1. Type 2 Mellitus
What?
How?
Why?
Shin Yie Chin
Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo
September 29, 2012 Internship in Luna Medical Care PC

2. What is it?
• Most common form of diabetes
• 25.8 millions in the U.S. have diabetes (2011)
• Body does not produce enough insulin OR
• The cells ignore the insulin
• Insulin: needed for the body to use glucose to
produce energy

3. Eat Food
Body breaks
down all the
HEALTHY sugars and
INDIVIDUAL starch into
GLUCOSE
INSULIN
GLUCOSE in takes
cells  GLUCOSE
make from the
ENERGY blood into
cells

4. Eat Food
Body breaks
down all the
DIABETIC sugars and
INDIVIDUAL starch into
GLUCOSE
GLUCOSE in INSULIN
blood  takes
HIGH BLOOD GLUCOSE
SUGAR from the
blood into
cells

5. Diabetes Complications
• Eye, foot, skin complications
• Heart Disease
• Mental health problems
• Hearing Loss
• Oral health problems
• Nerve Damage
• Kidney Disease
• Stroke
• Blindness
• Amputation
• Dehydration
• ………..

6. Causes?
• Lifestyle factors and Genetics
• Obesity – runs in
families, families tend to have
similar eating and exercise habits
• Bad eating habits, poor
diet, not exercising
• Genetics: runs in
families, already in your
gene, can’t change
• Lifestyle:
you can do something
about it!

7. http://www.metacure.com/about-diabetes-2/type-2-diabetes-mellitus-t2dm/

8. Risk Factors
• Ethnicity: More common in African Americans,
Latinos, Native Americans, Asian Americans,
Native Hawaiians.
• Age: risk begins to rise at about 45years old
• Family history
• Obesity / overweight
• Inactive lifestyle
• High alcohol intake
• High fat and
carbohydrate diet
• High blood pressure

9. Symptoms
• Frequent urination
• Unusual thirst
• Extreme hunger
• Unusual weight loss
• Extreme fatigue and irritability
• Frequent infections
• Blurred visions
• Cuts/bruises that are slow to heal
• Tingling/numbness in the hands/feet
• Recurring skin, gum, or bladder infections

10. Myths
• 1. Diabetes is not that serious of a disease.
– Fact: Diabetes causes more deaths a year than breast cancer
and AIDS combined. 2 out of 3 people with diabetes die from
heart disease or stroke.
• 2. If you are overweight or obese, you will
eventually develop Type 2 Diabetes
– Fact: Obesity is a risk
factor, but other risk
factors also play a role,
such as family history,
ethnicity and age.
Many overweight people
never develop type 2
diabetes.

11. Questions?

12. Thank you
for
your attention!