Regional context study for Raipur, studying the climate, location attributes, geological attributes, hydro-geological attributes etc for formation of housing strategies and options.

1. Regional Context of Raipur, Chhattisgarh
HOUSING OPTIONS & STRATEGIES - RAIPUR
Chetan Choudhary
Deobrat Kumar
SCHOOL OF PLANNING &
ARCHITECTURE, NEW DELHI
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING

2. HOUSING OPTIONS & STRATEGIES - RAIPUR
REGIONAL SETTING
SCHOOL OF PLANNING &
ARCHITECTURE, NEW DELHI
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING
LOCATION OF CHHATTISGARH
• Chhattisgarh is a state in Central India.
• The geographical location of Chhattisgarh is
• ··17 degree 46 min north to 24 degree 5 min north
latitude
• ··80 degree 15 min east to 84 degree 20 min east
longitude.
··Madhya Pradesh borders Chhattisgarh in the north
western part. Maharashtra borders Chhattisgarh on
the west and
··Andhra Pradesh lies in its south.
··Orissa is located in the eastern side.
··Jharkhand borders Chhattisgarh in the north
eastern part.
Location of Raipur :
lies between lat 19’57 to 21’53
north,
and longitude 81’25 to 83’38 east
District bounded by:
north – bilaspur district
south – koraput district of Orissa
east – kalahandi of Orissa
north east – sarangarh tehsil of
Raigarh district
south east – kurud district
 The state was formed on November 1, 2000 by partitioning 16
Chhattisgarhi-speaking southeastern districts of Pradesh.
 It is the 10th largest state in India, with an area of 135,190 km2 (52,200
sq mi). By population, it ranks as the 16th most-populated state of the
nation. The population density of the state per square km is 108.
 It is an important electricity and steel-producing state of India.
 Chhattisgarh accounts for 15% of the total steel producer of the
country.
 Raipur district covers an area 41775.45Sqkm which is 30% of
Chhattisgarh state.
 The Raupur tehsil covers an area of 9,374.85 Sqkm Which is 22.44% of
Raipur district.
 Planning area of the city is 188Sqkm and Municipal area 143 Sqkm
 At the time of the 2011 census, the population of the Municipal
Corporation area was 10.1 lakh.
REGIONAL SETTING

3. HOUSING OPTIONS & STRATEGIES - RAIPUR
REGIONAL SETTING
SCHOOL OF PLANNING &
ARCHITECTURE, NEW DELHI
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING
TOWARDS
MUMBAI
TOWARDS
KOLKATA
TOWARDS
VISHAKHAPATNAM
TOWARDS
BILASPUR
NH 6
MAJOR URBAN AREAS
 Raipur Urban Agglomeration
 Durg - Bhilai Urban Agglomeration.
 Rajnandgaon
ROAD WAYS
The region is well connected by 3 national highways and 3
state highways connection the region with major cities
 NH 6- connection Raipur to Mumbai and Kolkata
 NH 43- connection Raipur to Vishakhapatnam
 NH 200- connection Raipur to Bilaspur
 The three state highways in the region area SH 2, SH 7 and
SH 9 connecting Raipur with other parts of the state
 RAILWAYS
 The main Mumbai –Howrah railway line passes through the
region.
 The other railway lines are from Raipur to Bilaspur and
Raipur to Visakhapatnam.
AIRWAYS
Three airports in the region are:
 Swami Vikekanand Ariport which is around 13 km from the
city of Raipur in the South East.
 The two other small airports near Tilda and Jamul are
private.
RAIPUR, MAJOR LINKAGES IN REGIONAL CONTEXT

4. RAIPUR CITY AND ITS SURROUNDING
HOUSING OPTIONS & STRATEGIES - RAIPUR
REGIONAL SETTING
SCHOOL OF PLANNING &
ARCHITECTURE, NEW DELHI
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING
NATIONAL LEVEL PERSPECTIVE
·Naya Raipur falls within the East – west urban corridor .
·In the east-west corridor connecting Mumbai to Kolkata, Nagpur and
Nasik have developed as metropolitan region, but a gap has been
formed between Nasik to Kolkata.
·In central India, no metropolitan cities have emerged to cater the
service population. In the absence of Metropolitan region in Central
India, the prospect of Raipur–Naya Raipur City to develop as a major
metropolitan region is very high.
STATE LEVEL PERSPECTIVE
 At State level the maximum concentration of urban settlement is
along NH-6, which links Raipur and its surrounding region with
Eastern India to Western India.
 The corridor has been the major transportation route for raw
materials from the State of Bihar, Orissa and Chhattisgarh, which is
further transported to industrially developed area in the western
India.
 The major agglomerations in this corridor are:
 ·· Raipur Urban Agglomeration and Durg - Bhilai Urban
Agglomeration. The strong linkages can be seen in this corridor
where more than 40 percent of Chhattisgarh urban population
resides.
 The development along the section of NH-6 towards Raipur, and
Mahasamand is also formed. NH6 connects the state with Kolkata
and Visakhapatnam via Bheemunipatnam.
 Most of the urban settlements have come up due to easy connection
with Kolkata and Vishakhapatnam.
 ·Arang is also developing as major urban node in the corridor.
 ·Based on locally available resources, such as minerals,
forests, and agriculture, industrial growth has taken place
in the corridor with the establishment of cement, iron,
aluminum industry and production of energy.
 ·More than 600 large & Small-scale industries have been
established.
 ·Industrial estates at Urla, Siltara and Borai are located in
and around Raipur and Bhilai town.

