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Food Insufficiency is Associated with High Risk Sexual Behavior among Women in Botswana and Swaziland
1. Food Insufficiency is Associated with High Risk Sexual Behavior among Women in Botswana and Swaziland Presented by: Nthabiseng Phaladze, PhD and Sheri Weiser, MD, MPH Authors: Sheri Weiser, Karen Leiter, David Bangsberg, Lisa Butler, Fiona Percy, Zakhe Hlanze, Nthabiseng Phaladze, Vincent Iacopino and Michele Heisler PLoS Medicine . October 2007; 4(10); e-260 October 22, 2007 Funded by: Physicians for Human Rights and NIH
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9. Participant Characteristics * Denotes statistically significant differences between men and women 52%* 47%* Education >=HS 10%* 2%* Paying for sex 2%* 26%* Lack of control in sex 15% 17% Intergenerational sex 1%* 5%* Exchanging sex 11%* 8%* Unprotected sex 30%* 17%* Problem drinking 38% 32% Rural residence 22%* 32%* Food insufficiency Men (n=999) Women (n=1050)
10. Adjusted Correlates of Unprotected Sex with Non-monogamous Partner* *Model also controlled for age and living with sexual partner 1.1 (1.1-1.2) 1.7 (1.3-2.4) Food insufficiency 2.1 (1.4-3.2) 4.4 (1.7-11.0) Problem drinking 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.6 (0.5-0.6) Correct HIV knowledge 1.1 (0.3-3.7) 0.5 (0.4-0.5) Rural residence 0.8 (0.4-1.6) 1.1 (0.8-1.6) Married (compared with single) 0.8 (0.7-0.8) 1.2 (0.6-2.4) Income >= Median 0.9 (0.6-1.4) 0.7 (0.6-0.9) Education >= HS Men AOR (95% CI) Women AOR (95% CI)
11. Adjusted Correlates of Sex Exchange* *Model also controlled for age and living with sexual partner 1.1 (0.5-2.3) 1.8 (1.7-1.9) Food insufficiency 3.2 (1.9-5.5) 12.5 (8.5-18.3) Problem drinking 1.5 (0.3-6.6) 0.7 (0.6-0.8) Correct HIV knowledge 1.1 (0.6-2.2) 1.7 (1.0-3.1) Rural residence 0.2 (0.1-0.6) 0.8 (0.6-1.0) Married (compared with single) 1.9 (1.6-2.4) 0.9 (0.5-1.6) Income >= Median 1.1 (0.8-1.6) 0.7 (0.4-1.5) Education >= HS Men (Paying for sex) AOR (95% CI) Women (Exchanging sex) AOR (95% CI)
12. Adjusted Correlates of Intergenerational Sex* *Model also controlled for age and living with sexual partner 1.3 (0.6-2.7) 1.5 (1.1-2.1) Food insufficiency 1.0 (0.5-2.1) 2.1 (1.6-2.8) Problem drinking 1.4 (1.0-2.1) 1.3 (0.9-1.8) Correct HIV knowledge 1.1 (0.7-1.3) 1.2 (0.8-1.7) Rural residence 0.3 (0.1-1.3) 1.1 (0.5-2.1) Married (compared with single) 1.1 (0.4-3.1) 0.9 (0.7-1.2) Income >= Median 0.8 (0.4-1.8) 0.8 (0.5-1.3) Education >= HS Men AOR (95% CI) Women AOR (95% CI)
13. Adjusted Correlates of Lack of Control in Sexual Relations for Women* *Model also controlled for age and living with sexual partner 1.2 - 2.3 1.7 Food insufficiency 0.9 - 2.0 1.3 Problem drinking 1.1 - 1.7 1.4 Correct HIV knowledge 0.8 - 1.7 1.2 Rural residence 2.0 - 2.5 2.3 Married (compared with single) 0.8 - 1.1 0.9 Income >= Median 0.4 - 0.4 0.4 Education >= HS 95% CI AOR