de faire le point sur les technologies/tendances qui permettent d'améliorer la fiabilité des éoliennes avec un focus sur la maintenance des pâles éoliennes. Seront présentées des Ce Innovations au niveau de la maintenance prédictive, des matériaux composites ou encore du rôle important de la formation (inspection et réparation de pâles).
Séminaire: Wind energy | Technifutur - 22 juin 2017
1.
2. Program
• 14:00 Introduction Tweed and Edora
• 14:30 Rotor blade inspection and repair: not costing but
saving money, ... and we teach you how
• 15:15 Break
• 15:45 Condition-based maintenance and inspection: key
topic to ensure availability of your turbines
• 16:15 BZEE Academy GmbH: Ready for your lesson? Train the
Trainer Wind Turbine Technician and certification
• 16:30 Presentation of the training courses that we can offer
• 17:00 Drink
3. T ECH NIF UT UR®
A t o o l C O N T R I B U T I N G
T O T H E l o c a l d e v e l o p m e n t
5. M A I N A C T I V I T I E S
I N D U ST RY
AS S E M B LY
I C T & I M A G E
H U M A N D E V E L O P M E N T
6. I N 1 4 A R E A S
o f E X P E R T I S E
ACTIV
E
C O M P E T E N C E C E N T E R
7. A V I A T I O N
A S S E M B L Y
M A C H I N I N G
M I C R O - T E C H N O L O G Y
E N E R G Y A N D
E N V I R O N M E N T
A U T O M A T I O N
C A D C A M
E L E C T R I C I T Y
A N D P N E U M A T I C S
M A T E R I A L S
A N D S U R F A C E S
M A I N T E N A N C E
M A N A G E M E N T
I C T
I M A G E E T M U LT I M E D I A
I N S P E C T I O N A N D
M E A S U R E M E N T
8. O U R P U B L I C
J O B S E E K E R S
W O R K E R S
T E A C H E R S A N D
S T U D E N T S
K I D S
15. 2nd largest form of power capacity in the EU
The wind energy in EU
Cumulative power capacity in the EU (2005-2016)
Edora - Transition vers une nouvelle ère énergétique
16. 51% of the new power capacity = from wind
The wind energy in EU
In the EU, 2016
• 12.5 GW of new wind capacity
• Almost 300 TWh from wind = 10.4% of the EU’s
electricity demand
• €27.5 billion invested
• 300,000 jobs in the sector
• €72 billion in annual turnover
• 40% of all wind turbines sold globally
Edora - Transition vers une nouvelle ère énergétique
17. Net electricity installations from 2000 to 2016
The wind energy in EU
Wind energy sector:
more new installations
than any other
technology during the
last 16 years
Edora - Transition vers une nouvelle ère énergétique
18. Wind penetration rates in EU countries
The wind energy in EU
Belgium : 5,8%
Edora - Transition vers une nouvelle ère énergétique
20. Belgian wind energy sector growth
The wind energy in Belgium
Evolution of the Belgian
wind energy installed
capacity (MW)
• ~ 940 wind turbines (2.39 GW)
able to cover the annual power consumption
of ~ 1.5 million households
21. Projects in development in Wallonia
The wind energy in Belgium
Comparison of installed
and planned capacities
(MW)
• Promising future development
• Legal security is a major challenge even if
more than 80% of the population is in favor
of wind energy
750
1103
304
392
Installations
Projects in the pipeline
Authorized projects
Projects in appeal procedures
22. Where are the wind turbines located in Wallonia?
The wind energy in Belgium
24. Expected future development in Wallonia
The wind energy in Belgium
Expected future installations
(MW) according to political
commitments
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0 2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
• The Walloon government has committed to
meet ambitious targets (about 15% of
electricity consumption from wind energy in
2030)
25. Challenges of the Belgian energy transition
Conclusions
The wind energy sector in Europe and in Belgium
• To ensure the security of supply even after the nuclear phase- out
planned for 2025
• To maximise the energy efficiency
• To find the good balance in the future renewable energy mix
• To reach a more flexible energy system
• To promote the demand side response
• To maximise the social welfare while optimizing the answer to
energy,socio-economic and environmentchallenges
26. Cluster Technology of
Wallonia Energy, Environment
and sustainable Development
1
TWEED Cluster
Sustainable Energy Cluster
Focus: Wind Energy Industry
27. WHAT ARE WE DOING ?
2
Our first mission is to pave the way for the setting up of
high quality and industrial-size projects in the fields of
production and exploitation of sustainable energy.
