organizational change management for the digital era comes in. Assessing the Criticality of Change Management The failure rate for traditional technology change is widely understood to be over 50%; 12 since digital transformation impacts entire organizations, including structures and cultures, the challenge is likely even greater. In our experience, successful change is more likely when the need for change, the capability to change and the vision of a better future outweigh the emotional, personal and financial cost of the change (see Figure 1). Organizational culture and lessons learned from past change initiatives are important considerations; according to some experts, corporate culture outranks organizational silos and budget limitations as the greatest challenge to digital efforts. 13 Navigating Change In order to navigate a successful digital transformation journey, organizations need to first understand and define what digital means to them, and identify the specific opportunity that digital represents. A cookie-cutter approach to digital is rarely recommended, as needs and opportunities vary dramatically across organi- zations. Because digital affects all areas of the organization – and requires partici- pation from stakeholders across the enterprise – effective change networks are needed to distribute and disseminate the change efforts. The Mathematics of Change Management Figure 1 X X > + The conditions that need to be established and maintained to enable change: Need for change Vision of a better future Capability to change Emotional/ personal cost Financial cost According to some experts, corporate culture outranks organizational silos and budget limitations as the greatest challenge to digital efforts.
  • 6. 6 KEEP CHALLENGING January 2017 To navigate digital change, organiza- tions need to: • Assess where digital and change leadership skills exist today and bring them together in cross-functional groups governed by a digital council. The groups should operate according to a defined charter with the involvement of senior digital leadership. • Build the business case. There is no lack of supporting materials to quickly identify the “burning platform” relevant for each industry. Businesses need to define the digital and change capabilities that are needed and assess their cur- rent maturity against these findings. Communicating the capability gaps can be an effective tool for business and IT alignment. • Identify digital initiatives that bridge capability gaps. These initiatives need to be communicated widely, using creative mechanisms such as vision videos, pop-up stands in reception areas, vibrant brands, microsites and participative opportunities for employees at all levels to engage in. Change Requires Top Leadership Digital responsibilities, when not directly assumed by the CEO, are often assigned to others in the C suite, such as the chief information officer, chief technology officer, chief financial officer or chief marketing officer. Shared responsibilities may be the right option for some organizations; no matter which approach is taken, however, we believe it is imperative to have dedicated leadership that is empowered to connect across all stakeholders; break down organizational silos; define the digital strategy; design the operating model and customer journeys; manage skills, capa- bilities and resourcing needs; make sense of digital data; promote a digital-first and innovative culture; set up the digital office; ensure cybersecurity; monitor digital value; realign reward structures; and address the many other aspects that result from digital change. In our survey of 200 CIOs and IT leaders across the U.S. in late 2015, 42% of respon- dents identified the CEO as leading digital initiatives, while 24% indicated the CIO, and 20% the CFO. Strong collaboration between the CIO and CMO was highlighted as a key success criteria, since a major portion of digital funding typically comes from marketing and IT budgets. 14 In another recent survey of more than 300 C-level executives and direct reports across Asia, we found as many as 70% plan to appoint a chief digital officer (CDO) within the next two to three years. 15 Because digital impacts most if not all major business and IT processes, it is best to define, document and assign transformation responsibilities as early in the initiative as possible. Forward-thinking companies make their organization-wide processes available to all employees, which drives engagement by helping people see how their roles fit into the overall strategy, keeping in mind that select processes may need to remain accessible only to authorized employees for reasons of security or competitive strategy. Championing digital from the top levels of the organization is paramount, and CEOs must get actively involved. This may include embracing a social media presence, such as Twitter or LinkedIn, or leveraging internal collaboration tools such as Slack, Yammer, Chatter, Jabber or blogs. Corporate leaders can share thought leadership on dedicated platforms, ensuring adequate resources are assigned to continually Because digital affects all areas of the organization – and requires participation from stakeholders across the enterprise – effective change networks are needed to distribute and disseminate the change efforts.
