Module 1 - The Birth of John the Baptist

1. THE LIFE OFCHRIST Chronological Theological LiteraryHistorical MODULE: THE BIRTH THEJOHN Luke 1:57-80 - John's Birth and Zacharias' Prophetic Song 1 OF BAPTIST

2. LIFE OF 1. 2. 3. 4. What are the Gospels? | PART 1CHRIST 5. 6. 7. How did we get the Gospels? Prologues & Genealogies: (Luke 1:1-4 and John 1:1-17) The Historical Setting of the Gospels John the Baptist's Birth Foretold (Luke 1:5-25) Mary Receives the News of Jesus Birth (Luke 1:26-56) The Religious and Political Background of the Gospels

4. https://www.youcanlearnthebible.com/p/ the-life-of-christ-part-1

5. LIFE OF 1. 2. 3. 4. The Birth of John the Baptist (Luke 1:57-80) | PART 2CHRIST 5. 6. 7. The Birth of Jesus (Matthew 1:18-25, Luke 2:1-21) The Social and Cultural Setting of the Gospels (2 weeks) Jesus in the Temple, Return to Nazareth (Luke 2:22-39) The Magi, Egypt, Return to Nazareth (Matt 2:1-23) The Gospel of Mark: A Deep Dive (2 Weeks) Prayer and Worship Night - Aug 26

6. Chronological TheologicalHistorical Literary THE RELIGIOUS OF THE GOSPELS POLITICAL AND SETTING What important events and beliefs surrounded the gospels? PREVIOUS MODULE:

7. ANDRELIGIOUS POLITICAL HERODIAN DYNASTY AND THE NT KEY EVENTS DURING, AFTER NT 1. 2. 3. CORE JEWISH BELIEFS SETTING

8. TEMPLE, PRIESTHOOD AND SACRIFICES SYNAGOGUES, SCRIBES AND THE STUDY OF THE TORAH 4. 5. 6. GROUPS, TRENDS AND LITERARY SOURCES IN 1ST CENTURY LIFE

9. Chronological TheologicalHistorical Literary THE RELIGIOUS OF THE GOSPELS POLITICAL AND SETTING What important events and beliefs surrounded the gospels? PREVIOUS MODULE:

10. Chronological TheologicalHistorical Literary RECEIVES THEMARY NEWS OFJESUS’ BIRTH Luke 1:26-38 - Jesus’ Birth Foretold to Mary Luke 1:46-56 - Mary's Song of Joy Luke 1:39-45 - Mary's Visit to Elizabeth MODULE 6:

11. AN OUTLINE FOR AHARMONY OF THE GOSPELS S e c t i o n Part One: APreview of Who Jesus Is. 1. Luke’s purpose for writing agospel 2. John’s prologue: from preincarna¬ tion to cruciﬁxion 3. Jesus’ legal lineage through Joseph and natural lineage through Mary Part Two: The Early Years of John the Baptist. 4. John’s birth foretold to Zacharias .. 5. Jesus’ birth foretold to Mary 6. Mary’s visit to Elizabeth 7. Mary’s song of joy 8. John’s birth 9. Zacharias’ prophetic song 10. John’s growth and early life M a t t . M a r k John P a g eL u k e 1 91 : 1 - 4 1 : 1 - 1 8 1 9 3 : 2 3 b - 3 8 2 01 : 1 - 1 7 2 21 : 5 - 2 5 1 : 2 6 - 3 8 1 : 3 9 - 4 5 1 : 4 6 - 5 6 1 : 5 7 - 6 6 1 : 6 7 - 7 9 2 3 2 4 2 4 2 5 2 5 2 61 : 8 0 Part Three: The Early Years of Jesus Christ. Last Module:

12. AN OUTLINE FOR AHARMONY OF THE GOSPELS S e c t i o n Part One: APreview of Who Jesus Is. 1. Luke’s purpose for writing agospel 2. John’s prologue: from preincarna¬ tion to cruciﬁxion 3. Jesus’ legal lineage through Joseph and natural lineage through Mary Part Two: The Early Years of John the Baptist. 4. John’s birth foretold to Zacharias .. 5. Jesus’ birth foretold to Mary 6. Mary’s visit to Elizabeth 7. Mary’s song of joy 8. John’s birth 9. Zacharias’ prophetic song 10. John’s growth and early life M a t t . M a r k John P a g eL u k e 1 91 : 1 - 4 1 : 1 - 1 8 1 9 3 : 2 3 b - 3 8 2 01 : 1 - 1 7 2 21 : 5 - 2 5 1 : 2 6 - 3 8 1 : 3 9 - 4 5 1 : 4 6 - 5 6 1 : 5 7 - 6 6 1 : 6 7 - 7 9 2 3 2 4 2 4 2 5 2 5 2 61 : 8 0 Part Three: The Early Years of Jesus Christ. Last Module:

