2. Group A – Approved usage
eg sports drinks, bars and gels, probiotics
Group B – Approved during research studies
eg carnitine and fish oils
Group C – Not used, as not enough research
eg glucosamine, pyruvate
Group D – Banned,
eg ephedrine, glycerol
3. Used for rehydration, a fast and effective
fuel boost
Many flavours and strengths
Faster to absorb than food
Used during sport activities greater than 45
mins
Can cause dental erosion
4. Occurs naturally in body
Essential for ATP energy system
Aides short sharp burst of activity, eg
repeated sprints or resistance
training
Can cause weight gain and
other minor effects
5. Easily absorbed
Affects the central nervous system (reducing
perception of fatigue), skeletal muscle, utilization of
glucose and fat
Used for endurance sports
Can result in increased
heart rate, irritability,
decreased fine motor skills,
affect sleeping
6. Further research on the supplements
listed in the Group B and C list from the
AIS classification, to determine if they are
worthy of being upgraded to Group A
and being regularly used.
Research with studies outside the tightly
controlled lab situation, gain better
knowledge of effect during events
7. Is it fair to use these supplements if not
everyone has access to them?
Do they give an unfair advantage over
others who can’t afford them?
How different are they from illegal aids
eg blood doping?
8. Creatine supplementation with specific view to exercise/sports performance:
an update, Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2012, Vol. 9
Issue 1, p33, Viewed 11/4/2013 to 12/4/2013
Powers, SK & Howley, ET, New York, 2009, Exercise Physiology: Theory and
Application to Fitness and Performance, 7th edn, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY,
Viewed 12/4/2013
Australian Sports Commission (ASC), Supplements, Sports drinks
(carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks), Creatine, Caffeine factsheets, 2013,
http://www.ausport.gov.au/ais/nutrition/supplements, viewed 5/4/2013 to
12/4/2013
Sports Dieticians Australia, 2009, Factsheet: Creatine supplementation and
sports performance
http://www.sportsdietitians.com.au/resources/upload/Template%20Creatine
%20supplementation%20and%20sports%20performance.pdf, Viewed
12/4/2013
9. Bell St Fitness, Supplements, Photo, 2010,
http://www.bellstfitness.com.au/supplements.php, Viewed 12/4/2013
Australian Sports commission, What is the AIS?, Photo, 2013,
http://www.ausport.gov.au/ais/about, Viewed 12/4/2013
Powerade, Powerade Isotonic, Photo, 2011,
http://www.powerade.com.au/Products/Powerade-Isotonic.html, Viewed
12/4/2013
Australia Healthy Choice, Creatine Monohydrate, Photo, 2009,
http://australiahealthychoice.com.au/creatine-supplements/creatine-
monohydrate-bsc/prod_298.html, Viewed 12/4/2013
Sydney Morning Hearld, Does coffee make women happier?, photo, 2011,
http://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/diet-and-fitness/does-coffee-make-
women-happier-20110927-1kuw1.html, Viewed 12/4/2013