28. WHAT ARE WE DOING ?
3
• Networking between industrial or commercial companies and others
actors of sustainable energy sectors.
• Reactive and proactive approaches in order to stimulate new
projects.
• Set-up technical support and management of projects.
• Promote networking by organizing specific events, general
meetings, workshops, bilateral meetings, face-to-face meetings,
visits to companies,...
• Carrying out industry, technical, market and economic studies on
sustainable energy sector.
• Participation in European projects
• Local and international promotion of members.
• Develop synergies with other actors of sustainable energy sectors
(clusters,...).
30. www.ReWallonia.be
Find the technological players of the renewable energy sector in
Wallonia and Brussels.
In total, ReWallonia represent more than 350 organizations.
Thanks to a structured navigation and a search engine, it is very easy to
identify and contact an organization.
5
International Promotion
What we’ve done for Wind - examples !
47. 2050 – An Energetic Odyssey
version 1.0-2017
7 Source: H+N+S Landscape architects | NORTH SEAS ENERGY FORUM BRUSSELS, 23 MARCH 2017
25,000
OFFSHORE WIND
TURBINES
(90% OF ELECTRICITY
DEMAND)
48. How does a wind turbine work?
version 1.0-2017
8
Aerodynamics
Forces acting on the rotor:
• Torsion
𝑃 = 𝑄 × 𝑛
Where P= power
Q=torque
n= rotation speed
• Thrust:
49. How does a blade work?
• Complex forces
acting on a blade
• F is the usefull
component
• The tip does the
work
version 1.0-2017
9
50. How does a blade get damaged?
Lightning strikes
version 1.0-2017
10
51. How does a blade get damaged?
Bonded joint failure
version 1.0-2017
11
52. How does a blade get damaged?
Erosion
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12
53. How to Profit from neglected Rotor Blade?
Power output = income
Loss of Efficiency = less output
A cause of loss = bad condition Rotor Blade
• Surface damage
• Contamination
• LE errosie
version 1.0-2017
13
54. How much efficiency do I lose?
Sandia National Laboratories:
2.5% @ nominal
>5% @ low wind speed
source:
University of Illinois
Applied Aerodynamic Group
version 1.0-2017
14
55. What does this mean?
Example
3 MW Turbine
No subsidy =0,07 €/kWh
2.200 full load hours
---------------------------------
Normal Yield:
462,000.-- €/year
Expected loss after 5 years:
27,000.-- €/year 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1,0% 3,5% 6,0% 8,5% 11,0% 13,5% 16,0% 18,5%
€loss/year(x1000)
% loss
AEP loss
version 1.0-2017
15
56. QA - PDCA
version 1.0-2017
16
Production
(New minimum)
Damage
(Loss of Power)
Inspection
Repair
(Loss of money)
57. QA - PDCA
version 1.0-2017
17
Production
(New minimum)
Damage
(Loss of Power)
Inspection
Repair
(Loss of money)
Knowledge1
58. QA - PDCA
version 1.0-2017
18
Knowledge
Experience
1
2
Production
(New minimum)
Damage
(Loss of Power)
Inspection
Repair
(Loss of money)
59. Production
(New minimum)
Damage
(Loss of Power)
Inspection
Repair
(Loss of money)
QA - PDCA
version 1.0-2017
19
Knowledge
Experience
Quality
Licensed partner BZEE
1
2
3
60. Rotor Blade Technician Training
version 1.0-2017
20
Why do you need a rotor blade technician:
• Theory knowledge
• Practical knowledge
61. Rotor Blade Technician Training
version 1.0-2017
21
• Example 2 Structural repair of a lightning strike
63. Rotor Blade Repair Audit
version 1.0-2017
23
Rotor Blade Inspection
Rotor Blade Repair
Rotor Blade Repair audit
MISSION STATEMENT
Knowledge + good inspection + maintenance plan
= financial gains. And… we teach you how!
