This document discusses telemetry, which is the automated collection and transmission of sensor data from remote or inaccessible sources to accessible data collection points. It describes several methods of data transmission including hydraulic, pneumatic, and electrical/electronic. It then discusses the basic components of a telemetry system including sensors, transmitters, receivers, and end devices. It provides examples of landline and radio frequency telemetry systems and describes modulation techniques used to transmit the sensor data wirelessly. Finally, it lists several applications of telemetry systems in fields like meteorology, oil and gas, space science, and more.

1. NITTTR Sec-26
CHANDIGARH

2. TELEMETRY
Submitted To Submitted By
Chandresh Kumar
Mrs. Ritula thakur ME.(E.E.I&C)
Roll No.141503(Modular)

3. CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. METHOD OF DATA TRANSMISSION
3. BASIC TELEMETRY SYSTEM
4. LAND LINE TELEMETRY SYSTEM
5. R.F.TELEMETRY
6. APPLICATION

4. INTRDUCTION
 Telemetry is the highly automated communication
process by which measurement are made and other
data collected at remote and transmitted to receiving
equipment for monitoring recording and analysis

5. Method of Data Transmission
 The method employed for data transmission depend
upon the variable& distance over which data has
to be transmitted
1. Hydraulic Transmission
2. Pneumatic Transmission
3. Electrical and electronics Transmission

6. GENERAL TELEMETRY SYSTEM
Primary
Sensing
Element
Telemeter
Transmitter
Telemeter
Channel
Telemeter
Receiver
Measurand
End Device

7. Type of Telemetry System
A. Land line Telemetry System
1. Voltage Telemetry System
2. Current Telemetry System
3 Position Telemetry System
B. Radio Frequency Telemetry System

8. Voltage Telemetry System
Transmitting Terminal Receiving Terminal
EEEEEEnb
Pointer on
scale
Bour
don
Null
balance
potentio
meter

9. R F Telemetry System
 (a) There is no physical link between Transmitting and Receiving
station
 (b) The transmitter comprises a RF modulator (AM or FM type,
depending on the performance, bandwidth and cost considerations)
and an amplifier.
 (c) The receiver comprises an amplifier and a demodulator (AM or FM
type as required to match the type of the modulator).

10. REDIO FREQUENCY TELEMETRY

11. Telemetry System
Telemetry system:
Collect data at a place (say microsatellite)
Encode, modulate, and transmit the data to a remote station (say ground)
Receive the data (on the ground)
Demodulate, decode, record, display, and analyze the data
11
Data collection:
sensors, signal
conditioners
Analog multiplexer
& analog-to-digital
converter
Synchronizer &
Demultiplexer
Data
processing
and display
channel
Modulator,
transmitter,
antenna
Antenna,
receiver,
demodulator
Digital multiplexer
Time tag
Data
Formatter
On-board
Storage

12. Modulation Schemes
 Modulation
 Variation of a periodic waveform to convey information
 Modulation Schemes
 Pulse Modulation
 Amplitude Modulation
 Frequency Modulation
 Phase Modulation

13. 13
Analog Modulation
Modulation: baseband signal → RF waveform
RF waveform: A cos(wt+f) where w is the carrier frequency.
Amplitude modulation (AM): vary A with baseband signal
Frequency modulation (FM): vary df/dt with baseband signal
Phase modulation (PM): vary f with baseband signal

14. 14
Digital Modulation
Methods:
ASK (Amplitude shift Keying)
FSK (Frequency shift keying)
PSK (Phase shift keying)
QPSK (Quadrature phase shift keying)
0 1 100

15. Multiplexing
When a series of input signals from different sources have to be
transmitted along the same physical channel, multiplexing is
used to allow several communication signals to be transmitted
over a single medium.
Frequency division multiplexing (FDM)
FDM places multiple incoming signals on different frequencies.
Then are they are all transmitted at the same time
The receiving FDM splits the frequencies into multiple signals again
Time division multiplexing (TDM)
TDM slices multiple incoming signals into small time intervals
Multiple incoming lines are merged into time slices that are
transmitted via satellite
The receiving TDM splits the time slices back into separate signals
15

16. TDM
A frame of data is formed for transmission
Sync word
Data words (slots)
Error check words
Must consider
Sampling rate
Slow and fast measurement data
Resolution and bit rate
Frame rate
16
signal 1
Commutator
Multiplexer
signal 2
signal N
TDM bit stream
Timing
Frame sync
frame
slot
sync

17. FDM
IRIG standard:
Proportional bandwidth (PBW): peak frequency deviation of
the subcarrier is proportional to the subcarrier frequency
Constant bandwidth (CBW): the deviation is constant
CCITT multiplexing scheme: FDM telephone signals
17
FM modulatorsignal 1
carrier f1
FM modulatorsignal 2
carrier f2
FM modulatorsignal N
carrier fN
Summer
FDM signal
A multi-tone signal is formed
Must consider
Frequency plan
Pre-emphasis

18. Military Communications Architecture

19. APPLICATION
1. Meteorology
2. Oil and gas industry
3. Space science
4. Motor racing
5. Agriculture
6. Water management
7. Swimming Pools
8. Defense, space and resource exploration
9. Rocketry
10. Flight testing

20. 1. Military intelligence
2. Energy monitoring
3. Resource distribution
4. Medicine/Healthcare
5. Fishery and wildlife research and management
6. Retail
7. Law enforcement
8. Energy providers
9. Falconry
10. Testing
11. Communication

21. THANK YOU