13. Sec. 5Jesus’ birth foretold to Mary (cf. Secs. 4, 11)- N a z a r e t h - L u k e 1 : 2 6 - 3 8 26 Now in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God to acity inGalilee, called Nazareth, r,, j virgin engaged to aman whose name was Joseph, of the descendantsof David; and the virgin’s name was Mary. , t j v - i L28And coming in, he said to her, “Hail, ^favored one. The Lord is withy o u . 2 7 t o a 4 ” 29Butshewasgreatlytroubledatthisstatement,andkeptponderingwhatkind of salutation this might be. „ , , . c . „ . i30And the angel said to her, “Do not he afraid, Mary; for you have foundfavor with God. , , , . 4“And behold, you will conceive in your womh, and bear ason, and youshall name Him Jesus. „ , ^ 32 “He will be great, and will be called the Son of the Most High; and theLord God will give Him the “throne of His father David; ^33 and He will reign over the house of Jacob forever; and His kingdom willhave no end.” , , , , , 3 1 3 4 RECEIVES THE NEWS ANNOUNCEMENT THE VISIT 1. 2. 3. MARY MARY’S SONG V. 26-38 V. 39-45 V. 46-56 Jesus’ Birth Foretold to Mary Mary's Visit to Elizabeth Mary’s Song of Joy

14. thesethingstakeplace,becauseyoudidnotbelievemywords,whichshallbe fulfilled in their proper time.” 21 And the people were waiting for Zacharias, and were wondering at his delay in the temple. 22 But when he came out, he was unable to speak to them; and they realized that he had seen avision in the temple; and he kept i<>making signs to them, and remained mute. . j j * u » 23 And it came about, when the days of his priestly service were ended, ttiat he went back home. , , m * And after these days Elizabeth his wife became pregnant; and she “kept herself in seclusion for five months, saying, t t i i j “This is the way the Lord has dealt with me in the days when He looked with favor upon me, to take away my disgrace among men. »Lit.,cameintobeing.Î.e.,Zechariah.»Gr.,Abia.‘●I.e,ofpriestlydescent./Lit,days. ’Lit.,collhisname.“Lit.,evenfrom.’Lit.,standbeside.'oOr,beckoningtoornodding “Lit., was hidden. 2 4 2 5 fell upon. t o . Sec. 5Jesus’ birth foretold to Mary (cf. Secs. 4, 11) - N a z a r e t h - L u k e 1 : 2 6 - 3 8 ty in LUKE 1. 1:26-38 Gabriel visits Mary in Nazareth to give her the news of her upcoming pregnancy of Jesus Mary is scared and confused, yet Gabriel comforts her and informs her of Elizabeth’s miraculous pregnancy, as well ANNOUNCEMENT V. 26-38

15. 2 4 The Early Years of John the Baptist S e c . 5 - 7 Luke 1:26-38 (cont’d) “For ^nothing will be impossible with God.” 38 And ^°Mary said, “Behold, the ^'bondslave of the Lord; be it done to according to your word.” And the angel departed from her. 'Lithouse.'Or,Oivomanrichlyblessed.'Or,be.-Latermss.addyouareblessedamongwo- men. ’Lit, shall. ’Lit., knoiv no man. 'Lit., the holy thing begotten. ’Lit., this is the sixth month to her who. ’Lit., not any word. '“Gr., Mariam; i.e„ Miriam; so throughout Luke, "l.e., female slave 3 7 m e Sec. 6Mary’s visit to Elizabeth (cf. Secs. 7, 9, 15) -Hill country of Judea - Luke 1:39-45 39 Now 'at this time Mary arose and went with haste to the hill country, to a city of Judah, 40 and entered the house of Zacharias and greeted Elizabeth. nd it came about that when Elizabeth heard Mary’s greeting, the baby LUKE 2. 1:26-38 Mary travels (alone?) from Galilee to Judah to visit with Elizabeth about these events The unborn child John, leaps in the womb at Mary’s arrival, and they reﬂect on what God has done in their lives THE VISIT V. 39-45

16. MEETSMARY Gabriel meets Mary in Nazareth in Galilee, then Mary travels to Judah to meet with Elizabeth outside Jerusalem Nazareth ELIZABETH Jerusalem