64. Rotor Blade Repair Audit
version 1.0-2017
24
Rotor Blade Inspection
Rotor Blade Repair
Rotor Blade Repair audit
2 days theory training certified by
BZEE
Subject Content Duration Investment
Basic
Inspection
Intro, Health and safety,
Aerodynamics, Strength,
Materials, Damages, Report
2 days
3)
• Participation is only possible if the Rotor
Blade Inspection is completed successfully
followed with a valid certificate 1)
• Price valid within 250 km of Leeuwarden 2)
• Actuall price http://epomat.com
65. Rotor Blade Repair Audit
version 1.0-2017
25
Rotor Blade Inspection
Rotor Blade Repair
Rotor Blade Repair audit
2 days theory training certified by
BZEE
7 days workshop including 2 days
of theory certified by BZEE
Subject Content Duration Investment
Basic
Inspection
Intro, Health and safety,
Aerodynamics, Strength,
Materials, Damages, Report
2 days
3)
Repair
Theory
Rules and regulation,
materials, production,specific
equipment, health and safety
2 days
Repair
Workshop
GRP, FRP, Polyester, Epoxy,
Vacuum, infusion, Pre-preg
demo, LE, Glues, Coatings
5 days 1), 3)
• Participation is only possible if the Rotor
Blade Inspection is completed successfully
followed with a valid certificate 1)
• Price valid within 250 km of Leeuwarden 2)
• Actuall price http://epomat.com
66. Rotor Blade Repair Audit
version 1.0-2017
26
Rotor Blade Inspection
Rotor Blade Repair
Rotor Blade Repair audit
Two days theory training certified
by BZEE
7 days workshop including 2 days
of theory certified by BZEE
Full independent audit including
audit report with recommendations
certified by epoMAT
Subject Content Duration Investment
Basic
Inspection
Intro, Health and safety,
Aerodynamics, Strength,
Materials, Damages, Report
2 days
3)
Repair
Theory
Rules and regulation,
materials, production,specific
equipment, health and safety
2 days
Repair
Workshop
GRP, FRP, Polyester, Epoxy,
Vacuum, infusion, Pre-preg
demo, LE, Glues, Coatings
5 days
1), 3)
Field Repair
Audit
Full independent audit
including audit report with
recommendations
1 day
2), 3)
• Participation is only possible if the Rotor
Blade Inspection is completed successfully
followed with a valid certificate 1)
• Price valid within 250 km of Leeuwarden 2)
• Actuall price http://epomat.com
67. Rotor Blade Repair Audit
version 1.0-2017
27
Business Development
Assist in the establishment and training of your
Rotor Blade Division
Business consulting in
development of Rotor Blade
department certified by epoMAT
68. • Setting up Rotor Blade training centers in Benelux
• Periodic repetition rotor blade repair training
– Digital and distance learning
– Virtual Reality
• Establish a label for small wind turbines (< 10 mtr.)
• Establish our own online epoMAT academy.
Outlook 2017 epoMAT
version 1.0-2017
28
70. AGENDA
• Wind turbines inspection’s : are they really important ?
– What is the purpose of these ?
• Main purpose
• Warranty contracts
– Which intervals ?
• EOW inspection’s
• Troubleshooting
• Periodical inspection
– What is the scope of the inspection ?
• Scope and Skills
• Deep inspection on critical components
• Achieve availability targets through online monitoring and planning/scheduling
– CBA on Condition monitoring system
– Example of planning and scheduling integration by CMMS implementation
• Question’s
71. AGENDA
• Wind turbines inspection’s : are they really important ?
– What is the purpose of these ?
