2. Professional Accomplishments
• He lectured, taught, set up counseling
centers.
• His dissertation: Personality Adjustment
Inventory. The publication was so
popular that in a span of 50 years it sold
over half a million copies.
Books:
• 1939: published his first book called The
Clinical Treatment of the Problem Child.
• Second book called Counseling and
Psychotherapy: Newer Concepts in
Practice.
• Client-Centered Therapy: It’s Current
Practice, Implications and Theory.
3. Professional Accomplishments
• 1956: Association for Distinguished
Scientific Contribution Award to psychology
• 1940s 1950s: president of the American
Psychological Association as well.
• 1961: he wrote one of the most influential
books, entitled, On Becoming a Person:
A Therapists View of Psychotherapy.
• 1964: Humanist of the Year
4. How Rogers Theories May Be
Used in Educational Practice
Therapy Teaching
Reflection- Mirroring of emotional Experiential learning: learning by
communication so the client doing and reflection by doing.
understands that the therapist is
listening and cares enough to
understand.
Self- actualization: « …man’s
tendency to actualize himself, to
Self Actualization Tendency= is the
become his potentialities. » If one’s
built-in tendency to develop in a
needs are meet, a person can
positive way. Those who have self-
achieve their full potential.
actualized have achieved
autonomy, self-sufficiency, and
Rogers believed open
personal growth.
communication and empowering
Ultimate goal, the client become
an individual was a key to self-
a person
actualization.
5. How Rogers Theories May Be
Used in Educational Practice
Client centered Therapy Learner-centered Teaching
The client should say what is wrong, As educational counselors, Roger’s
find ways of improving, and theory of “Person Centered
determine the conclusion of Therapy” may be very helpful in
therapy. guiding students to pursue their
strengths.
The client is in charge of their own
happiness
What is taught must be relevant to
the students, otherwise experiences
or materials that challenge the
organization of the self will be
rejected. This is done more easily if
there is no perceived threat to the
self.
6. How Rogers Theories May Be
Used in Educational Practice
Therapy Teaching
•“self-theory” = the client views •Teachers facilitate learning, You
himself/herself, and how through cannot teach directly. (similar to
therapy can help change their view Montessori)
and future.
•“Humanistic Psychology” = helping •By using Roger’s techniques of
the individual help themselves “Humanistic Psychology” counselors
instead of diagnosing. can help students help themselves.
7.
8. Humanistic Theory- Maslow
In addition to Maslow’s
hirarchical needs:
Need of an evironment that
provides the person
genuineness, acceptance and
empathy
9. How Rogers Theories May Be
Used in Educational Practice
Therapy Teaching
•Accepting the person without
•The person centered assumes that negative judgment of a person’s
each person has a need for basic worth
Unconditional Positive Regard =
acceptance, respect, sympathy, •Through creating a positive
and love regardless of relationship with the students the
performance. counselor has the opportunity to
instill, “conditions of worth” in his/her
students.
•the person is then valued for who
he/she is, not for what he/she does.
10. Pros Cons
Developed the “Person Centered Is everyone essentially
Theory” positive?
Rogers was the 1st to record/video Is everyone “trustworthy
tape sessions for educational purposes. Organisms”
Rogers “Actualizing
1st to refer to the person as a “Client” Tendency” is contradictory
instead of patient to his belief that people are
essentially good and
Coined the term “Self Theory” trustworthy.
“the core of man’s nature is The Idea of “Ideal Self”-
essentially positive”. (What I want to be) may be
very far from what is actual
and/or realistic.
13. References
Heppner, P. P., Rogers, M. E., & Lee, L. A. (1984). Carl Rogers:
Reflections on his life [Electronic version]. Journal of
Counseling and Development, 63, 14-20.
Kirschenbaum, H. (2004). Carl Rogers’s life and works: An
assessment on the 100th anniversary of his birth [Electronic
version]. Journal of Counseling and Development, 82, 116-
124.
Goldstein, J.H.,& Wallace, P.M. (1997). An Introduction to
psychology. McGraw Hill, Boston Massacheusetts.
Boeree, G.C., (2006). Carl Rogers [Electronic version].
Personality theories.
Notas do Editor
Rogers also became the director of the Rochester Guidance Center. Rogers ’ dissertation while attending the Teacher’s College was Personality Adjustment Inventory. The publication was so popular that in a span of 50 years it sold over half a million copies. Rogers then took a full teaching position at Ohio State University and subsequently started work on his second book entitled Counseling and Psychotherapy: Newer Concepts in Practice . As counselor in the psychology department at the University of Chicago in which he started the Counseling Center, he began working on his new approach to counseling now known as “client-centered” therapy.
Requirements of the therapist 1. Congruence- genuineness, honesty with the client 2. Empathy- the ability to feel what the client feels. 3. Respect- acceptance, unconditional positive regard towards the client These qualities are necessary and sufficient
the client views themselves, and how through therapy they can change their view of the future and how they desire to live.