17. P a r t T w o The Early Years of John the Baptist Sec. 4John’s birth foretold to Zacharias (cf. Secs. -Jerusalem, in the Temple - 5, 11) Luke 1:5-25 27^1, i w a s a c e r t a i n p r i e s t n a m e d Amon and divisionof^Abij^;andhehadawife^fromthedaughtersof Aaron, and her name was Elizabeth, all b l a m e l e s s l y i n ah the commandments and requirements of the Lord. ^ advLcJd ?n^yea?s^'*Elizabethwasbarren,andtheywereboth cameabout,whilehewasperforminghispriestlyservicebefore Ood in the appointed order of his division, enter th^tTr^n'l! ofﬁce, he was 'chosen by lot to enter the temple of the Lord and burn incense, oftheincen?e"oTSg”''“'''''^' LUKE 3. 1:26-38 Mary responds with praise and worship to God in song for what what he will do through them Mary remains in Judah for three months and then returns to Nazareth MARY’S SONG V. 46-56

18. Chronological TheologicalHistorical Literary RECEIVES THEMARY NEWS OFJESUS’ BIRTH Luke 1:26-38 - Jesus’ Birth Foretold to Mary Luke 1:46-56 - Mary's Song of Joy Luke 1:39-45 - Mary's Visit to Elizabeth MODULE 6:

19. Chronological TheologicalHistorical Literary MODULE 1: THE BIRTH THEJOHN Luke 1:57-80 - John's Birth and Zacharias' Prophetic Song OF BAPTIST

20. Sec. 5Jesus’ birth foretold to Mary (cf. Secs. 4, 11)- N a z a r e t h - L u k e 1 : 2 6 - 3 8 26 Now in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God to acity inGalilee, called Nazareth, r,, j virgin engaged to aman whose name was Joseph, of the descendantsof David; and the virgin’s name was Mary. , t j v - i L28And coming in, he said to her, “Hail, ^favored one. The Lord is withy o u . 2 7 t o a 4 ” 29Butshewasgreatlytroubledatthisstatement,andkeptponderingwhatkind of salutation this might be. „ , , . c . „ . i30And the angel said to her, “Do not he afraid, Mary; for you have foundfavor with God. , , , . 4“And behold, you will conceive in your womh, and bear ason, and youshall name Him Jesus. „ , ^ 32 “He will be great, and will be called the Son of the Most High; and theLord God will give Him the “throne of His father David; ^33 and He will reign over the house of Jacob forever; and His kingdom willhave no end.” , , , , , 3 1 3 4 THE BAPTIST JOHN’S BIRTH ZACHARIAS’ SONG 1. 2. BIRTH V. 57-66 V. 67-80 John the Baptist is Born and Zacharias speaks again How Zacharias (in prophetic song form) interprets the event of John’s Birth THE OF JOHN

21. The account of John’s birth centers around his circumcision and naming. Elizabeth and Zechariah demonstrate their faithfulness and obedience to God by naming the child “John” (see 1:6, 13). - Mark Strauss Zondervan International Bible Backgrounds Commentary

22. Their friends and neighbors are amazed at their unwillingness to name the child after Zechariah or another relative, and are astonished at the miracle that Zechariah can speak again. - Mark Strauss Zondervan International Bible Backgrounds Commentary

23. Word of these extraordinary events spreads throughout the countryside and all wonder what special role this child will play in God’s plan. God is once again at work among his people! - Mark Strauss Zondervan International Bible Backgrounds Commentary

24. BIRTH Chronological TheologicalHistorical Literary JOHN’S

25. BIRTH Chronological TheologicalHistorical Literary JOHN’S

26. The Early Years of John the BaptistS e c . 7 - 9 2 5 Luke 1:46-56 (cont’d) 54 He has given help to Israel His servant, ®In remembrance of His mercy, 55 As He spoke to our fathers. To Abraham and his ’offspring forever.” 56 And Mary stayed with her about three months, and then returned to her h o m e . ’Lit., makes great. ’I.e., female slave. ’Lit., unto generations and generations. ■‘Lit., might. 'Lit., thought, attitude. ‘Lit., So as to remember. Lit., seed. Sec. 8John’s birth -Hill country of Judea - L u k e 1 : 5 7 - 6 6 57 Now the time ’had come for Elizabeth to give birth, and she brought forth

27. The Early Years of John the BaptistS e c . 7 - 9 2 5 Luke 1:46-56 (cont’d) 54 He has given help to Israel His servant, ®In remembrance of His mercy, 55 As He spoke to our fathers. To Abraham and his ’offspring forever.” 56 And Mary stayed with her about three months, and then returned to her h o m e . ’Lit., makes great. ’I.e., female slave. ’Lit., unto generations and generations. ■‘Lit., might. 'Lit., thought, attitude. ‘Lit., So as to remember. Lit., seed. Sec. 8John’s birth -Hill country of Judea - “And Mary remained with her about three months and returned to her home.” - Luke 1:56