• Main purpose
• Warranty contracts
– Which intervals ?
• EOW inspection’s
• Troubleshooting
• Periodical inspection
– What is the scope of the inspection ?
• Scope and Skills
• Deep inspection on critical components
• Achieve availability targets through online monitoring and planning/scheduling
– CBA on Condition monitoring system
– Example of planning and scheduling integration by CMMS implementation
• Question’s
72. What is the purpose of inspections ?
• Main purpose :
In view of high investment and operational costs, economical operation of
turbines is absolutely necessary, which means that downtime must be
minimized by :
– Checking the quality and performance of the turbines
– Determining the current technical status of the components
– Detecting and describing initial damage
– Helping to avoid secondary damaged to early detection
And all the 20 year design-life long.
73. What is the purpose of inspections ?
• Whatever the maintenance/warranty contract :
Attempting to get the truth on the assets long term performance not only reduces :
- the revenue made by the Turbine, but may also be
- reducing the life time of the Turbine
As the production of the Wind Turbines is dependent on a variable resource,
Analysing/Optimizing/Ensuring the Turbine is being
Managed/Maintained/Operated
is highly recommended.
75. Which intervals ?
• End of warranty inspection’s :
– Suggested process :
1. Confirm the date on which the warranty expires (claim deadline)
2. Complete the tender/scope of inspection/selection 10-9 months before
EOW period
3. Complete the inspections at least 3 months before EOW period
4. Estimate the cost of repair (parts, downtime, cranes)
5. Sort the list of findings and characterize (e.g. high, medium or low)
76. Which intervals ?
• End of warranty inspection’s :
– Suggested process :
6. Schedule a meeting with the OEM and share the list of findings
7. Work through each item by individual turbine with close action and
dates. Finalise the meeting agreement and ask a formal notification of
recognition
8. Items not agreed : share the inspection report. After discussion, the
issue should close, if not, proceed to a formal claim
9. Submit a Formal claim and append the original list of Items and the
EOW inspection reports
77. Which intervals ?
• Troubleshooting:
– Right technology for the right issue :
Measure the real state of the component to take good decision
Example :
Metal particules on the gearbox filter detected by technician
• Root cause analysis :
– Method : Combine vibration/oil analysis/borescope inspection to ensure a
complete diagnosis
– Objectives :
» Plan and schedule the maintenance in appropriate period
» Limit the downtime and recurrent failure
• Final observation : Poor oil quality and bearing fault on the oil pump
• Corrective actions : flushing and replacing bearing pump
• Preventive actions : Validate oil type with the OEM and oil sampling
(2x/year)
78. Which intervals ?
• Periodic inspection’s :
The Expert consulting committee of the German Wind Energy association guidelines
describes intervals has to comply with the installed capacity of turbines :
Wind turbine less than 300 Kw Every 4 years
Wind turbine from 300 to 1500 kW Every 2 years
Wind turbine above 1500 kW Annually
79. What is the scope of the inspection?
• Sub-divide the project into separate disciplines :
– Rotor blades
– Drive train
– General inspection
– Performance analysis
– Safety checks
– Critical assets
• Options to performing
– Self-performing
– 3rd party specialist
– Self-performing mixed with 3rd party specialist
Balancing cost over quality
80. What is the scope of the inspection?
• Basic/safety skills and requirements:
– Recognized working at heights certified training
– Risk assessments and method statements
– PPE
– Electrical certificate
– Operation/maintenance manual & experience
81. What is the scope of the inspection?
• Specialist skills/norm/tools
82. What is the scope of the inspection?
• Deep inspection for critical components
– Standard scope : Focus on major component
• Visual inspection on the full turbine (internal & external)
• Spectral vibration analysis
– Kinematic data’s
– At least 8 channels synchronous analyzer
– Alarm levels fixed following VDI 3834 norm
– ISO VIB 2 certified specialist
• Borescope inspection
• Oil analysis (hydraulic unit, gearbox)
• Laser coupling alignment
• IR thermography
• Optional : Grease analysis (Blade/main bearings)
• Optional : electrical measurment
Combined analysis = High quality diagnosis
83. What is the scope of the inspection?
• Deep inspection for critical components
– Modular scope : Failure mode and effect analysis
• Type of the turbine (splitted component)
• Event list/alarms
• Failure rate and downtime
• Severity x Occurrence x detection = Risk priority number
Continuous improvement :
Appropriate maintenance plan,
Inventory optimization,
adjustment of preventive and predictive
maintenance tasks
84. AGENDA
• Wind turbines inspection’s : are they really important ?
