How to avoid Plagiarism

1. BASED ON THE HARVARD STYLE
IONA SCHOOL DIARY, 2017
A Guide to
Or, how to avoid plagiarism!

2. Learning
Intentions……
 What is Plagiarism
 What is Referencing
 Why Reference?
 Types of references
 Styles of reference
 Examples
 Practice

3. Plagiarism
What do I already know?

4. What is referencing ?
 A referencing is a specific format for presenting in-text references a
Reference List and a Bibliography.
Reference :
 The action of mentioning or referring to something or,
 The use of a source of information in
order to validate something.

5. Know your terminology
 IN-TEXT REFERENCING - acknowledging sources of
information within the body of your work.
 REFERENCE LIST - a listing of all the sources of
information that you referred to in your essay or report.
Items on your reference list must also appear in your
in-text referencing.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY - a complete listing of all sources of
information which were relevant to the topic - even if
you did not refer to them in your report or essay.

6. Why reference ?
 It proves that substantial research has been done to
support our essay/report/assignment .
 Gives credit to other people's work .
 Avoids charges of plagiarism.
 It is necessary to support all significant statements.
 Used to indicate the origin of material & source for
research & further reading.

7. You must reference all images, tables, illustrations and
graphs taken from printed or internet sources, as well as
blogs, e-mails, wikis, conversations, TV and radio
broadcasts,
PLUS
all statements, opinions, conclusions, etc. taken from
another writer’s work, whether the work is directly
quoted, paraphrased or summarised.
What must I reference?

8. • When quoting directly from someone else’s work
(using an author’s exact words within quotation marks)
• When summarising a piece of writing (briefly stating
an author’s overall argument or viewpoint in your own
words)
• When paraphrasing an author’s thoughts or views
(putting them into your own words)
• When using images or data produced by another
When?

9. How do I do it?
 There are several referencing systems in existence: the approved
IONA system is the standard
A. Harvard system.
B. American Psychological Association style (APA) .
C. MLA citation style (modern language association).
What’s the difference?
 Not much
 Some differences in punctuation and formatting, but the goals are the
same! Know your style, and stick with it!

10.  References need to be cited in two different
places:
1. Where a document is referred to in the
text.
2. In a list at the end of the work, which is
arranged alphabetically by author then by
date. This author/date system of description is
referred to as the Harvard System
How do I do it?

11. Where do they go? What info is included?
1. In-text citations In-text citations occur within the
main body of your essay, report
or assignment.
An in-text citation gives brief
information about your source; the
author, the date, and the page
number (if appropriate).
2. List of
references
A list of references is included on
a separate page at the end of
your essay, report or
assignment.
The list of references gives full
details of your source and
provides enough information for
readers to locate it.
How do I do it?

12. In text referencing
(or Quoting within an Assignment)
 1. A direct quotation must be placed within quotation
marks followed by the author’s surname, the year of
publication and page number in brackets.
 E.g. “Around the world there are more than 1,000
active volcanoes” (Kerrod, 2000, p.18)
 2. An indirect quotation must also state the same
information but without the quotation marks.

13. Books (incl. Reference)
 Include the following information in this order:
 1. Author’s surname, (comma) initials. (full stop)
 2. Date, (comma)
 3. Title of book, (italics) (comma)
 4. Publisher, (comma)
 5. Place of publication. (full stop)
 E.g. Pugsley, C. 2000, The Anzacs at Gallipoli, Lothian
Books, Melbourne.

15. https://youtu.be/NDgqqPvMn0U

16. http://www.citethisforme.com/au/re
ferencing-generator/harvard

17. REFERENCING TIPS
 Open a word doc and keep a list of all the websites, books, sources you have used
looked at.
 This will form your bibliography.
 Don’t try to reference as you write.
 Write the assignment/report first, include small reminders of the source in brackets.
Eg: ‘Lillian Gilbreth is known as one of the first women to "have it all" - a career as well as twelve children.’
http://www.feministvoices.com/lillian-gilbreth/
 When you have finished writing it, go back and do your referencing.
 See page 156 of your College Planner

18. ONE HAS TO PRACTISE IT!
REMEMBER