28. L u k e 1 : 5 7 - 6 6 57 Now the time ’had come for Elizabeth to give birth, and she brought forth a s o n . 58 And her neighbors and her relatives heard that the Lord had ’displayed His great mercy toward her; and they were rejoicing with her. 59 And it came about that on the eighth day they came to circumcise the child, and they were going to call him Zacharias, ’after his father. 60 And his mother answered and said, “No indeed; but he shall be called John.” 61 And they said to her, “There is no one among your relatives who is called by that name.” 62 And they made signs to his father, as to what he wanted him called. 63 And he asked for atablet, and wrote as follows, “His name is John.” And they were all astonished. 64 And at once his mouth was opened and his tongue loosed, and he began to speak in praise of God. 65 And fear came on all those living around them; and all these matters were being talked about in all the hill country of Judea. 66 And all who heard them kept them in mind, saying, “What then will this child turn out to be?” For the hand of the Lord was certainly with him. ‘Lit., was fulﬁlled. ‘Lit., magni/ied. ’Lit., after the name af.

29. The account of John’s birth is so closely tied to the announcement to Zechariah that his absence now is noticeable. - New International Commentary on the New Testament

30. As a result of his disbelief, he has been moved offstage to reappear only when his obedience to the angel will be manifest (vv 63–64). Until then, Elizabeth stands in the limelight. - New International Commentary on the New Testament

31. Zechariah had been told that his wife would bear a son, and so she does (vv 13, 57). Interestingly, Luke uses precisely the same language for the promise of a son and its fulﬁllment, but in the intervening material we hear only of Elizabeth’s “child. - New International Commentary on the New Testament

32. In other words, Luke has carefully allowed Gabriel’s words to be realized piece-by- piece. Elizabeth will conceive, and she does, but we must wait for the child’s birth to certify that the child is indeed a son. This adds to the suspense of the narrative, just as it accents the precise fulﬁllment of Gabriel’s words. - New International Commentary on the New Testament

34. L u k e 1 : 5 7 - 6 6 57 Now the time ’had come for Elizabeth to give birth, and she brought forth a s o n . 58 And her neighbors and her relatives heard that the Lord had ’displayed His great mercy toward her; and they were rejoicing with her. 59 And it came about that on the eighth day they came to circumcise the child, and they were going to call him Zacharias, ’after his father. 60 And his mother answered and said, “No indeed; but he shall be called John.” 61 And they said to her, “There is no one among your relatives who is called by that name.” 62 And they made signs to his father, as to what he wanted him called. 63 And he asked for atablet, and wrote as follows, “His name is John.” And they were all astonished. 64 And at once his mouth was opened and his tongue loosed, and he began to speak in praise of God. 65 And fear came on all those living around them; and all these matters were being talked about in all the hill country of Judea. 66 And all who heard them kept them in mind, saying, “What then will this child turn out to be?” For the hand of the Lord was certainly with him. ‘Lit., was fulﬁlled. ‘Lit., magni/ied. ’Lit., after the name af. For Elizabeth, at her age, to give birth, was in and of itself a miracle to be rejoiced over However, a son was an even greater blessing because it meant that their family line could now live on Elizabeth’s joy came in the removal of social shame for her barrenness, as well as their family line continuing

35. L u k e 1 : 5 7 - 6 6 57 Now the time ’had come for Elizabeth to give birth, and she brought forth a s o n . 58 And her neighbors and her relatives heard that the Lord had ’displayed His great mercy toward her; and they were rejoicing with her. 59 And it came about that on the eighth day they came to circumcise the child, and they were going to call him Zacharias, ’after his father. 60 And his mother answered and said, “No indeed; but he shall be called John.” 61 And they said to her, “There is no one among your relatives who is called by that name.” 62 And they made signs to his father, as to what he wanted him called. 63 And he asked for atablet, and wrote as follows, “His name is John.” And they were all astonished. 64 And at once his mouth was opened and his tongue loosed, and he began to speak in praise of God. 65 And fear came on all those living around them; and all these matters were being talked about in all the hill country of Judea. 66 And all who heard them kept them in mind, saying, “What then will this child turn out to be?” For the hand of the Lord was certainly with him. ‘Lit., was fulﬁlled. ‘Lit., magni/ied. ’Lit., after the name af. Of course, this miraculous birth could only mean that he would take on the name of his father, family line

36. L u k e 1 : 5 7 - 6 6 57 Now the time ’had come for Elizabeth to give birth, and she brought forth a s o n . 58 And her neighbors and her relatives heard that the Lord had ’displayed His great mercy toward her; and they were rejoicing with her. 59 And it came about that on the eighth day they came to circumcise the child, and they were going to call him Zacharias, ’after his father. 60 And his mother answered and said, “No indeed; but he shall be called John.” 61 And they said to her, “There is no one among your relatives who is called by that name.” 62 And they made signs to his father, as to what he wanted him called. 63 And he asked for atablet, and wrote as follows, “His name is John.” And they were all astonished. 64 And at once his mouth was opened and his tongue loosed, and he began to speak in praise of God. 65 And fear came on all those living around them; and all these matters were being talked about in all the hill country of Judea. 66 And all who heard them kept them in mind, saying, “What then will this child turn out to be?” For the hand of the Lord was certainly with him. ‘Lit., was fulﬁlled. ‘Lit., magni/ied. ’Lit., after the name af. Of course, this miraculous birth could only mean that he would take on the name of his father, family line

