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Linked Data
                             im Kontext Digitaler Bibliothekssyteme



               @ Fachtagung Semantic Web in Bibliotheken (SWIB’09)




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009

Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Überblick

         • (Digitale) Bibliotheken im Zeitraffer
         • Linked Data und Bibliotheken
         • Analyse existierender Linked Data Services
         • Probleme und Perspektiven
Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   2
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
(Digitale) Bibliotheken im
                                      Zeitraffer



Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009        3
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   4
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
früher...



                                        Kontrolliertes Vokabular




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   5
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
früher...



                                        Metadaten


                                        Identifier




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   6
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
danach...




                                                     Identifier




                                         Metadaten

                                    Kontrolliertes Vokabular
Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   7
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
heute...




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   8
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
(c) http://www.flickr.com/photos/39258569@N00/522143955/




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009                                   9
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Linked Data und Bibliotheken




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   10
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Database
             Database
                                    Bibliotheksdaten liegen in   Database

                                    geschlossenen Datensilos




       Database
                                            Database             Database
Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009               11
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Andere (Web-)Applikationen haben keinen
               direkten Zugriff auf Bibliotheksdaten, außer...




Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial   12
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
OAI-PMH                                        DVD             FTP
                                           REST

                                SRU/SRQ                 Web Services
                                                                         SOAP
   OAI-ORE
                                           RSS                WSDL
              Atom                                                      UDDI
                                     JSON         CD-ROM
                                                               RPC

            Z39.50                         DCOM         RMI          CORBA
Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial           13
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Linked Data Vision ...




Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial   14
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
• Dereferenzierbare HTTP URIS für
                Ressourcen
         • Menschen-und Maschinen-lesbare
                Repräsentation von Daten im Web
         • Verlinkung semantisch in Beziehung
                stehender Ressourcen

Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   15
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Linked Data Technologien...




Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial   17
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)

           •       Identifier für Ressourcen in offenen Umgebungen

           •       Dereferenzierbare HTTP URIs = URL



          http://dbpedia.org/resource/
                Hallstatt_culture




Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial   18
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Resource Description Framework (RDF)
           •       Datenmodell um Metadaten im Web zu repräsentieren

           •       In Form von Statements (Triples)


                                                             t    “The Hallstatt culture
                                                   : abstrac            was ...”
                                           dbpprop
          http://dbpedia.org/resource/        rdfs: label
                Hallstatt_culture                                  “Hallstatt culture”
                                           skos:s
                                                 ubject
                                                                           http://
                                                                   dbpedia.org/resource/
                                                                 Category:Iron_Age_Europe



Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial         19
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
RDFS & OWL

           •       Sprachen zur Beschreibung von Vokabularen


                                            rdf: Property


                                rdf: type                      rdf: type
                                                   rdf: type



                    dbpprop: abstract        skos: subject                 rdfs: label


Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial         20
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS)

           •       Sprache zur Beschreibung Kontrollierter Vokabulare

         “Iron Age
                                           “Hallstatt Period”             “Hallstatt Culture”
          Europe”


                skos:prefLabel        skos:prefLabel                               skos:altLabel
                                                                                                          “La Tène Period”

       dbpedia:Category:
                              skos:narrower
                                                           xyz: HallstattCulture
       Iron_Age_Europe                                                                                            skos:prefLabel


                                                         skos:narrower                             xyz: LateneCulture




Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial                           21
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Linked Data versucht die im Bibliotheksbereich
               etablierten Mechanismen der Informations-
               organisation (Identifier, Metadaten, Kontrollierte
               Vokabulare) im Web weiterzuführen.




Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial   22
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Analyse existierender Linked
                            Data Services



Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   23
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH)


         • http://id.loc.gov/
         • exponiert ~260.000 Normdatensätze in
                SKOS als Linked Data
         • URI-Pattern:
                http://id.loc.gov/authorities/{lccn}#concept


Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   24
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/
    sh85058486#concept">
        <skos:broader rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/
    sh85068153#concept"/>
        <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Hallstatt period</skos:prefLabel>
        <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Concept"/>
        <owl:sameAs rdf:resource="info:lc/authorities/sh85058486"/>
        <skos:closeMatch rdf:resource="http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/rameau/
    ark:/12148/cb11942233p"/>
        <dcterms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/
    XMLSchema#dateTime">1986-02-11T00:00:00-04:00</dcterms:created>
        <skos:narrower rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/
    sh85087734#concept"/>
        <dcterms:modified rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/
    XMLSchema#dateTime">1996-09-11T10:10:33-04:00</dcterms:modified>
        <skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities#topicalTerms"/>
        <skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities#conceptScheme"/>
      </rdf:Description>
      <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/
    sh85087734#concept">
        <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Mounds--Rhine River Valley</skos:prefLabel>
      </rdf:Description>
      <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/
    sh85068153#concept">
        <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Iron age</skos:prefLabel>
      </rdf:Description>

Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009          25
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH)


         • Motivation
              •      Bibliotheksstandards sollen mit der Web Architektur
                     integriert werden, damit diese in anderen Web
                     Applikationen wiederverwendet werden können

              •      Web Identifiers für Datenelement und Vokabulare




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009            26
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Schwedischer Verbundskatalog (LIBRIS)

         • http://libris.kb.se/
         • exponiert Daten von ca. 175 Bibliotheken
         • URI Pattern:
                http://libris.kb.se/resource/bib/{number}
                http://libris.kb.se/resource/auth/{number}


Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   27
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
<rdf:RDF
        xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
        xmlns:bibo="http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/"
        xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
        xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
        xmlns:libris="http://libris.kb.se/vocabulary/experimental#"
        xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" >
      <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://libris.kb.se/resource/bib/10542240">
        <libris:held_by rdf:resource="http://libris.kb.se/resource/library/Svk"/>
        <dc:relation>Hallstatt textiles : technical analysis, scientifc
    investigation and experiment on Iron Age textiles /</dc:relation>
        <dc:date>2005</dc:date>
        <dc:type>text</dc:type>
        <dc:creator>Anton Kern</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Kern, Anton 1947-</dc:creator>
        <dc:title xml:lang="de">Hallstatt : eine Einleitung zu einem sehr
    bemerkenswerten Ort</dc:title>
        <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/Article"/>
        <rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://libris.kb.se/data/bib/10542240"/>
      </rdf:Description>
    </rdf:RDF>




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009          28
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Schwedischer Verbundskatalog (LIBRIS)

         • Motivation
              •      Zugriff auf Bibliotheksdaten bislang nur über
                     domänenspezifische Protokolle (Z.39.50, SRU/SRW)

              •      Bislang keine Möglichkeiten Datensätze (bzw.
                     Ressourcen) direkt zu adressieren

              •      Neuer Web-Auftritt



Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009            29
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
RAMEAU Subject Headings


         • http://www.cs.vu.nl/STITCH/rameau/
         • Exponiert 160.000 Konzepte des RAMEAU
                Vokabulars als Linked Data



Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   30
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
<skos:Concept rdf:about="http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/rameau/ark:/12148/
    cb11942233p">
       <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="x-notation">FRBNF119422333</skos:prefLabel>
       <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="fr">Civilisation de Hallstatt</skos:prefLabel>
       <skos:altLabel xml:lang="fr">Civilisation hallstattienne</skos:altLabel>
       <skos:altLabel xml:lang="fr">Culture de Hallstatt</skos:altLabel>
       <skos:altLabel xml:lang="fr">Culture hallstatienne</skos:altLabel>
       <skos:altLabel xml:lang="fr">Hallstatt, Civilisation de</skos:altLabel>
       ....
       <skos:altLabel xml:lang="fr">Premier âge du fer</skos:altLabel>
       <skos:definition xml:lang="fr">Civilisation du premier âge du fer en
    Europe</skos:definition>
       <skos:editorialNote xml:lang="fr">Source : Dict. de la préhistoire / A.
    Leroi-Gourhan, 1994. - Les sociétés de la préhistoire / J.-P. Mohen, Y.
    Taborin, 1998. - Les Celtes / V. Kruta, 2000. - La préhistoire / D. Vialou,
    2004</skos:editorialNote>
       <skos:note xml:lang="fr">Domaine : 930</skos:note>
       <skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/rameau/
    autorites_matieres" />
       <skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/rameau/
    noms_communs" />
       <skos:broader rdf:resource="http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/rameau/ark:/
    12148/cb11946304b" />
       <skos:related rdf:resource="http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/rameau/ark:/
    12148/cb11944010z" />
    </skos:Concept>

Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009          31
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) Summaries



         • http://dewey.info
         • Top 1000 Klassen der Dewey Klassifikation
                in neun Sprachen als Linked Data
         • Creative Commons BY-NC-ND

Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   32
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
      xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab#"
      xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"
      xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
      xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#">

      <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://dewey.info/class/943/2009/08/about.en">
        <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Concept"/>
        <xhtml:license rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/
    3.0/"/>
        <cc:attributionName>OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc.</
    cc:attributionName>
        <cc:attributionURL rdf:resource="http://www.oclc.org/dewey/"/>
        <dct:isVersionOf rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/class/943/"/>
        <dct:language rdf:datatype="http://purl.org/dc/terms/RFC4646">en</
    dct:language>
        <skos:notation rdf:datatype="http://dewey.info/schema-terms/Notation">943</
    skos:notation>
        <skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/scheme/2009/08/about.en"/>
        <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Central Europe; Germany</skos:prefLabel>
        <skos:broader rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/class/94/2009/08/about.en"/>
        <cc:morePermissions rdf:resource="http://www.oclc.org/dewey/about/
    licensing/"/>
      </rdf:Description>

    </rdf:RDF>
Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009          33
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Virtual Internet Authority File (VIAF)

         • http://viaf.org/
         • Verknüpft Normdaten von >10
                Nationalbibliotheken (inkl. DNB) und stellt
                diese im Web zur Verfügung
         • Verwendet FOAF Vokabular zur
                Beschreibung von Personen

Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   34
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
        <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="/viaf/xsl/
    searchRetrieveResponse_en.xsl"?>
        <rdf:RDF xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:l="http://purl.org/
    rss/1.0/modules/link/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
        <foaf:Person rdf:about="http://viaf.org/viaf/56611857.rwo">
            <foaf:name>&#x5E7;&#x5E4;&#x5E7;&#x5D4;, &#x5E4;&#x5E8;&#x5E0;&#x5E5;,
    1883-1924</foaf:name>
            <foaf:name>Kafka, Franz, 1883-1924</foaf:name>
            <l:link l:rel="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/link/#alternate"
    l:type="application/x-marc21+xml" rdf:resource="http://viaf.org/viaf/
    56611857.m21"/>
            <l:link l:rel="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/link/#alternate"
    l:type="application/x-unimarc+xml" rdf:resource="http://viaf.org/viaf/
    56611857.unimarc"/>
            <l:link l:rel="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/link/#alternate"
    l:type="application/x-viaf+xml" rdf:resource="http://viaf.org/viaf/
    56611857.viaf"/>
        </foaf:Person>
    </rdf:RDF>




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009          35
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Beweggründe für Linked Data?
         • Bibliotheksdaten sollen im Web
                veröffentlicht werden um auch in anderen
                Kontexten verwendet werden zu können
         • Verknüpfung in Beziehung stehender Daten
         • Technischer Aufwand relativ gering
         • Bottom-up Entwicklungen....
Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   36
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Probleme und Perspektiven




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   37
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Urheberrecht




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009        38
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   39
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Broken Links




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009        40
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   41
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Semantische Anreicherung




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009       42
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Hallstatt_culture >
                                    p:abstract “Die Hallstattzeit bezeichnet...” @de
                                    p:abstract “The Hallstatt culture was...” @en
                                    rdfs:label “Hallstatt culture”@en;
                                    rdfs:label “Hallstattzeit” @de;
                                    rdfs:label “Civilisation de Hallstatt” @fr;
                                    rdfs:label “                        ” @jp;

                                    skos:subject dbpedia:Category:Iron_Age_Europe;
                                    ...


Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009                            43
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Neue Zugänge




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009        44
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   45
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Baustein einer freien,
                               community-getriebenen
                                    Alternative?



Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009         46
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
?
Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   47
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Backup




Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009     48
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
Dokumente




                                              Web of Data
                                    DB

Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009        50
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
RDF/XML, N3, Turtle, etc.