  • 7. deliver fresh content. 16 These activities will not only help leaders better understand digital channels, but they will also drive an open and transparent culture supportive of digital change adoption. A powerful idea for driving digital change is to provide all significant change ini- tiatives with a unique brand and online collaboration space. While this may be a major cultural shift for organizations accustomed to sharing information on a need- to-know basis, the end result – competitive differentiation – is worth the effort. After all, an intense customer focus – coupled with the ability to innovate and act quickly – is difficult for competitors to emulate. 17 Organizations should not forget to include digital natives along with more senior, tenured managers. As members of the millennial generation have entered the corporate world, they have introduced the expectation of internal collaboration and transparency, as well as mobility and use of their own devices. Millennials can be engaged to monitor the latest disruptive technologies, identifying both potential threats and possible partnership or acquisition opportunities. A powerful idea for driving digital change is to provide all significant change initiatives with a unique brand and online collaboration space. Quick Take In our view, organizational change management in the digital era must focus on the following: • Form a digital council, led by one or more col- laborative senior leaders, to define, sponsor and implement the digital opportunity and build an innovation practice. The initial operating budget for innovation and digital transformation initiatives could be set at 1% to 2% of revenue. • Develop a clear digital change vision. Assess both digital capabilities and change maturity, and define a roadmap to achieving the vision. Leverage the latest organizational change management methodologies that recognize the need for business agility, such as Kotter International’s Accelerate 18 or our own OCM framework, 19 supplemented with the latest digital tools to implement and sustain lasting change. • Use Agile methods to speed benefits realization, which will compound support for digital efforts. • Grow digital talent both from within the organiza- tion and by leveraging external support as needed. Incentivize the growth of digital skills, set clear digital goals, and appraise, recognize and reward employees who demonstrate they are working toward these goals. • Build a digital culture, including open and transparent communications from top leadership levels. Leaders should leverage company-wide collaboration platforms and e-learning techniques to encourage wider engagement through extensive communication of digital initiatives. Organizational Change Management: The Digital Difference ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT: A MAKE OR BREAK CAPABILITY FOR DIGITAL SUCCESS 7
  • 8. 8 KEEP CHALLENGING January 2017 Finding Digital Talent A major challenge for digital change is recruiting and retaining digital talent. In our recent research of over 420 decision-makers across the U.S. and Europe, 94% of respondents agreed that the digital skills gap was hampering digital transfor- mation. As a result, many companies are beginning to work with smaller, nimbler clusters of talent that serve a particular market or niche. Doing so requires a shift away from rigid, hierarchical organizational models, which would hamper efforts to access, team and co-create with global talent pools that sit at the edge of the organization. 20 Because of the vast need for training, approaches will shift from face-to-face, to more cost-efficient methods that are on-demand, online and based on mobile platforms, such as private YouTube or Vimeo channels. Other approaches include massive open online courses (MOOCs), including Coursera and micro-learning techniques that deliver content in short bursts on an as-needed basis via mobile learning platforms such as Umu and Google’s Primer. 21 While organizations must quickly establish digital talent, they also must balance speed with assurance that they are acquiring the right resources. Encouraging Acceptance Early in the program, leaders should identify influential indi- viduals who may be inclined to resist the proposed digital change, and be prepared to personalize benefits communications with these stakeholders, possibly at the senior sponsorship level. Inclusive, extensive and transparent com- munications will help encourage adoption of the digital strategy, by giving anyone who is interested an opportunity to be part of the solution. Adoption and enthusiasm can also be nurtured with digital methods that encourage audience participation, such as mobile-enabled real-time voting tools like Mentimeter. 22 Mobile SMS and WhatsApp channels can reach a wide audience, but organizations should be mindful that these approaches complement rather than replace the need for broader channel communications. To instill a culture of participative innovation, organizations can crowd- source and prioritize employee ideas, ideally on open voting platforms. Such platforms can also help to scale and rapidly monetize innovation ideas, thus further generating excitement and adoption. We have developed collaborato- ries and “techquariums” around the world to help organizations quickly trial innovations at lower investment levels than traditional technology procure- ment methods. 23 Quick wins and agile methods can also lead to faster benefits realization, which can speed acceptance. Shoring up Human Resources Leaders should be ready to answer tough questions from employees, such as the impact of digital automation and self-service initiatives on headcount, as well as the Many companies are beginning to work with smaller, nimbler clusters of talent that serve a particular market or niche. Doing so requires a shift away from rigid, hierarchical organizational models, which would hamper efforts to access, team and co- create with global talent pools that sit at the edge of the organization.