37. “God commanded ﬁrst Abraham and then the nation Israel to circumcise every male child on the eighth day. The procedure represented the child’s incorporation into God’s covenant community. - Mark Strauss Zondervan International Bible Backgrounds Commentary

38. Circumcision was generally viewed as essential for recognition as an authentic Jew (Phil. 3:5). At this time it was normally performed by the head of the household. - Mark Strauss Zondervan International Bible Backgrounds Commentary

39. It was common to name a son after a relative, usually either his father or (more often) his grandfather. In the Old Testament the naming normally occurred at birth - Mark Strauss Zondervan International Bible Backgrounds Commentary

40. so waiting eight days is unusual. The Greeks and Romans often named their children around the seventh or tenth day, so perhaps this practice had been adopted by some in Palestine.” - Mark Strauss Zondervan International Bible Backgrounds Commentary

43. The way the people put their question to Zacharias reminds us of the condition in which the narrative left him “mute, unable to speak. - New International Commentary on the New Testament

44. Muteness and deafness were interrelated in antiquity, so that these people communicate with Zechariah via hand motions. - New International Commentary on the New Testament

45. This recalls Zechariah’s afﬂiction, but also reveals that Zechariah has not heard his wife’s choice of a name for their son. That he agrees with her, then, is itself cause for amazement; the people see behind this concordance divine machinations and respond accordingly. - New International Commentary on the New Testament

46. Luke does not tell us how Elizabeth knew that “John” was the name designated by Gabriel (by revelation to her? by means of a communique from her husband?) - New International Commentary on the New Testament

47. or, indeed, whether Elizabeth had this information. In fact, the marvel of the narrative is that this collusion between Elizabeth and Zechariah is unmotivated and unexpected. - New International Commentary on the New Testament

49. enter th^tTr^n'l! ofﬁce, henter the temple of the Lord and burn incense, of"theincen?e"oTSg”''“'''''^' alt” oAnlnse“®^^ appearedtohim,standingtotherightofthe AndZachariaswastroubledwhenhesawhim,andfear«grippedhim. Buttheangelsaidtohim,“Donotbeafraid,Zacharias,foryourpetition him^rname'john'^ Elizabethwillbearyouason,andyouwill^give 11 gladness, and many will rejoice at his birth. Honor- and ‘h® ®ight of the Lord, and he will drink no wine or wS ® y ® ‘ i n h i s m o t h e r ’ s 1 3 1 4 AndhewillturnbackmanyofthesonsofIsraeltotheLordtheirGod '^i- u'® n® nforerunner before Him in the spirit and 4-Rl and^ th d^’ THEHEARTSOFTHEFATHERSBACKTOTHECHILDREN[Mai. Sr.p,.T.rei’tteUrf "■ “ ">" JL ol3Y.r.‘nT “wiS Ja"Se'd«'.! ” ” ■ thpnrati^fi^"®^ngnlansweredandsaidtohim,“IamGabriel,who’standsin good news ^ ^ ™ g y o u t h i s 1 6 1 7 LUKE 1:14-17

50. The Early Years of John the Baptist 2 3 S e c . 4 - 5 Luke 1:5-25 (cont’d) 20“Andbehold,youshallbesilentandunabletospeakuntilthedaywhenthesethingstakeplace,becauseyoudidnotbelievemywords,whichshallbefulfilled in their proper time.” 21 And the people were waiting for Zacharias, and were wondering at hisdelay in the temple. 22 But when he came out, he was unable to speak to them; and they realizedthat he had seen avision in the temple; and he kept i<>making signs to them, and remained mute. . j j * u »23 And it came about, when the days of his priestly service were ended, ttiat he went back home. , , m *And after these days Elizabeth his wife became pregnant; and she “kept herself in seclusion for five months, saying, t t i i j“This is the way the Lord has dealt with me in the days when He lookedwith favor upon me, to take away my disgrace among men. »Lit.,cameintobeing.Î.e.,Zechariah.»Gr.,Abia.‘●I.e,ofpriestlydescent./Lit,days.’Lit.,collhisname.“Lit.,evenfrom.’Lit.,standbeside.'oOr,beckoningtoornodding 2 4 2 5 fell upon.

