1. Prepared by:
Mr. Rodel Bryan C. Valdez

2. photograph
photographer
photographic

3. Word No. of
Syllables
Location of
Stress
Photograph 3 1st syllable
Photographer 4 2nd syllable
Photographic 4 3rd syllable

4.  It is the relative force or
prominence given to a syllable or
a word.
 We have three levels of stress:
a. strong / ‘ /;
b. medium /^/; and
c. weak / ˘/.

5.  make the word difficult to
understand; and
 change the meaning or
grammatical category of a word.

6. There are two basic things to keep in
mind that will help you determine how
to stress a word:
 One word has only one stress.
 We can only stress vowels, not
consonants.
/ ‘ /

7. 1. Use high pitch
2. Speak with loud voice
3. Make the sound long

9. 1st Syllable 2nd Syllable 3rd Syllable
High Pitch wheel
bar row
Loud
Voice
WHEEL bar row
Long
Sound
wheeeel bar row
Combination
of the Three
WHEEEL
bar row

13.  One-syllable words (monosyllables) like do,
has, and bay are stressed in isolation. In
context, they blend with the nearest word,
and lose a part of their original sound. There
are also reduced to a different form.
◦ Example:
deal cent
east sail
sun get
sail tame

14.  Most two-syllable words are stressed on the
first syllable (e.g. heaven, builder, purchase).
◦ Other examples are:
 notice
 urchin
 titan
 vivid

15.  Most two-syllable nouns are stressed on the
first syllable.
◦ Examples:
 present
 table
 Most two-syllable adjectives are stressed on
the first syllable
◦ Examples:
 slender
 clever
 Most two-syllable verbs are stressed on the
second syllable.
◦ Examples
 decide
 begin

17.  Many words which may be used as nouns or
verbs carry the primary stress on the first
syllable for nouns, and on the second syllable
for verbs.

19.  Let’s Try
◦ The hapless pervert might pervert some truths in
the cross examination.
◦ You can extract vanilla, an aromatic extract, from a
certain tropical orchid.
◦ Girls should converse in soft voices.
◦ They had to process their travel papers but in the
process some documents got lost.

20.  Numbers ending in –teen may carry the stress
on the last syllable to distinguish clearly
between fifty and fifteen, sixty and sixteen,
etc.
 Those ending in –ieth are stressed on the first
syllable as in thirtieth, etc.
 Those ending in –eenth are stressed on the
last syllable as in thirteenth.

21.  Let’s try:
◦ Her booth number is thirteen not thirty.
◦ Sixty alumnae attended the twentieth anniversary of
their graduation.
◦ Seventy classrooms will be constructed on the
nineteenth of this month.

22.  Intensive-reflexive pronouns carry the
stronger stress on the last syllable.

23.  Some words formed by adding a prefix or
suffix to a root word usually retain the same
syllable stress such as local  localize.
◦ Other examples
 ready  readiness
 memory  memorable
 electric  electrical

24.  Some words formed by adding affixes result
in a change in syllable stress, function and
meaning.
 Observe the changes in the following:
◦ Port
◦ portable
◦ portability

25.  Words ending in –ee and –eer carry the
primary stress on the ultimate.
 Examples
◦ referee
◦ refugee
◦ volunteer
◦ engineer
◦ Exception --- committee

26.  Words ending in –sion, -tion, -cian, -tian,
and –ic carry the primary stress on the
penultimate of a word.
 Examples
◦ economic
◦ education
◦ technician
◦ graduation
◦ geographic
◦ geologic

27.  Words ending in –phy, -al/-ical, -gy, -try, -
cy, -fy, -ty, -meter carry the primary stress
on the ante-penultimate of a word.
 Examples
◦ kilometer
◦ philosophy
◦ liturgy + cal = liturgical
◦ biology

28.  The stress depends on the structure of the
combination.
 Separable phrasal verbs carry the stress on
the particle/preposition.
◦ Example
 Call up.
 Call up Mom.
 Call Mom up.

29.  Inseparable phrasal verbs carry the stress on
the verb itself.
◦ Example
 Call on.
 Call on Mary.
 Call on her.

30.  Noun-noun or adjective-noun combinations
carry the stress positions on the basis of the
meanings they convey.
 Usually, for compound nouns, the stress is on
the first part.
 e.g. windowpane, bathhouse, swimming pool
 Usually, for compound adjectives and
compound verbs, the stress is on the second
part.
◦ e.g. bad-tempered (adj.), understand (v.)

31.  If the first part of the compound shows the
purpose for which the second part is
intended, the first part of the combination
receives the strong stress.
◦ Example
 sewing machine
 bathhouse
 swimming pool
 hair dryer
 class card

32.  If the first part of the combination shows the
material contained in the second part, the
second part of the combination is stressed.
◦ Example
 leather bag
 plastic cups
 fruit salad
 paper roses
 silver bell
 chocolate cake
 apple pie

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44. Sentence: “He is the convict who
escaped from the prison.”
BACK
Sentence: “They are the juries who will
convict on the slimmest evidence.”

45. Sentence: “I am worried with the
present situation of our country.”
BACK
Sentence: “I want to present this
research paper to my advisers.”

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53.  http://ocw.metu.edu.tr/pluginfile.php/10280
/mod_resource/content/1/Word%20Stress%2
0in%20English.pdf
 http://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/
word-stress-rules.htm
 A Practical Guide to Oral Communication by
Ofelia Reyes and Ma. Fe F. Guba