           •       für den Austausch von RDF Daten


           <rdf:Description rdf:about=” http://dbpedia.org/resource/Hallstatt_culture”>
                <dbpprop:abstract>The Hallstatt culture was...</dbpprop:abstract>
                <skos:subject rdf:resource=”http://dbpedia.org/resource/
                Category:Iron_Age_Europe”>
                <rdfs:label>Hallstatt culture</rdfs:label>
           </rdf:Description>



Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial                     51
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
SPARQL
           •       Strukturierte Abfragesprache & Protokoll für den
                   Zugriff auf RDF Daten im Web



           SELECT ?uri
           WHERE {
                ?uri skos:subject <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Iron_Age_Europe>.
           }




Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial          52
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
(c) http://www.simplyhired.com/
Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009   53
Tuesday, November 24, 2009

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Linked Data im Kontext Digitaler Bibliothkssysteme

  • 1. Linked Data im Kontext Digitaler Bibliothekssyteme @ Fachtagung Semantic Web in Bibliotheken (SWIB’09) Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 2. Überblick • (Digitale) Bibliotheken im Zeitraffer • Linked Data und Bibliotheken • Analyse existierender Linked Data Services • Probleme und Perspektiven Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 2 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 3. (Digitale) Bibliotheken im Zeitraffer Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 3 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 4. Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 4 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 5. früher... Kontrolliertes Vokabular Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 5 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 6. früher... Metadaten Identifier Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 6 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 7. danach... Identifier Metadaten Kontrolliertes Vokabular Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 7 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 8. heute... Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 8 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 10. Linked Data und Bibliotheken Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 10 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 11. Database Database Bibliotheksdaten liegen in Database geschlossenen Datensilos Database Database Database Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 11 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 12. Andere (Web-)Applikationen haben keinen direkten Zugriff auf Bibliotheksdaten, außer... Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial 12 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 13. OAI-PMH DVD FTP REST SRU/SRQ Web Services SOAP OAI-ORE RSS WSDL Atom UDDI JSON CD-ROM RPC Z39.50 DCOM RMI CORBA Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial 13 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 14. Linked Data Vision ... Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial 14 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 15. • Dereferenzierbare HTTP URIS für Ressourcen • Menschen-und Maschinen-lesbare Repräsentation von Daten im Web • Verlinkung semantisch in Beziehung stehender Ressourcen Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 15 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 17. Linked Data Technologien... Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial 17 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 18. Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) • Identifier für Ressourcen in offenen Umgebungen • Dereferenzierbare HTTP URIs = URL http://dbpedia.org/resource/ Hallstatt_culture Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial 18 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 19. Resource Description Framework (RDF) • Datenmodell um Metadaten im Web zu repräsentieren • In Form von Statements (Triples) t “The Hallstatt culture : abstrac was ...” dbpprop http://dbpedia.org/resource/ rdfs: label Hallstatt_culture “Hallstatt culture” skos:s ubject http:// dbpedia.org/resource/ Category:Iron_Age_Europe Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial 19 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 20. RDFS & OWL • Sprachen zur Beschreibung von Vokabularen rdf: Property rdf: type rdf: type rdf: type dbpprop: abstract skos: subject rdfs: label Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial 20 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 21. Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) • Sprache zur Beschreibung Kontrollierter Vokabulare “Iron Age “Hallstatt Period” “Hallstatt Culture” Europe” skos:prefLabel skos:prefLabel skos:altLabel “La Tène Period” dbpedia:Category: skos:narrower xyz: HallstattCulture Iron_Age_Europe skos:prefLabel skos:narrower xyz: LateneCulture Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial 21 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 22. Linked Data versucht die im Bibliotheksbereich etablierten Mechanismen der Informations- organisation (Identifier, Metadaten, Kontrollierte Vokabulare) im Web weiterzuführen. Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial 22 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 23. Analyse existierender Linked Data Services Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 23 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 24. Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) • http://id.loc.gov/ • exponiert ~260.000 Normdatensätze in SKOS als Linked Data • URI-Pattern: http://id.loc.gov/authorities/{lccn}#concept Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 24 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 25. <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/ sh85058486#concept"> <skos:broader rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/ sh85068153#concept"/> <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Hallstatt period</skos:prefLabel> <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Concept"/> <owl:sameAs rdf:resource="info:lc/authorities/sh85058486"/> <skos:closeMatch rdf:resource="http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/rameau/ ark:/12148/cb11942233p"/> <dcterms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/ XMLSchema#dateTime">1986-02-11T00:00:00-04:00</dcterms:created> <skos:narrower rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/ sh85087734#concept"/> <dcterms:modified rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/ XMLSchema#dateTime">1996-09-11T10:10:33-04:00</dcterms:modified> <skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities#topicalTerms"/> <skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities#conceptScheme"/> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/ sh85087734#concept"> <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Mounds--Rhine River Valley</skos:prefLabel> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/ sh85068153#concept"> <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Iron age</skos:prefLabel> </rdf:Description> Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 25 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 26. Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) • Motivation • Bibliotheksstandards sollen mit der Web Architektur integriert werden, damit diese in anderen Web Applikationen wiederverwendet werden können • Web Identifiers für Datenelement und Vokabulare Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 26 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 27. Schwedischer Verbundskatalog (LIBRIS) • http://libris.kb.se/ • exponiert Daten von ca. 175 Bibliotheken • URI Pattern: http://libris.kb.se/resource/bib/{number} http://libris.kb.se/resource/auth/{number} Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 27 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 28. <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bibo="http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/" xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:libris="http://libris.kb.se/vocabulary/experimental#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" > <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://libris.kb.se/resource/bib/10542240"> <libris:held_by rdf:resource="http://libris.kb.se/resource/library/Svk"/> <dc:relation>Hallstatt textiles : technical analysis, scientifc investigation and experiment on Iron Age textiles /</dc:relation> <dc:date>2005</dc:date> <dc:type>text</dc:type> <dc:creator>Anton Kern</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kern, Anton 1947-</dc:creator> <dc:title xml:lang="de">Hallstatt : eine Einleitung zu einem sehr bemerkenswerten Ort</dc:title> <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/Article"/> <rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://libris.kb.se/data/bib/10542240"/> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF> Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 28 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 29. Schwedischer Verbundskatalog (LIBRIS) • Motivation • Zugriff auf Bibliotheksdaten bislang nur über domänenspezifische Protokolle (Z.39.50, SRU/SRW) • Bislang keine Möglichkeiten Datensätze (bzw. Ressourcen) direkt zu adressieren • Neuer Web-Auftritt Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 29 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 30. RAMEAU Subject Headings • http://www.cs.vu.nl/STITCH/rameau/ • Exponiert 160.000 Konzepte des RAMEAU Vokabulars als Linked Data Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 30 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 31. <skos:Concept rdf:about="http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/rameau/ark:/12148/ cb11942233p"> <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="x-notation">FRBNF119422333</skos:prefLabel> <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="fr">Civilisation de Hallstatt</skos:prefLabel> <skos:altLabel xml:lang="fr">Civilisation hallstattienne</skos:altLabel> <skos:altLabel xml:lang="fr">Culture de Hallstatt</skos:altLabel> <skos:altLabel xml:lang="fr">Culture hallstatienne</skos:altLabel> <skos:altLabel xml:lang="fr">Hallstatt, Civilisation de</skos:altLabel> .... <skos:altLabel xml:lang="fr">Premier âge du fer</skos:altLabel> <skos:definition xml:lang="fr">Civilisation du premier âge du fer en Europe</skos:definition> <skos:editorialNote xml:lang="fr">Source : Dict. de la préhistoire / A. Leroi-Gourhan, 1994. - Les sociétés de la préhistoire / J.-P. Mohen, Y. Taborin, 1998. - Les Celtes / V. Kruta, 2000. - La préhistoire / D. Vialou, 2004</skos:editorialNote> <skos:note xml:lang="fr">Domaine : 930</skos:note> <skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/rameau/ autorites_matieres" /> <skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/rameau/ noms_communs" /> <skos:broader rdf:resource="http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/rameau/ark:/ 12148/cb11946304b" /> <skos:related rdf:resource="http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/rameau/ark:/ 12148/cb11944010z" /> </skos:Concept> Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 31 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 32. Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) Summaries • http://dewey.info • Top 1000 Klassen der Dewey Klassifikation in neun Sprachen als Linked Data • Creative Commons BY-NC-ND Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 32 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 33. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab#" xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#"> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://dewey.info/class/943/2009/08/about.en"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Concept"/> <xhtml:license rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/ 3.0/"/> <cc:attributionName>OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc.</ cc:attributionName> <cc:attributionURL rdf:resource="http://www.oclc.org/dewey/"/> <dct:isVersionOf rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/class/943/"/> <dct:language rdf:datatype="http://purl.org/dc/terms/RFC4646">en</ dct:language> <skos:notation rdf:datatype="http://dewey.info/schema-terms/Notation">943</ skos:notation> <skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/scheme/2009/08/about.en"/> <skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Central Europe; Germany</skos:prefLabel> <skos:broader rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/class/94/2009/08/about.en"/> <cc:morePermissions rdf:resource="http://www.oclc.org/dewey/about/ licensing/"/> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF> Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 33 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 34. Virtual Internet Authority File (VIAF) • http://viaf.org/ • Verknüpft Normdaten von >10 Nationalbibliotheken (inkl. DNB) und stellt diese im Web zur Verfügung • Verwendet FOAF Vokabular zur Beschreibung von Personen Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 34 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 35. <?xml version="1.0" ?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="/viaf/xsl/ searchRetrieveResponse_en.xsl"?> <rdf:RDF xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:l="http://purl.org/ rss/1.0/modules/link/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <foaf:Person rdf:about="http://viaf.org/viaf/56611857.rwo"> <foaf:name>&#x5E7;&#x5E4;&#x5E7;&#x5D4;, &#x5E4;&#x5E8;&#x5E0;&#x5E5;, 1883-1924</foaf:name> <foaf:name>Kafka, Franz, 1883-1924</foaf:name> <l:link l:rel="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/link/#alternate" l:type="application/x-marc21+xml" rdf:resource="http://viaf.org/viaf/ 56611857.m21"/> <l:link l:rel="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/link/#alternate" l:type="application/x-unimarc+xml" rdf:resource="http://viaf.org/viaf/ 56611857.unimarc"/> <l:link l:rel="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/link/#alternate" l:type="application/x-viaf+xml" rdf:resource="http://viaf.org/viaf/ 56611857.viaf"/> </foaf:Person> </rdf:RDF> Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 35 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 36. Beweggründe für Linked Data? • Bibliotheksdaten sollen im Web veröffentlicht werden um auch in anderen Kontexten verwendet werden zu können • Verknüpfung in Beziehung stehender Daten • Technischer Aufwand relativ gering • Bottom-up Entwicklungen.... Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 36 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 37. Probleme und Perspektiven Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 37 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 38. Urheberrecht Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 38 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 39. Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 39 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 40. Broken Links Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 40 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 41. Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 41 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 42. Semantische Anreicherung Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 42 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 43. <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Hallstatt_culture > p:abstract “Die Hallstattzeit bezeichnet...” @de p:abstract “The Hallstatt culture was...” @en rdfs:label “Hallstatt culture”@en; rdfs:label “Hallstattzeit” @de; rdfs:label “Civilisation de Hallstatt” @fr; rdfs:label “ ” @jp; skos:subject dbpedia:Category:Iron_Age_Europe; ... Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 43 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 44. Neue Zugänge Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 44 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 45. Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 45 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 46. Baustein einer freien, community-getriebenen Alternative? Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 46 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 47. ? Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 47 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 48. Backup Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 48 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 50. Dokumente Web of Data DB Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 50 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 51. RDF/XML, N3, Turtle, etc. • für den Austausch von RDF Daten <rdf:Description rdf:about=” http://dbpedia.org/resource/Hallstatt_culture”> <dbpprop:abstract>The Hallstatt culture was...</dbpprop:abstract> <skos:subject rdf:resource=”http://dbpedia.org/resource/ Category:Iron_Age_Europe”> <rdfs:label>Hallstatt culture</rdfs:label> </rdf:Description> Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial 51 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 52. SPARQL • Strukturierte Abfragesprache & Protokoll für den Zugriff auf RDF Daten im Web SELECT ?uri WHERE { ?uri skos:subject <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Iron_Age_Europe>. } Bernhard Haslhofer, Linked Data Tutorial 52 Tuesday, November 24, 2009
  • 53. (c) http://www.simplyhired.com/ Bernhard Haslhofer, November 2009 53 Tuesday, November 24, 2009