“Selling Electric Vehicles to Canadians”
When it comes to EV barriers, Cara Clairman has heard it all: They’re too small, too unreliable, and might (shudder) run out of juice before you get where you’re going. In fact, her team has had literally thousands of interactions with would-be Canadian electric vehicle purchasers. What are the obstacles to EV adoption, both real and imagined? How might companies, advocates, and policy makers best address them? And where are Canada's EV hotspots, and why?
2. Canada’s
Transporta4on
Industry
Source: Statscan
21.8 million light duty vehicles
40 billion litres of gasoline/year
94 million tonnes of CO2/year
24% of Canada’s GHG emissions
result from transportation industry
3. $2.46
$2.54
$2.71
$2.75
$3.26
$5.05
$5.46
$5.70
$8.32
$15.34
$16.50
$18.76
$19.26
$21.23
Chevrolet
Spark
EV
Nissan
LEAF
smart
fortwo
Ford
Focus
EV
Tesla
Model
S
Chevrolet
VOLT
Toyota
Plug-‐in
Prius
Ford
C-‐Max
and
Fusion
Energi
Porsche
Panamera
S
E-‐Hybrid
Compact
&
Sta4on
Wagon
Subcompact
&
Midsize
Mini
Van
&
SUV
Full
Size
Pickup
Truck
Cost
to
Drive
per
100km
Trip
Source:
NRCan
Fuel
Efficiency
Data,
2013-‐2014
Assumes
off-‐peak
electricity
($0.14/kWh)
&
$1.30/L
gasoline
4. 1.7
1.8
1.8
1.9
1.9
2.3
7.1
9.4
9.2
13.3
30.0
32.3
37.7
36.7
41.6
Chevrolet
Spark
EV
Nissan
LEAF
Mitsubishi
I-‐MiEV
smart
fortwo
Ford
Focus
EV
Tesla
Model
S
Chevrolet
VOLT
Toyota
Plug-‐in
Prius
Ford
C-‐Max
and
Fusion
Energi
Porsche
Panamera
S
E-‐Hybrid
Compact
&
StaIon
Wagon
Subcompact
&
Midsize
Mini
Van
&
SUV
Full
Size
Pickup
Truck
CO2
Emiced
per
100km
Trip
Source:
NRCan
Fuel
Efficiency
Data,
2013-‐2014
Assumes
0.09684kg/kWh
generated
in
Ontario
&
2.35kg
of
CO2
emiced
per
litre
of
gasoline
5. 626
64
431
96
50
525
659
44
91
628
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Saskatchewan
Quebec
Prince
Edward
Island
Ontario
Newfoundland
New
Brunswick
Nova
ScoIa
Manitoba
BriIsh
Columbia
Alberta
CO2
emissions
(g)
per
kilowac
of
electricity
produced
InformaIon
based
on
2012
Electricity
Mixes,
except
Ontario
which
is
based
on
2013
data
6. Sustainability Winner
ENVIRONMENT
SOCIETY
ECONOMY
Electric
Cars:
• EVs
emit
up
to
90%
less
CO2
than
a
gas
car
• Electricity
is
as
much
as
80%
cheaper
than
gasoline
• Electricity
is
Locally
Made
• Charge
baZeries
at
night,
taking
advantage
of
surplus
baseload
electricity
And
don’t
forget
–
Air
polluIon
costs
Canada
BILLIONS
in
health
care
and
producIvity
losses
(CMA)
7. Plug’n Drive
Formed in 2008
Independent NonProfit Since June, 2011
Mission: Accelerate the adoption of electric cars to advance their
economic and environmental benefits.
Board of Directors:
David Collie - CEO, Electrical Safety Authority
Dennis Edell - CEO, Rain 43
Len Griffiths - Partner, Bennett Jones LLP
Jim Keech - CEO, Kingston Utilities
Don MacKinnon - President, PWU
Adele Malo – CEO, Malo Energy Consulting
Gaetan Thomas – CEO, NB Power
Carmine Marcello – CEO, Hydro One Networks Inc.
Tom Mitchell – CEO, OPG
Gerry Smallegange – CEO, Burlington Hydro
Lawrence Zimmering – CEO, AutoCapital Canada Inc.
TD
Video
9. EV
Days
2014
-‐Toronto
(May
24)
-‐Guelph
(June
21)
-‐Hamilton
(July
27)
-‐Vancouver
(Oct
28)
10. 1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Total
EV
sales
EV
sales
per
month
Canadian
EV
sales
by
Month
11. • Lack
of
knowledge,
familiarity
• Up
front
cost
• Lack
of
availability
–
makes
and
models
• Dealership
model
• Lack
of
infrastructure
(chicken,
or
egg?)
• Range
• Legal
• OEB
–
reselling
electricity?
• Municipal
by-‐laws
• New
Homes
• Condos
Barriers to Adoption
Incen4ves:
California
-‐
CAFÉ
standards
+
incenIves
-‐
extensive
infrastructure
Norway
–
incenIves
and
disincenIves
-‐
HOV
lanes
-‐
parking
-‐
large
tax
on
gas
cars