1) The document discusses various celestial objects that orbit the sun including meteors, meteorites, asteroids, and comets. It provides definitions and descriptions of each object. 2) Key differences are outlined, such as meteoroids become meteors when entering the earth's atmosphere, and meteorites are meteors that survive impact and land on earth. Asteroids orbit mainly between Mars and Jupiter, while comets have more elliptical orbits and tails when near the sun. 3) Examples of significant meteors, asteroids, and comets are mentioned, including Comet Hale-Bopp which was exceptionally large and the longest observed comet.