2. HISTORY OF INTERNET
→In 1969,ARPANETwas started to connect
computers at U.S defense &different universities.
→In 1980s,NSFnet was started to make a highcapacity network to be used strictly for academic
and engineering research.
→In 1980s many private networks were also
built to cater to the activities , which were not
allowed on NSFnet .
→In 1990s,the networking of ARPNET ,NSFnet
and other private network resulted into
INTERNET.
3. WORKING OF INTERNET
Internet works on two devices . They are:1.GATEWAY:-A gateway is a device that
connects dissimilar networks.
2.BACKBONE:-It
is
a
central
interconnecting structure that connects
one or more networks just like the trunk of
a tree or the spine of a human being.
4. GOVERNING OF INTERNET
Various organizations are responsible
for different types of activities .These
are:1.The
Internet
Architecture
Board(IAB)
2.The Internet Engineering Task
Force(IETF)
3.The Inter NIC
5. WORLD WIDE WEB(WWW)
The World Wide Web(WWW) is a set of programs,
standards and protocols that allows the multimedia
and hypertext files to be created ,displayed and
linked on the internet
6. WWW ATTRIBUTES
1.USER FRIENDLY:-www resources can work easily with most
internet browsers, which are very user friendly.
2.MULTIMEDIA DOCUMENTS:-Information on the web, which
may be graphics , and text is viewed in pages.
3.HYPER TEXT AND HYPER LINK:-Hypertext refers to the
combination of text , graphics, images , audio , video tracks
and hyperlink.
HYPRELINK refers to a dynamic link upon clicking at which a
new web page or program opens.
4.INTERACTIVE:- WWW, with its pages , supports and enables
interactivity between users and servers through hyperlinks or
input boxes.
5.FRAMES:-WWW also supports frames. FRAMES is the
display of more than one independently controllable section on
single web page.
7. SOME TERMS RELATED TO INTERNET
1.WEB BROWSER:-It is a WWW client that
navigates through world wide web and displays web
pages.
2.WEB SERVER:-It is a WWW server that responds
to the request made by web browser.
3.WEB SITE:-A location on a net server is called a
web site.
4.WEB PAGES:-A document that uses HTTP is
called WEB PAGE.
8. ELECTRONIC MAIL
E-MAIL stands for Electronic mail. It is the most widely used
tool to send messages electronically on a network.
E-MAIL ADDRESS:E-mail address commonly take this form:username@hostname.
Email :–address has two parts separated by”@”symbol
i)USERNAME:-On the left of@ separator is the user name. A
user name cannot have blanks.
ii)DOMAIN NAME FOR THE HOST SERVER:-The portion at
the right of @ identifies the server or host or network that
services your e-mail.
9. ADVANTAGES OF E-MAIL
→LOW COST
→HIGH SPEED
→WASTE REDUCTION
→EASE OF USE
→RECORD
MAINTENANCE
→PATEINCE
10. INTERNET PROTOCOLS
DEFINITION:-A PROTOCOL IS A FORMAL DESCRIPTION OF
MESSAGE FORMATS AND THE RULES THAT TWO OR
MORE MACHINES MUST FOLLOW TO EXCHANGE THOSE
MESSAGES.
Some of the common protocols are:1.HTTP:-HYPERTEXT TRANSFER
PROTOCOL
2.FTP:-FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL
3.TCP:-TRANSMISSION CONTROL
PROTOCOL
11. USES OF INTERNET
1.Bussiness uses the internet to provide access to complex
database , such as financial data base.
2.Companies carry out electronics commerce including
advertising, selling, buying , distributing products and
providing after sale services.
3.The use of e-mail over the internet has greatly speeded
communication between companies among co-workers and
between other individuals.
5.Scientist and scholars use the internet to communicate with
colleagues to perform research, to distribute lecture notes
and courses materials to student ,and to publish paper and
articles.
6.Individuals use the internet for communication ,
entertainment , finding information , to buy and cell goods and
services.