  • 9. ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT: A MAKE OR BREAK CAPABILITY FOR DIGITAL SUCCESS 9 need for additional talent resources, such as design thinkers, data scientists and more. With the continued option of sourcing talent from external providers, as well as the growth of the gig economy, 24 new talent acquisition may not always mean adding permanent headcount. To create individual accountability and ensure employees are focused on strategic priorities, managers should include digital objectives and measures in perfor- mance reviews, or organizations could even consider replacing the annual per- formance cycle with year-round recognition tools, such as WorkStride, Kudos or YouEarnedit. 25 No matter which approach they take, it is increasingly clear that the human resources function needs to play a major role in digital transformation, particu- larly in terms of the impact on organizational restructuring, talent recruitment, employee performance and corporate values. Forward-thinking HR leaders will actively support the digital change, recognizing the unprecedented opportunity to provide an enormous competitive advantage to their business. 26 Identifying a Methodology Many organizational change management methodologies are available that can be leveraged for digital. Most will mandate a strong change vision and sponsorship, followed by thorough change planning, managed implementation, and an approach to embedding the new ways of working into the organization to sustain lasting change. Looking Forward Digital is increasingly driving business performance today, and transform- ing business models across all industries. If organizations have not yet started to understand and embrace digital in a way that is relevant to their needs and strategies, they may already be on the path to extinction. In our recent research of more than 2,000 IT and business decision-makers in the U.S. and Europe, digital leaders already have a 160% advantage over laggards when it comes to digital. 27 While change may be difficult to achieve, building a digital sense of urgency is increasingly easy to accomplish. Orga- nizations should be mindful of the words of former GE Chairman Jack Welch: “When the rate of change inside an institution becomes slower than the rate of change outside, the end is in sight.” 28 If organizations have not yet started to understand and embrace digital in a way that is relevant to their needs and strategies, they may already be on the path to extinction. Early in the program, leaders should identify influential individuals who may be inclined to resist the proposed digital change, and be prepared to personalize benefits communications with these stakeholders.
  • 10. 10 KEEP CHALLENGING January 2017 Depending on where your company is in terms of digital maturity, we recommend the following actions: • Bring together digital stakeholders under executive leadership to develop and drive the digital vision. • Define an approach to encourage innovation, allowing all employees to partici- pate in strategic ideation, further ensuring engagement and adoption. • Develop a strong digital change vision, assess digital maturity and capabili- ties, and then leverage an organizational change management methodology that recognizes the need for business agility. • Use Agile methods for faster benefits realization, which further encourages support for digital efforts. • Grow digital talent from within, create digital champions and leverage external support as needed. Incentivize employees by setting clear digital goals, and then appraise, recognize and reward their efforts. • Build a digital culture, including open and transparent communications from the top, leveraging company-wide collaboration platforms and e-learning to extensively communicate digital initiatives. As futurist Joel Barker said, “No one will thank you for taking care of the present if you have neglected the future.” 29 We are in the midst of a once-in-a-generation transformation. Change is not optional. Leverage an organizational change management methodology that recognizes the need for business agility. While change may be difficult to achieve, building a digital sense of urgency is increasingly easy to accomplish.