52. PROPHETIC SONG Chronological TheologicalHistorical Literary ZACHARIAS’

53. PROPHETIC SONG Chronological TheologicalHistorical Literary ZACHARIAS’

55. AHARMONY OF THE GOSPELS P a r t O n e APreview of Who Jesus Is Luke’s purpose for writing agospelSec. 1 Luke 1:1-4 1Inasmuchas^manyhaveundertakentocompileanaccountofthethings‘accomplished among us, j , * r 2justasthosewhofromthebeginning‘‘wereeyewitnessesand‘servantsotthe “word have handed them down to us, 3itseemedﬁttingfor»measwell,having‘investigatedeverythingcarefullyfrom the beginning, to write it out for you in consecutive order, most excellent so'tLtyoumightknowtheexacttruthaboutthethingsyouhavebeen‘taught. 2Lit, became. ’Or, ministers. "I.e., gospel. ’Or, fol-'Or, on which there is fall conviction, lowed. ’Or, orally instructed in. HYMNS OF LUKE’S 1. 2. 3. 4. THE God’s exaltation of the lowly and humiliation of the proud and mighty BIRTH NARRATIVE MAGNIFICAT (Mary) | Luke 1:46-55 THE God’s salvation through the Davidic Messiah, by way of John the Baptist BENEDICTUS (Zacharias) | Luke 1:68-79 Glory to God and peace to the recipients of his grace GLORIA (Angels) | Luke 2:14IN EXCELSIS God’s salvation as the glory of Israel and a light to the Gentiles NUNC DIMITTIS (Simeon) | Luke 2:14THE

57. 66 And all who heard them kept them in mind, saying, “What then will this child turn out to be?” For the hand of the Lord was certainly with him. ‘Lit., was fulfilled. ‘Lit., magni/ied. ’Lit., after the name af. Sec. 9Zacharias’ prophetic song (cf. Secs. 6, 7, 15) -Hill country of Judea - L u k e 1 : 6 7 - 7 9 67 And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Spirit, and prophesied, saying: 68 “^Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, For He has visited us and accomplished redemption for His people, 69 And has raised up ahorn of salvation for us In the house of David His servant— ’(Luke1:68)"Benedictus”isthenameoftenappliedtothissongbecausethisisthefirstwordofthe songinLatin.HereisaliteraryformmodeledaftertheOldTestamentprophecies.LikeMary,Zacharias anticipates the redemption and salvation of his nation Israel from the enemy's oppression (1:68, ’!)● “ line with this hope, he alludes to three prominent covenants (agreements or contracts God made vith his people: the Abrahamic (1:72-74; cf. Gen. 15:12-21; 17;7; Psalm 105:8-9), the Davidic (1:69-71; cf. 1 Sam. 2:10; 2Sam. 7;8-17; Psalm 89), and the New (1:77; cf. Jer. 31;31-34). Of course, Messiah's political deliverance (1:68-74) is inseparable from amoral preparation of His people (1:75-79). Zacharias son, the forerunner of Messiah, was commissioned to accomplish this latter task (1:76-79).

58. 2 6 The Early Years of John the Baptist S e c . 9 - 1 0 Luke 1:67-79 (cont’d) 70 As He spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets from of old— 71 ^Salvation from OUR enemies, And FROM THE HAND OF ALL WHO HATE US [Psalm 106:10]; To show mercy toward our fathers, And to remember His holy covenant. The oath which He swore to Abraham our father. To grant us that we, being delivered from the hand of our enemies. Might serve Him without fear. In holiness and righteousness before Him all our days. 76 “And you, child, will be called the prophet of the Most High; For you will go on BEFORE THE Lord to prepare His WAYS [Mai. 3:1]; 77 To give to His people the knowledge of salvation ^By the forgiveness of their sins. Because of the tender mercy of our God, With which the Sunrise from on high shall visit us, 79 To SHINE UPON THOSE WHO SIT IN DARKNESSAND THE SHADOW OF DEATH [Isa. 9:1-2], 7 2 7 3 7 4 7 5 7 8

59. Might serve Him without fear. In holiness and righteousness before Him all our days. 76 “And you, child, will be called the prophet of the Most High; For you will go on BEFORE THE Lord to prepare His WAYS [Mai. 3:1]; 77 To give to His people the knowledge of salvation ^By the forgiveness of their sins. Because of the tender mercy of our God, With which the Sunrise from on high shall visit us, 79 To SHINE UPON THOSE WHO SIT IN DARKNESSAND THE SHADOW OF DEATH [Isa. 9:1-2], To guide our feet into the way of peace.” ‘Or, Deliverance. ^Or, Consisting in. 7 5 7 8 Sec. 10 John’s growth and early life -Judean wilderness - Luke 1:80 80 And the child continued to grow, and to become strong in spirit, and he lived in the deserts until the day of his public appearance to Israel.