– What is the purpose of these ?
• Main purpose
• Warranty contracts
– Which intervals ?
• EOW inspection’s
• Troubleshooting
• Periodical inspection
– What is the scope of the inspection ?
• Scope and Skills
• Deep inspection on critical components
• Achieve availability targets through online monitoring and planning/scheduling
– CBA on Condition monitoring system
– Example of planning and scheduling integration by CMMS implementation
• Question’s
85. Achieve availability targets through vibration online
monitoring
Context :
We have listed all costs in links with :
• A major failure (crane mobilization)
• A minor failure (maintenance in nacelle)
for each mechanical component of the wind turbine.
Each cost indicated refers to a real case study for
a wind farm of 5 turbines of 1.5 MW
after 10 years of operation.
86. What are the benefit to predict failure on a main bearing by a CMS ?
Without CMS :
Unplanned
Planned maintenance
thanks to CMS
Main bearing Major Failure Spare parts € 25.000,00 € 25.000,00
Labor
(5000 €/D) € 35.000,00 € 33.950,00
-3% discount
Crane € 20.000,00 € 19.400,00
-3% discount
Looses due to
unplanned shutdown € 13.000,00 € -
13 Days to plan
Totat cost € 93.000,00 € 78.350,00
Benefit on the scheduling € 14.650,00
Remark : No Minor failure regarding a main bearing replacement
Achieve availability targets through online
monitoring
87. Achieve availability targets through online
monitoring
What are the benefit to predict a MAJOR failure on a wind turbine gearbox by a CMS ?
Without CMS :
Unplanned
Planned maintenance
thanks to CMS
Gearbox Major Failure Spare parts € 150.000,00 € 150.000,00
Labor
(5000 €/D) € 50.000,00 € 48.500,00
-3% discount
Crane € 20.000,00 € 19.400,00
-3% discount
Looses due to
unplanned shutdown € 13.000,00 € -
13 Days to plan
Totat cost € 233.000,00 € 217.900,00
Benefit on the scheduling € 15.100,00
88. Achieve availability targets through online
monitoring
What are the benefit to predict a MINOR failure on a wind turbine gearbox by a CMS ?
Without CMS :
Unplanned
Planned maintenance
thanks to CMS
Gearbox Minor failure Spare parts € 8.000,00 € 8.000,00
Labor
(5000 €/D) € 6.000,00 € 5.820,00
-3% discount
Crane € - € -
-3% discount
Looses due to
unplanned shutdown € 4.000,00 € -
4 Days to plan
Totat cost € 18.000,00 € 13.820,00
Benefit on the scheduling € 4.180,00
89. Achieve availability targets through online
monitoring
What are the benefit to predict a MINOR failure on a wind turbine generator by a CMS ?
Without CMS :
Unplanned
Planned maintenance
thanks to CMS
Generator
Minor failure DE
bearing Spare parts € 5.000,00 € 5.000,00
Labor
(5000 €/D) € 5.000,00 € 4.850,00
-3% discount
Crane € - € -
-3% discount
Looses due to
unplanned shutdown € 4.000,00 € -
4 Days to plan
Totat cost € 14.000,00 € 9.850,00
Benefit on the scheduling € 4.150,00
90. Achieve availability targets through online
monitoring
What are the benefit to predict a MINOR failure on a wind turbine generator by a CMS ?
