Doctoral Proposal - From goals to organisations: automated organisation generator for MAS
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The explicit organisational structure allows agent entrants in open multi-agent systems to know their positions in the organisation and cooperate to achieve mutual goals. In spite of its importance, there are few studies on automatic organisation generators that create explicit organisational structures for open systems. This paper introduces GoOrg, a proposal for automatically design organisations. Our approach uses as input a goals tree and other features such as necessary skills to achieve the goal, predicted workload and throughput. The output of GoOrg is a chart of a well-formed organisation. The generated structure, for instance, can be flatter or taller, accepting matrix connections or not, according to preferences whether there is a need for more coordination levels.
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Doctoral Proposal - From goals to organisations: automated organisation generator for MAS
- 1. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated organisation generator for MAS Cleber Jorge Amaral1,2 and Jomi Fred Hübner1 1Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) 2Federal Institute of Santa Catarina (IFSC) EMAS 2019 - 7th International Workshop on Engineering Multi-Agent Systems Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 2. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal Objetives Which one is the best? How to choose the best chart? Main objective: given goals and some extra information such as necessary skills, design an organisational chart with allocated resources. PCB Assembly Apply Paste Place components Soldering Components HeatPick and Place Print Buy Inputs Buy Components Buy Other Inputs PurchasePurchase PCB Production Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder PCB Assembly Apply Paste Place components Soldering Components HeatPick and Place Print Buy Inputs Buy Components Buy Other Inputs PurchasePurchase PCB Production Production ManagerPurchasing Coordinator Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder Purchaser Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder bob alice alice mary tom fred paul Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 3. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal Objetives Which one is the best? How to choose the best chart? To do so, it is expected to generate roles from the given inputs. PCB Assembly Apply Paste Place components Soldering Components HeatPick and Place Print Buy Inputs Buy Components Buy Other Inputs PurchasePurchase PCB Production Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder PCB Assembly Apply Paste Place components Soldering Components HeatPick and Place Print Buy Inputs Buy Components Buy Other Inputs PurchasePurchase PCB Production Production ManagerPurchasing Coordinator Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder Purchaser Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder bob alice alice mary tom fred paul Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 4. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal Objetives Which one is the best? How to choose the best chart? The roles will be structured as a chart, goals can be centralised in a role, as well as coordination levels can be created or removed. PCB Assembly Apply Paste Place components Soldering Components HeatPick and Place Print Buy Inputs Buy Components Buy Other Inputs PurchasePurchase PCB Production Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder PCB Assembly Apply Paste Place components Soldering Components HeatPick and Place Print Buy Inputs Buy Components Buy Other Inputs PurchasePurchase PCB Production Production ManagerPurchasing Coordinator Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder Purchaser Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder bob alice alice mary tom fred paul Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 5. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal Objetives Which one is the best? How to choose the best chart? Finally, resources will be allocated testing if the organisation is well-formed. PCB Assembly Apply Paste Place components Soldering Components HeatPick and Place Print Buy Inputs Buy Components Buy Other Inputs PurchasePurchase PCB Production Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder PCB Assembly Apply Paste Place components Soldering Components HeatPick and Place Print Buy Inputs Buy Components Buy Other Inputs PurchasePurchase PCB Production Production ManagerPurchasing Coordinator Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder Purchaser Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder bob alice alice mary tom fred paul Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 6. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal Objetives Which one is the best? How to choose the best chart? But which is the best organisational structure for the given problem? Components Welder Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder bob alice alice mary tom fred paul PCB Assembly Apply Paste Place components Soldering Components HeatPick and Place Print Buy Inputs Buy Components Buy Other Inputs PurchasePurchase PCB Production ? Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder Purchaser Purchaser Production cell supervisor Production cell supervisor Production cell supervisor Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder ? ? Production Manager Purchaser Full Assembler alice tom paul Assembling department Purchases department Components Welder tom fred Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 7. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal Objetives Which one is the best? How to choose the best chart? To produce thousands and heterogeneous PCB a wider structure of production cells could be suitable. Components Welder Components Welder tom fred Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder bob alice alice mary tom fred paul PCB Assembly Apply Paste Place components Soldering Components HeatPick and Place Print Buy Inputs Buy Components Buy Other Inputs PurchasePurchase PCB Production ? Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder Purchaser Purchaser Production cell supervisor Production cell supervisor Production cell supervisor Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder ? ? Production Manager Purchaser Full Assembler alice tom paul Assembling department Purchases department Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 8. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal Objetives Which one is the best? How to choose the best chart? In simple cases the structure could also be simple with multipurpose resources. Components Welder Components Welder tom fred Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder bob alice alice mary tom fred paul PCB Assembly Apply Paste Place components Soldering Components HeatPick and Place Print Buy Inputs Buy Components Buy Other Inputs PurchasePurchase PCB Production ? Production Manager Purchasing Coordinator Purchaser Assembling Coordinator Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder Purchaser Purchaser Production cell supervisor Production cell supervisor Production cell supervisor Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder Paster Applicator Components Placer Components Welder ? ? Production Manager Purchaser Full Assembler alice tom paul Assembling department Purchases department Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 9. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal Objetives Which one is the best? How to choose the best chart? According Pattinson et al. (1987) [4]: "Organisation design is the problem of choosing the best organisation class - from a set of class descriptions - given knowledge about the organisation’s purpose (goal, task, and constraints on the goal) and the environment in which the organisation is to operate". Burton et al. (2011) [1] defends that given necessary input, an organisational generator is able to give as output organisational aspects, such as, structure, goals definitions, strategy, how leadership will work, which reward system will be used, among others. Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 10. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal Automated organisational design by task planning Self-organisation generators Automated organisational structure generators Some relate research regard to multi-agent task planners. n Initial State System Description Goals Available Agents Available Resources Organizational Structure Organizational Scheme Organizational Norms Task Planner Agents' Plans System Execution Binded Agents-Roles Binded Resources Organization Designer Resources AllocationRoles Necessary Skills Goals with properties Predicted Workload Necessary Resources ... Organizational Norms Organization Necessary Skills Goals with properties Predicted Workload Works: DOMAP [2] Sleight’s agent-driven planner [6] Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 11. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal Automated organisational design by task planning Self-organisation generators Automated organisational structure generators Other approaches regard to self-organisations. n Initial State System Description Task Planner Agents' Plans Initial State System Description Goals Available Agents Available Resources Organizational Structure Organizational Scheme Organizational Norms Task Planner Agents' Plans System Execution Binded Agents-Roles Binded Resources Organization Designer Resources AllocationRoles Necessary Skills Goals with properties Predicted Workload Necessary Resources ... Works: [7] Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 12. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal Automated organisational design by task planning Self-organisation generators Automated organisational structure generators There is also what is very close to this proposal which are the explicit organisational structure generators. g. chart ments urces Initial State System Description Available Agents Available Resources Task Planner Agents' Plans Initial State System Description Goals Available Agents Available Resources Organizational Structure Organizational Scheme Organizational Norms Task Planner Agents' Plans System Execution Binded Agents-Roles Binded Resources Organization Designer Resources AllocationRoles Necessary Skills Goals with properties Predicted Workload Necessary Resources ... Init System Availa Availab Init System G Availa Availab R Neces Goals w Predict Necessa Works: ODML [3], KB-ORG [5] Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 13. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal GoOrg Approach Challenges Final remarks Finally, GoOrg has not roles as input since it will create the roles. The output can be very similar to explicit organisational structure generators, maybe adding organisation schemes and norms. g. chart Initial State System Description Goals Available Agents Available Resources Organizational Structure Organizational Scheme Organizational Norms Task Planner Agents' Plans System Execution Binded Agents-Roles Binded Resources Organization Designer Resources AllocationRoles Necessary Skills Goals with properties Predicted Workload Necessary Resources ... Organizational Norms Necessary Skills Goals with properties Initi System G Availa Availab R Neces Goals w Predict Necessa Neces Goals w Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 14. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal GoOrg Approach Challenges Final remarks Do it Test the concept and usefulness Evaluate it Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 15. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal GoOrg Approach Challenges Final remarks GoOrg can create explicit organisation structures which is specially interesting in open systems The result is a theoretically tested well-formed organisation This approach potentially can be connected in other designing process such as tasks planners The main contribution is to answer "which is the best structure for the given problem"? From designing point of view the contribution is on the creation of roles From engineering point of view the contribution is the design model which is splitting design and allocation. Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 16. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal GoOrg Approach Challenges Final remarks Burton, R.M., Obel, B., Desanctis, G.: Organizational design: a step-by-step approach (2011). https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511894961 Cardoso, R.C., Bordini, R.H.: A modular framework for decentralised multi-agent planning. In: Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Autonomous Agents and MultiAgent Systems. pp. 1487–1489. São Paulo, Brazil (2017) Horling, B., Lesser, V.: Using quantitative models to search for appropriate organizational designs. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems 16(2) (2008) Pattison, H.E., Corkill, D.D., Lesser, V.R.: Chapter 3 - instantiating descriptions of organizational structures. In: Huhns, M.N. (ed.) Distributed Artificial Intelligence, pp. 59 – 96 (1987) Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or
- 17. figs/logoufsc figs/logodas Introduction Automated organisation design Proposal GoOrg Approach Challenges Final remarks Sims, M., Corkill, D., Lesser, V.: Automated organization design for multi-agent systems. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems 16(2) (2008) Sleight, J., Durfee, E.H.: Organizational design principles and techniques for decision-theoretic agents. pp. 463–470. AAMAS ’13, International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, Richland, SC (2013) Ye, D., Zhang, M., Vasilakos, A.V.: A Survey of Self-organisation Mechanisms in Multi-Agent Systems. IEEE Transactions On SMC: Systems 47(3) (2016) Cleber Jorge Amaral Doctoral Proposal: From Goals to Organisations: automated or