PHARMACOINFORMATICS IN HEALTH CARE

1. BY
BHAVITHA PULAPARTHI
15PIM2246
CLINICAL INFORMATICS

2. Clinical informatics is the study of information technology and
how it can be applied to the healthcare field and provide
treatments to the patients (an information-based approach)
Health care
Information
&communication
technology
The health
system
Clinical
informatics

3.  CI has it’s own origin in the 1960’s and 1970’s with
the concept of ‘medical information system’
 In 2011 The American Medical Informatics
Association (AMIA was established in 1989 at
Bethesda) achieved one of its goals (i.e; American
Board of Medical Specialists recognized clinical
informatics as a sub-specialty)
 The first board certifications were awarded late in
2013

4.  Clinical care (i.e., clinical services to an individual
patient)
 The health system (i.e., in addition to clinical care this
includes major health domains such as public health,
personal health, health professional education, and
clinical research)
 Information and communications technology (i.e., the
tools that enable the efficient capture, delivery,
transmission, and use of data, information, and
knowledge and the knowledge of how to apply those
tools effectively)

5. Clinical informaticians use their knowledge of patient
care combined with the informatics concepts, methods,
and tools to:
 Assess information and knowledge needs of health care
professionals and patients
 Characterize, evaluate, and refine clinical processes
 Develop, implement, and refine clinical decision
support systems
 Lead or participate in the procurement, customization,
development, implementation, management,
evaluation, and continuous improvement of clinical
information systems such as electronic health records
and order-entry systems

6. What does clinical informaticians do?
 Transform health care by analyzing, designing, implementing,
evaluating information and communication systems that
enhance individual and population health outcomes, improve
patient care, and strengthen the clinician-patient relationship
Applications:
 Electronic Health Record (EHR) and Clinical Decision
Support Systems(CDSS’s) are the important central
applications in CI
 Nursing informatics
 In India it has major importance in clinical trails

7.  A systematic collection of electronic health information
about an individual patient or population of patients
 It allows practitioners to record and share data
 EHR means a repository of patient data in digital form,
stored and exchanged securely, and accessible by multiple
authorized users
 It contains retrospective, concurrent, and prospective
information and its primary purpose is to support continuing,
efficient and quality integrated health care

8. EHR
Personal
health
record
Electronic
medical
record
Electronic
patient
record
Computeri
zed patient
record
Electronic
health care
record
Computeri
zed
medical
records
Digital
medical
record
Clinical
data
repository
Departmental EMR
Inter dept EMR
Hospital EMR
Inter hospital EMR

9.  The success of EHRs depends on the quality of the
information available to health care professionals in making
decisions about patient care and in the communication
between health care professionals during patient care
 Good quality of documentation improves the quality of patient
care. It is important therefore to assess the quality of
information entered in electronic systems by different health
care professionals. Decision-making tools can be integrated in
EHRs
 If the data are inaccurate or incomplete, they will have no
worth for decision-making and research

10. EMR EHR
It contains the medical and treatment
history of the patients in one practice
It focus on the total health of the
patient and general condition of the
body
EMR mostly used by clinicians for
diagnosis and treatment
EHRs contain information from all
the clinicians involved in a patient’s
care to provide care to that patient

11. Benefits:
Eliminates paper records
Decrease handwriting errors
Allows for implementation of error-reducing
technology
Drawbacks:
 Additional privacy security
Cost
Software and quality of care concerns
Possibility for unintended consequences and changes to
workflows
 communication, and data entry demands.

12. Patient + (Physician + Information Technology )
{The Patient/Physician Relationship} + {Value Added}
(Patient + Information Technology) + Physician
{The Patient/Physician Relationship} + {Value Added}

13. Inpatient & Outpatient units
Non-Clinical Studies
Medical Specialists
Clinical Trials
Laboratory
Pharmacy

14.  Patient care
 Practice Management
 Health System Management
 Public Health Management
 Research Management

15. Clinical Application Analyst:
 Participation in all phases of the system development life
cycle including development of use cases and evaluation of
software solutions
 Perform in-depth analysis of workflows, data collection, report
details, and other technical issues associated with Epic
software
 Investigate end user‘s preferences and analyze business
operations while making decisions
 Prioritize and implement requested changes to the system
 Participate in training and troubleshooting problems for end
users

16. EHR Systems Trainer
 Use of Health Information Technology(HIT) in producing
quality outcomes
 This position is key to ensuring clinical user’s readiness and
confidence when using the EHR and other HIT systems.
 Responsible for maintaining in-depth knowledge of the
EHR and other HIT’s and training staff members on the use
of these technologies
 Collaborate with the Director of Informatics, and
responsible for the development of related training
materials
 This position requires the ability to explain technology to
diverse customers and ensure they are able to use
applications and functionality effectively

17.  Participates in system review, design, development, and
testing
 Develops protocols, policies, procedures, and quality metrics
to support the implementation of new technologies, integration
with devices, and the EMR.
 Researches, analyzes, and makes recommendations for
application workflow improvements based on a deep
understanding of the clinical workflow in relation to device
integration technologies
 Participates in the Shared Decision Making councils for the
purpose of building clinical informatics systems and
workflow analysis

18.  "Clinical informatics is still in its infancy"
 "It is a tool that when properly implemented can
increase options for treatments, reduce risks, improve
processes, help with financial management, and
ultimately improve patient care.
 It requires having the people, data, technologies and
processes necessary to mine and act upon the
information.“
 Clinical informatics can be used across the broad
spectrum of healthcare and "It is a very broad field, but
it is also a very complex field."