5. IMPORTANT CITIES IN THE REGION AND FUNCTIONS
HOUSING OPTIONS & STRATEGIES - RAIPUR
REGIONAL SETTING
Jamul
Kumhari Raipur
Raipur
Durg Arang
SCHOOL OF PLANNING &
ARCHITECTURE, NEW DELHI
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING
Raipur acts as a multifunctional city. Within the state contiguous
urban regions are emerging cantered around Raipur City, Durg-Bhilai
and all other emerging or existing centres in the region are linked to
Mumbai and Kolkata with increasing fast rail and road transport.
Raipur and Durg have service and trade and commerce as the
dominant activity. Bhilai is still functioning as industrial town, where
more than 40% of workforce is engaged in industrial activity. Trade
and Commerce have also gained momentum. Jamul, Chaoni are
purely industrial town where about 70% of the total workforce is
engaged in the industrial activity. Kumhari has also shown its
orientation towards industrial
economic base.
Main functions of town Name of town
Services, trade and commerce Raipur, Durg and Tilda
Industry Bhilai, Jamul, Chaoni
Agro based Arang, Patan
Naya Raipur
Bhilai

6. HOUSING OPTIONS & STRATEGIES - RAIPUR
REGIONAL SETTING
SCHOOL OF PLANNING &
ARCHITECTURE, NEW DELHI
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING
PHYSIOGRAPHY
Relief and Topography
In general, the surrounding Region has a gentle topography
with slopes ranging between 0% to 5%. The maximum
elevation in the Region occurs close to Abhanpur in the
south (327m) whereas the lowest areas in the Region are
along the Kharun and Mahanadi rivers (257m).
Geography
Raipur is located near the centre of a large plain,
sometimes referred as the "rice bowl of India", where
hundreds of varieties of rice are grown. The Mahanadi
River flows to the east of the city of Raipur, and the
southern side has dense forests. The Maikal Hills rise on
the north-west of Raipur; on the north, the land rises and
merges with the Chota Nagpur Plateau, which extends
north-east across Jharkhand state. On the south of Raipur
lies the Deccan Plateau. Raipur is situated on Proterozoic
chandi formation of Raipur group comprising of limestone,
shale and sand stone. Rock formation of chandi formation
is exposed horizontally bedded with thick beds of lime
stone.
Soil
The zone comprises of alluvial soil in the Indogangetic plane
and some portions contain lateritic soils and also hilly
portion. The alluvial soil is very good for production of clay
bricks while in other parts laterite blocks are used. In the
hilly region, stone walling is made. The area is rich in
minerals.

7. Drainage Pattern
There are three main rivers flowing towards north and north-east
within the region. These are Sheonath on the west of Durg, Kharun
on the west of Raipur and Mahanadi at the extreme east of the
region. Besides these, Kulhan nala drains the area on south-east of
Raipur and joins Kharun river.
HOUSING OPTIONS & STRATEGIES - RAIPUR
REGIONAL SETTING
SCHOOL OF PLANNING &
ARCHITECTURE, NEW DELHI
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING
PHYSIOGRAPHY
Forest and Vegetation
The region has three reserved forests namely Bilari, Bilari Ghugat and
Khaudabari, but these forests are now degraded. There are some
protected forests in the region. A few patches of dense forest are
also observed close to Tilda. Further, social forestry plantations are
present throughout the Region wherein Eucalyptus and other local
species like Neem, Mahua and Sisham are observed. Other tree
species found in the Region consist of Peepal, Banyan and Mango
trees, particularly along tank bunds. Acacia species are seen
principally in the agricultural fields and in the upland stretches.
Hydrogeology
The rock formation comprising the lime stone, sand stone and shale
form the main repository of ground water in the area. Depth of dug
wells in the area varies from 7 to 21m, with diameter ranging from 2
to 6m. Depth of bore wells in the area varies from 30 to 120m, with
diameter from 0.10 to 0.15
MAHANADI RIVER
SHEONATH RIVER
KHARUN
RIVER
KHARUN
RIVER

8. HOUSING OPTIONS & STRATEGIES - RAIPUR
REGIONAL SETTING
SCHOOL OF PLANNING &
ARCHITECTURE, NEW DELHI
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING
CLIMATOLOGY
The climate of the state is mainly dry and hot. In the summer months,
the temperature is very high and the state is frequented by dust
storms. In the months of winter, very cold wind blows over the state.
Chhattisgarh receives a good amount of rainfall of 133mm as mean.
The state receives rainfall mainly from the South West monsoon
winds. The temperature varies between 30 and 47 °C (86 and 117 °F)
in summer and between 5 and 25 °C (41 and 77 °F) during winter.
However, extremes in temperature can be observed with scales falling
to less than 0°C to 49°C. The region has seen the highest temp
increase in past 100 years, of around 1 °C.
The predominant wind flow is from the southwest direction, except
during the post monsoon and winter months, when it comes mostly
from the northeast. The wind speed in general ranges between 2.9
km. per hr. to 8.69 km. per hr. considering that the mining and
industrial areas are mostly located to the north and west.

9. HOUSING OPTIONS & STRATEGIES - RAIPUR
REGIONAL SETTING
SCHOOL OF PLANNING &
ARCHITECTURE, NEW DELHI
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING
PHYSIOGRAPHY