This slideshow covers the basics of plant identification, common plant families in Illinois, and concludes with a spring wildflower quiz. Botanical focus is on northeastern Illinois (Chicago area).
7. Two Types of Flowers:
• 1. Complete (perfect): flowers
containing BOTH male (stamen) and
female (pistil)
sexual parts.
• Automatically
monoecious
8. • The male part is termed the Stamen
which consists of the anther and filament.
• The female part is the Pistil, which
consists of the stigma, style and ovary.
9. • 2. Incomplete (imperfect): Flowers
containing the reproductive parts of only
one sex.
• These imperfect flowers may be on the
same plant (monoecious),
• or on separate plants
(dioecious).
12. Symbiosis Can Be One Of Two
Conditions:
• 1. Obligatory: one organism cannot live
without the other.
• 2. Facultative: can live symbiotically but
can survive without one another.
15. • 1. Gymnosperms (“Naked Seeds”):
plants that don’t produce a protective fruit
around the seed.
• Ex: all the conifers-pines, cedar, spruce,
and cypress.
16. • 2. Angiosperms (“Hidden
Seeds”): flowering plants, seed is
encased in a protective fruit.
• This is the dominant group of plants
on Earth today.
• * Fruit- anything formed from the
enlarged plant ovary.
25. Leaf Characteristics
Alternate leaves,
American beech
Simple leaf, magnolia
Palmately compound leaf,
buckeye
Whorled leaves,
bedstraw
Pinnately compound leaf,
black walnut
a. Simple versus compound leaves
Opposite leaves, maple
b. Arrangement of leaves on stem
36. What is a Natural Area?
High Quality Natural Communities
0.07% in a natural condition
37. Binomial Nomenclature
“The beginning of wisdom is to call
things by their rightful names.”
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Cordata
Class
Reptilia
Order
Testudines
Family Emydidae
Genus
Emydoidea
Species E. blandingii
38. Latin Pronunciation
O Pronounce every letter except diphthongs
Echinacea, Tradescantia, Opuntia humifusa, Ambrosia artemisiifolia
O “ch” is a “k” sound: Polystichum, Heuchera
O If a word has two syllables, the accent always goes with the next to the last (called the penult);
e.g., Àcer.
O If a word has three or more syllables, the accent always goes either with the next to the last
(penult) or the third from the last (called the antepenult).
Synandra hispidula, Onoclea sensibilis, Liriodendron tulipifera
phyllum – rhizophyllum, Podophyllum, triphyllum
ae Pellaea atropurpurea, Arisaema
au Daucus carota
Eu Teucrium, Leucanthemum
Oe (phoebe), Platanthera peramoena, Ipomoea
Ui Equisetum
O “oi” is not a diphthong!
Pleopeltis polypodioides
O Pronounce when ending with “e”
Silene, canadense, sessile, hyemale
O Latinized last names (one or two i’s)
Dodecatheon frenchii, Emydoidea blandingii
O Most trees have been feminized!
Quercus rubra, Fagus grandifolia, Ulmus americana