61. 66 And all who heard them kept them in mind, saying, “What then will this child turn out to be?” For the hand of the Lord was certainly with him. ‘Lit., was fulfilled. ‘Lit., magni/ied. ’Lit., after the name af. Sec. 9Zacharias’ prophetic song (cf. Secs. 6, 7, 15) -Hill country of Judea - L u k e 1 : 6 7 - 7 9 67 And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Spirit, and prophesied, saying: 68 “^Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, For He has visited us and accomplished redemption for His people, 69 And has raised up ahorn of salvation for us In the house of David His servant— ’(Luke1:68)"Benedictus”isthenameoftenappliedtothissongbecausethisisthefirstwordofthe songinLatin.HereisaliteraryformmodeledaftertheOldTestamentprophecies.LikeMary,Zacharias anticipates the redemption and salvation of his nation Israel from the enemy's oppression (1:68, ’!)● “ line with this hope, he alludes to three prominent covenants (agreements or contracts God made vith his people: the Abrahamic (1:72-74; cf. Gen. 15:12-21; 17;7; Psalm 105:8-9), the Davidic (1:69-71; cf. 1 Sam. 2:10; 2Sam. 7;8-17; Psalm 89), and the New (1:77; cf. Jer. 31;31-34). Of course, Messiah's political deliverance (1:68-74) is inseparable from amoral preparation of His people (1:75-79). Zacharias son, the forerunner of Messiah, was commissioned to accomplish this latter task (1:76-79). The same phrase was said of his wife, Elizabeth when Mary came to visit her after receiving the news of her upcoming miraculous pregnancy

62. her who. ’Lit., not any word. '“Gr., Mariam; i.e Sec. 6Mary’s visit to Elizabeth (cf. Secs. 7, 9, 15) -Hill country of Judea - Luke 1:39-45 39 Now 'at this time Mary arose and went with haste to the hill country, to a city of Judah, 40 and entered the house of Zacharias and greeted Elizabeth. 41 And it came about that when Elizabeth heard Mary’s greeting, the baby leaped in her womb; and Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit. 42 And she cried out with aloud voice, and said, “Blessed among women are you, and blessed is the fruit of your womb! ‘And %ow has it happened to me, that the mother of my Lord should c o m e t o m e ? 4 3 For behold, when the sound of your greeting reached my ears, the baby leaped in my womb for joy. ‘And blessed is she who believed ^that there would be afulfillment of what had been spoken to her “by the Lord.” 'Lit., whence this to me. 4 4 4 5 'Lit., in these days. 'Or possibly, because there will be. -Lit., from. “In the Old Testament, as here, the filling of the Spirit is often associated with the prophetic gift. After four hundred years of silence, the Spirit of prophecy is appearing again in Israel” - ZIBBNT LUKE 1:41-45

63. Zechariah’s song of praise, known as the Benedictus (“blessed” or “praised,” after the ﬁrst word of the hymn in the Latin Vulgate), is the second of four songs of praise in Luke’s birth narrative. - Mark Strauss Zondervan International Bible Backgrounds Commentary

64. Like Mary’s, Zechariah’s hymn has a strong nationalistic tone, focusing on Israel’s physical salvation. It recalls similar psalms in the Old Testament and Judaism. - Mark Strauss Zondervan International Bible Backgrounds Commentary

65. Yet while Mary’s was primarily a psalm of praise, Zechariah’s is also prophetic, predicting the roles of Jesus and John. It is thus similar to the messianic or “royal” psalms of the Old Testament. - Mark Strauss Zondervan International Bible Backgrounds Commentary

66. While praising God for the part his son John will play in God’s plan (1:76-77), the hymn focuses especially on God’s salvation through his Messiah. It is with this latter theme that the hymn begins and ends (1:68-75, 78-79). - Mark Strauss Zondervan International Bible Backgrounds Commentary

67. 66 And all who heard them kept them in mind, saying, “What then will this child turn out to be?” For the hand of the Lord was certainly with him. ‘Lit., was fulfilled. ‘Lit., magni/ied. ’Lit., after the name af. Sec. 9Zacharias’ prophetic song (cf. Secs. 6, 7, 15) -Hill country of Judea - L u k e 1 : 6 7 - 7 9 67 And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Spirit, and prophesied, saying: 68 “^Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, For He has visited us and accomplished redemption for His people, 69 And has raised up ahorn of salvation for us In the house of David His servant— ’(Luke1:68)"Benedictus”isthenameoftenappliedtothissongbecausethisisthefirstwordofthe songinLatin.HereisaliteraryformmodeledaftertheOldTestamentprophecies.LikeMary,Zacharias anticipates the redemption and salvation of his nation Israel from the enemy's oppression (1:68, ’!)● “ line with this hope, he alludes to three prominent covenants (agreements or contracts God made vith his people: the Abrahamic (1:72-74; cf. Gen. 15:12-21; 17;7; Psalm 105:8-9), the Davidic (1:69-71; cf. 1 Sam. 2:10; 2Sam. 7;8-17; Psalm 89), and the New (1:77; cf. Jer. 31;31-34). Of course, Messiah's political deliverance (1:68-74) is inseparable from amoral preparation of His people (1:75-79). Zacharias son, the forerunner of Messiah, was commissioned to accomplish this latter task (1:76-79). The same phrase was said of his wife, Elizabeth when Mary came to visit her after receiving the news of her upcoming miraculous pregnancy