Without CMS :
Unplanned
Planned maintenance
thanks to CMS
Generator
Minor failure
NDE bearing Spare parts € 5.000,00 € 5.000,00
Labor
(5000 €/D) € 5.000,00 € 4.850,00
-3% discount
Crane € - € -
-3% discount
Looses due to
unplanned shutdown € 4.000,00 € -
4 Days to plan
Totat cost € 14.000,00 € 9.850,00
Benefit on the scheduling € 4.150,00
91. Achieve availability targets through online
monitoring
Maintenance coste for the first 10 years of maintenance contract (5 Wtg’s – 1.5 MW)
Without CMS :
Unplanned
Planned maintenance
thanks to CMS
Benefit of the CMS
Main bearing
Number of major failure 2 2
Cost of major failure € 90.000,00 € 78.350,00
Number of minor failure 0 0
Cost of minor failure € - € -
Total cost € 180.000,00 € 156.700,00 € 23.300,00
GEARBOX
Number of major failure 1,5 1
Cost of major failure € 233.000,00 € 217.900,00
Number of minor failure 3 2
Cost of minor failure € 18.000,00 € 13.820,00
Total cost € 403.500,00 € 245.540,00 € 157.960,00
GENERATOR
Number of minor failure (DE) 2 2
Cost of minor failure (DE) € 14.000,00 € 9.850,00
Number of minor failure (NDE) 2 2
Cost of minor failure (NDE) € 14.000,00 € 9.850,00
Total cost € 56.000,00 € 39.400,00 € 16.600,00
92. Typical paint-points of the customer :
Cost Benefit Analysis on a wind farm (5 wtg’s 1.5Mw) during the 10
first years of maintenance contract
CMS Cost
Without CMS CMS implementation
Hardware € -
Vibration follow-up + quarterly analysis € -
Average Cost for 5 WTG’s
(Hardware + follow-up)
€ - € 75.000,00
Total cost by strategy € 639.500,00 € 441.640,00
Benefit on the prediction of fault € 197.860,00
Benefit on the avoiding downtime € 63.360,00
ROI 1,64
Spans (mounths) 22,74
93. Achieve availability targets through online
monitoring
Vibration online monitoring : Wind energy application :
• Multi synchronous channels (accelerometers, tachometers) for the best online
monitoring (Wired)
• Possible integration of Amps Clamps, T°c
• Automatic and continuous defaults detection
by frequency bands
• Alarm fixed regarding VDI Norm 3834
(Onshore WTG under 3 MW) and historic data base
• Integration of fault frequencies
(DB Wind already existing)
• Remote connexion through 3G/Ethernet TCP IP
• Automatic Alarm by SMS notification
• Low speed detection, order tracking
• Detected defaults checked by our certified engineers ISO 18436 ISO L2
• Periodical diagnosis by our engineers, even without alert
• Multi-technologies integration report (services, CMS)
94. AGENDA
• Wind turbines inspection’s : are they really important ?
– What is the purpose of these ?
• Main purpose
• Warranty contracts
– Which intervals ?
• EOW inspection’s
• Troubleshooting
• Periodical inspection
– What is the scope of the inspection ?
• Scope and Skills
• Deep inspection on critical components
• Achieve availability targets through online monitoring and planning/scheduling
– CBA on Condition monitoring system
– Example of planning and scheduling integration by CMMS implementation
• Question’s
95. Achieve availability targets through
planning and scheduling by CMMS
CMMS implementation : SCOPE on 61 E70 Enercon WTG (Italy)
1) Walkthrough:
Hierarchical structure based on ISO 14224
Division of categories (parts)
Define a code/category
Collect analytical from SCADA and operational manual
Collect analytical data from the substation
2) Document management:
Upload all the documentation on the CMMS manuals, details, etc…
3) Maintenance plan
Optimal frequency of maintenance action
Skills/Certificates required
Number of technician required
Estimated duration of the job
Classification typology of intervention
Localisation of the asset
Edition of work order
4) Warehouse implementation
Tools and spare parts
5) KPI implementation for the continuous improvement
6) Training on the CMMS