Gender roles and stereotypes that are socially constructed can lead to gender inequalities and violence against women. This violence exacerbates women's vulnerability to HIV infection by lowering their ability to negotiate for condom use or HIV testing with partners due to fears of triggering further abuse. Comprehensive sexuality education programs that provide accurate information about human sexuality and help develop relationships skills can help empower young people and reduce rates of violence and HIV infection, whereas abstinence-only programs promote harmful stereotypes. Advocacy goals include improved sexuality education, policies to address violence against women, and increased access to prevention and treatment services.