69. Zechariah’s Song begins with praise, then turns to enumerate the reasons for glorifying God. Two reasons for extolling God are set in parallel: 1) He has graciously visited his people and 2) He has raised up a Davidic savior. - New International Commentary on the New Testament

70. We are thus encouraged to read these two afﬁrmations as in some way interpreting the one divine act. How has God looked with favor on his people? By raising up a savior.” - New International Commentary on the New Testament

72. 2 6 The Early Years of John the Baptist S e c . 9 - 1 0 Luke 1:67-79 (cont’d) 70 As He spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets from of old— 71 ^Salvation from OUR enemies, And FROM THE HAND OF ALL WHO HATE US [Psalm 106:10]; To show mercy toward our fathers, And to remember His holy covenant. The oath which He swore to Abraham our father. To grant us that we, being delivered from the hand of our enemies. Might serve Him without fear. In holiness and righteousness before Him all our days. 76 “And you, child, will be called the prophet of the Most High; For you will go on BEFORE THE Lord to prepare His WAYS [Mai. 3:1]; 77 To give to His people the knowledge of salvation ^By the forgiveness of their sins. Because of the tender mercy of our God, With which the Sunrise from on high shall visit us, 79 To SHINE UPON THOSE WHO SIT IN DARKNESSAND THE SHADOW OF DEATH [Isa. 9:1-2], 7 2 7 3 7 4 7 5 7 8

73. Might serve Him without fear. In holiness and righteousness before Him all our days. 76 “And you, child, will be called the prophet of the Most High; For you will go on BEFORE THE Lord to prepare His WAYS [Mai. 3:1]; 77 To give to His people the knowledge of salvation ^By the forgiveness of their sins. Because of the tender mercy of our God, With which the Sunrise from on high shall visit us, 79 To SHINE UPON THOSE WHO SIT IN DARKNESSAND THE SHADOW OF DEATH [Isa. 9:1-2], To guide our feet into the way of peace.” ‘Or, Deliverance. ^Or, Consisting in. 7 5 7 8 Sec. 10 John’s growth and early life -Judean wilderness - Luke 1:80 80 And the child continued to grow, and to become strong in spirit, and he lived in the deserts until the day of his public appearance to Israel.

74. The Song presents a mélange of images divine visitation, Exodus, Jubilee, New Covenant, illumination not to specify with precision what form God’s purpose will take, - New International Commentary on the New Testament

75. but rather to project its magnitude, its immeasurability, its irreducible quality. What God is doing extends the reach of what God has done. It exceeds what had been hoped. And the result will be a new community in which God’s peace and justice are incarnated. - New International Commentary on the New Testament

76. Sec. 5Jesus’ birth foretold to Mary (cf. Secs. 4, 11)- N a z a r e t h - L u k e 1 : 2 6 - 3 8 26 Now in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God to acity inGalilee, called Nazareth, r,, j virgin engaged to aman whose name was Joseph, of the descendantsof David; and the virgin’s name was Mary. , t j v - i L28And coming in, he said to her, “Hail, ^favored one. The Lord is withy o u . 2 7 t o a 4 ” 29Butshewasgreatlytroubledatthisstatement,andkeptponderingwhatkind of salutation this might be. „ , , . c . „ . i30And the angel said to her, “Do not he afraid, Mary; for you have foundfavor with God. , , , . 4“And behold, you will conceive in your womh, and bear ason, and youshall name Him Jesus. „ , ^ 32 “He will be great, and will be called the Son of the Most High; and theLord God will give Him the “throne of His father David; ^33 and He will reign over the house of Jacob forever; and His kingdom willhave no end.” , , , , , 3 1 3 4 THE BAPTIST JOHN’S BIRTH ZACHARIAS’ SONG 1. 2. BIRTH V. 57-66 V. 67-80 John the Baptist is Born and Zacharias speaks again How Zacharias (in prophetic song form) interprets the event of John’s Birth THE OF JOHN

77. THE LIFE OFCHRIST Chronological Theological LiteraryHistorical MODULE: THE BIRTH OF JESUS Matthew 1:18-25 - Angel’s explanation to Joseph 2 Luke 2:8-21 - The Witness of the Shepherds Luke 2:1-7 - The Birth of Jesus

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