  • 11. ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT: A MAKE OR BREAK CAPABILITY FOR DIGITAL SUCCESS 11 Footnotes 1 Christine Zhen-Wei Qiang and Carlo Rossotto, Chapter 3 of Information and Communications for Development 2009, The World Bank, http://siteresources. worldbank.org/EXTIC4D/Resources/IC4D_Broadband_35_50.pdf, and Carlo Rossotto, “A Digital Leap for the Arab Wold,” The World Bank, Feb. 5, 2014, http:// www.worldbank.org/en/news/opinion/2014/02/05/a-digital-leap-for-the-arab-world. 2 Klaus Schwab, “Will the Fourth Industrial Revolution Have a Human Heart?” World Economic Forum, Oct. 27, 2015, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/10/will-the- fourth-industrial-revolution-have-a-human-heart-and-soul/. 3 “People – Not Just Machines – Will Power Digital Innovation,” Cognizant Technology Solutions, April 2016, https://latestthinking.cognizant.com/content/ dam/Cognizant_Dotcom/article_content/digital/People-Not-Just-Machines-Will- Power-Digital-Innovation-codex1850.pdf. 4 Michael Bloch, Sven Blumberg and Jurgen Laartz, “Delivering Large-Scale IT Projects On-Time, On-Budget, and On-Value,” McKinsey & Co., October 2012, http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/business_technology/delivering_large-scale_it_ projects_on_time_on_budget_and_on_value; “Why Change Management?” Prosci, https://www.prosci.com/change-management/why-change-management; Ron Ashkenas, “Change Management Needs to Change,” Harvard Business Review, April 16, 2013, https://hbr.org/2013/04/change-management-needs-to-cha; Shane Hastie, Stephane Wojewoda, “Standish Group 2015 Report,” InfoQ, Oct. 4, 2015, https://www.infoq.com/articles/standish-chaos-2015. 5 Andrea Ovans, “What We Know, Now, About the Internet’s Disruptive Power,” Harvard Business Review, Jan. 28, 2015, https://hbr.org/2015/01/what-we-know- now-about-the-internets-disruptive-power. 6 Klaus Schwab, “The Fourth Industrial Revolution,” World Economic Forum, https://www.weforum.org/pages/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-by-klaus-schwab. 7 Wikipedia entry on list of countries by number of mobile phones in use, https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_mobile_phones_in_use. 8 Malcolm Frank, “Don’t Get SMACked: How Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud Technologies Are Reshaping the Enterprise,”Cognizant Technology Solutions, November 2012, http://www.cognizant.com/InsightsWhitepapers/dont-get- smacked.pdf. 9 Manish Bahl, “An Open Letter to CEOs on Digital Transformation,” The Center for the Future of Work, July 1, 2015, http://www.futureofwork.com/article/details/an- open-letter-to-ceos-on-digital-transformation. 10 “FANG Stocks,” Investopedia, http://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fang-stocks-fb- amzn.asp. 11 Malcolm Frank, Paul Roehrig and Ben Pring, Code Halos: How the Digital Lives of People, Things, and Organizations are Changing the Rules of Business, Wiley, 2014, http://www.amazon.co.uk/Code-Halos-Organizations-Changing-Business/ dp/1118862074. 12 Michael Bloch, Sven Blumberg and Jürgen Laartz, “Delivering Large-Scale IT Projects On-Time, On-Budget and On-Value,” McKinsey & Co., October 2012, http:// www.mckinsey.com/insights/business_technology/delivering_large-scale_it_ projects_on_time_on_budget_and_on_value. 13 Brian Solis, “The 2014 State of Digital Transformation,” Prophet, http://www.altim- etergroup.com/2014/07/the-2014-state-of-digital-transformation/.
  • 12. 12 KEEP CHALLENGING January 2017 14 “Being Digital: How and Why CIOs Are Reinventing Themselves for a New Age,” Cognizant Technology Solutions, January 2016, https://www.cognizant.com/ content/dam/Cognizant_Dotcom/article_content/insurance/Being-Digital-How-and- Why-CIOs-Are-Reinventing-Themselves-for-a-New-Age-codex1508.pdf. 15 Manish Bahl, “Asia Rising: Digital Driving,” Cognizant Technology Solutions, October 2015, http://www.cognizant.com/InsightsWhitepapers/asia-rising-digital- driving-codex1403.pdf. 16 Digitally Cognizant blog, http://digitally.cognizant.com/. 17 Steven DeLaCastro and Tina Juillerat, “Digital Banking: Time to Rebuild Your Orga- nization (Part III of III),” Cognizant Technology Solutions, February 2015, http:// www.cognizant.com/InsightsWhitepapers/digital-banking-time-to-rebuild-your- organization-part-III-of-III-codex1266.pdf. 18 Kotter International website, www.kotterinternational.com. 19 For more on Cognizant’s organizational change management framework, see our white paper “A Framework for Digital Business Transformation,” https://www. cognizant.com/InsightsWhitepapers/a-framework-for-digital-business-transfor- mation-codex-1048.pdf or visit us at our website, https://www.cognizant.com/ consulting/change-management. 