1. C
astellar is a municipality with three urban cores. The
Castle, Almoraima and new people, with a total
population of approximately two thousand four hundred
inhabitants.
Runs through its territory Guadarranque River, in which the dam
was built during the same name. This reservoir provides drinking
water and irrigation to the people.

2. The mountains that surround it are rounded and of scanty
altitude. Castellar lives of the agriculture with the exploitation of
plots of irrigation. The water they comes supplied from a channel
and in them it is cultivated principally citric. Nowadays one
experiments on cultures under ceiling and tropical.

3. Something exists of ranching,
principally in the estate of the
Almoraima. It is a large estate
of 16.000 hectares
expropriated to Ruiz Mateo
and that occupies mas of
ninety per cent of the
municipal territory.
Because of its proximity to the sea, Castellar has a good climate.
The winters are very mild. Rainfall is abundant in autumn and
spring, which together with a constant humidity, make this area
a huge Mediterranean forest.
In the Mediterranean forest it abounds the blockheads, gall oaks
and wild olive trees. Under them Mediterranean species coexist,
as palmettoes, lentiscos, heathers and rockroses that coexist
with the ferns that proliferate in the zones mas shady.
There are ravines, called "canutos", in which there is a
microclimate. As a result, we find species that have survived over
millions of years and is currently in danger of extinction.
CANUTO from CASTELLAR

4. In spring great quantity of wild flowers they cover the meadows,
forming a multicolored carpet. This vegetation uses as cover and
sustenance to a great number of insects, butterflies, spiders,
mollusks, etc. Likewise these small animals feed to reptiles and
amphibians to small mammals as the hedgehog. The deer, roe
deer and sheep are the main representatives of mammals
superiors. Due to its proximity to the African continent, this area
is required for migratory birds as swifts, storks, abejarrucos and
ducks. As the martin fisherman and some lads, they remain
others in the zone all the year round.

5. FLORA FROM CASTELLAR DE LA FRONTERA
In regard to its flora, most common plant species is the oak, that
names the park to which it belongs Castellar de la Frontera and
has an impressive population. The park features the largest cork
oak forest in Spain and one of the largest in the world, in an
excellent state of preservation while maintaining human use of
cork.
CORK

6. UNCORK IMAGES IN THE PARK OF CORK (Castellar)

7. Unlike the cork forests of other regions where the density is low,
trees in this area are real forests accompanied by a rich and
varied shrub and herbaceous vegetation in close connection,
ensuring natural regeneration of forest, a good mix of ages, and
a biodiversity of flora and fauna very high.
But, plus cork, The Park has represented other important forests.
Special mention forests of oak gall or Andalusian, from the past
that make forests of indescribable beauty, where humidity is the
star, with the trunks and branches colonized by lichens, mosses,
ferns and some higher plants that climb in search of the
necessary light is scarce at ground level because of the high
density of the cover and the size reached by the leaves of this
tree.
OAK GALL

8. WILD FERMS
It is also normal the presence of other species typical of
Mediterranean forest the acebuche, the white poplar, the
palmetto, and Pyrenean oak and madroño.
ACEBUCHE ACEBUCHE SHEETS

9. WHITE POPLAR PALMITO
MADROÑO
TREE FRUIT
PYRENEAN OAK

10. The terrain is relatively gentle hills leads a gallery forests of
subtropical type that are unique in continental Europe, with
presence of laurel, rhododendron, buckthorn, durum, alder, but
this vegetation type occupied most of central and southern
Europe during the Tertiary.
LAUREL ALDER
AVELLANILLO

11. FAUNA FROM CASTELLAR DE LA FRONTERA
The rich fauna of the park also is determined largely by its
geographic position. The position on the southernmost tip of
Europe makes it required periodic passage, to and from África, of
millions of migratory birds that converge in this area in search of
seasonal food and a milder climate for development. Therefore,
the Acorns Park is a paradise for birdwatchers, who come year
after year to watch the passing mainly soaring birds: storks, kites,
honey buzzard, booted eagle and toed, vultures, alimoche and a
myriad of other birds that recover energy in the Park or hope
that the weather conditions are favorable for the always
problematic over the Strait of Gibraltar.
CIGÜEÑA

12. MILANO HONEY BUZZARD
VULTURE
ALIMOCHE

13. Also important mammal populations for its variety and
abundance. With a little luck, can be seen in the Acorns
mongoose— Park preserves the largest European populations of
this mongoose—, genets, otters, polecats, wildcats and weasels
between carnivores and deer, ibex and deer between herbivores.
CARNIVORUOS MAMMALS
MONGOOSE GENET
OTTER

14. POLECATS WILD CAT
WEASEL

15. MAMMALS HERBIVORES
IBEX
ROE

16. These saws have the privilege of hosting the last population of deer called
Andalusian Moorish race, in the southwestern limit of the global distribution of
the species. Regarding the presence of the lynx, Current data are
contradictory, but there may be some individuals in the most remote forests, far
from human.
DEER
There are also quotes from the black spider.