20 “People – Not Just Machines – Will Power Digital Innovation,” Cognizant Technology Solutions, April 2016, https://latestthinking.cognizant.com/content/ dam/Cognizant_Dotcom/article_content/digital/People-Not-Just-Machines-Will- Power-Digital-Innovation-codex1850.pdf. 21 Interactive learning platform, www.umu.com; Google’s Primer micro-learning platform, https://www.yourprimer.com/. 22 Mentimeter website, https://www.mentimeter.com/. 23 Find out more about Cognizant’s techquariums at https://www.cognizant.com/ Techquarium and the Cognizant Collaboratory at https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=mJk_MuIAFF4. 24 A gig economy is an environment in which temporary positions are common and organizations contract with independent workers for short-term engagements. 25 Workstride website, www.workstride.com; KudosNow website, www.kudosnow.com; YouEarnedIt website, www.youearnedit.com. 26 “Elevating the Digital Employee Experience,” Cognizant Technology Solutions, August 2015, http://www.cognizant.com/InsightsWhitepapers/Elevating-the-Digital- Employee-Experience-codex1487.pdf. 27 Paul Roehrig and Ben Pring, “The Work Ahead: Mastering the Digital Economy,” Cognizant Technology Solutions, September 2016, https://www.cognizant.com/ whitepapers/the-work-ahead-the-future-of-business-and-jobs-in-asia-pacifics-digi- tal-economy-codex2255.pdf. 28 GE Annual Report, 2000: http://www.ge.com/annual00/download/images/ GEannual00.pdf. 29 Joel Barker is an author, speaker and futurist. For more information, see http://pre- mierespeakers.com/joel_barker/bio.
  • 13. ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT: A MAKE OR BREAK CAPABILITY FOR DIGITAL SUCCESS 13 About the Author Peter Steward is a Senior Director and Head of Cognizant Business Consulting for the Middle East region based out of Dubai, specializing in strategy and transformation consulting (program management, digital transformation, IT advisory, people and organization and operational excellence). He has over 20 years of global consulting experience and speaks frequently on topics such as strategy and change management. Peter graduated from the University of Sussex with a first-class physics and management bachelor’s degree and holds a Level 3 certificate in investment management (CFA). Peter can be reached at Peter.Steward@cognizant.com | https://ae.linkedin.com/in/petersteward. Acknowledgments The author would like to thank the following people for their valuable contribu- tions to this white paper: Manish Bahl, Senior Director in Cognizant’s Center for the Future of Work; Lester Lam, who leads Cognizant’s Digital Works practice globally; Steven DeLaCastro, who leads Cognizant’s “Bank of Tomorrow … Today™” digital banking program; Venugopal K, who leads Cognizant’s Strategy and Transforma- tion consulting for APAC; Wim Van Hennekeler, who leads Cognizant’s Strategy and Transformation consulting for Continental Europe; and Alan Alper, Cognizant’s Editorial Director.
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  • 16. World Headquarters 500 Frank W. Burr Blvd. Teaneck, NJ 07666 USA Phone: +1 201 801 0233 Fax: +1 201 801 0243 Toll Free: +1 888 937 3277 inquiry@cognizant.com European Headquarters 1 Kingdom Street Paddington Central London W2 6BD Phone: +44 (0) 207 297 7600 Fax: +44 (0) 207 121 0102 infouk@cognizant.com India Operations Headquarters #5/535, Old Mahabalipuram Road Okkiyam Pettai, Thoraipakkam Chennai, 600 096 India Phone: +91 (0) 44 4209 6000 Fax: +91 (0) 44 4209 6060 inquiryindia@cognizant.com © Copyright 2017, Cognizant. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the express written permission from Cognizant. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. All other trademarks mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners. Codex 2395 About Cognizant Cognizant (NASDAQ: CTSH) is a leading provider of information technology, consulting, and business process services, dedicated to helping the world’s leading companies build stronger busi- nesses. Headquartered in Teaneck, New Jersey (U.S.), Cognizant combines a passion for client satisfaction, technology innova- tion, deep industry and business process expertise, and a global, collaborative workforce that embodies the future of work. With over 100 development and delivery centers worldwide and ap- proximately 255,800 employees as of September 30, 2016, Cognizant is a member of the NASDAQ-100, the S&P 500, the Forbes Global 2000, and the Fortune 500 and is ranked among the top performing and fastest growing companies in the world. Visit us online at www.cognizant.com or follow us on Twitter: Cognizant.