Ubmps learning session_abe_en

The Study on City Master Plan and Urban Development Program of Ulaanbaatar City (UBMPS)
Intensive Learning Session on Urban Planning under Market Economy

Participatory Planning
for Intensive Learning Session

Tomoko Abe
JICA Study Team
2007/07/25


Topics
1. Importance and Necessity of “Participatory
Planning”
2. Visioning Approaches
Step 1: Issue finding
Step 2: Visioning
Step 3: Planning
Step 4: Taking actions
3. Introduction of Participatory Planning
4. Conclusion


1. Importance and Necessity of
“Participatory Planning”
What is “participatory planning”?

Facilitation with
Town walking participatory tools

Information tools
(website, newsletter,
etc.)
Interview survey Discussion with residents


Why is the “participatory planning“ necessary?
• To involve main actors/ players for urban planning
• To share the common “Vision” for future city
• To strengthen empowerment of people
 Need to define the levels of participation up to objectives/
targets/ scales of planning
Local level

Involvement of
planning and
National/ Ownership management
regional level and
Understanding Responsibility
and Awareness
Opportunity for
participation


What is “Visioning”?
1) Issues 2) Vision 3) Plan 4) Action

“Where are “Vision and “Where we “How to get
we now?” goals” want to be” there?”


How can people be participated
in the planning process?

1) Issues 2) Vision 3) Plan 4) Action

1) To identify and understand problems, constraints, values,
and potentials
2) To share common image of city/ area (economically,
socially, ecologically, culturally, aesthetically)
3) To develop future plans which embody visions/ images
physically and visually
4) To identify feasible projects/ measures with time
framework, financial capacity and human resources


Step 1: Issue finding
To identify and understand problems, constraints,
values, and potentials
(1) Secondary data (statistics, existing plans/ projects,
reports)
(2) Town watching (simple evaluation with “good-bad”,
“like-dislike”, “preserve-improve” markings on map)
(3) Interview (residents, government leaders, elderly/
children, academe)
(4) Analysis and Evaluation


(4) Analysis and Evaluation

Subjective indicators Objective indicators
• Living condition • Population
• Economic condition • Urban/ housing development
• National condition • Land use
• Transport • Openspace/ greenery
• Townscape • Facility development (road,
• Safety/ disaster prevention public transport, public/
• Culture/ tradition commercial facilities, etc.)


Example of participatory tools
for “Issue finding”

Image map

“Photo voice” shooting photos by residents Photo simulation


Step 2: Visioning
To share common image of city/ area (economically,
socially, ecologically, culturally, aesthetically)
Regional scale City scale Local scale

• Role of city in region • Image of city • Living condition/ housing
• Integration of region • Quality of life • Social welfare
• Distribution of population • Competitiveness • Convenience
and urban function …etc. • Environment … etc. • Culture/ tradition … etc.


Examples of Visioning for Hanoi City Master Plan in Vietnam
Vision
“Hanoi must be built as a modern and thriving capital city, symbolizing the whole country, and
functioning as a national and regional center for policy, culture, science, technology,
education, economy, and international trade.” (Order No.1/ 2001/L-CTN)

Goals
 To enhance the city’s identity and image, which must be shared by the public.
 To ensure socio-cultural and natural environment sustainability.
 To ensure that socio-economic activities can be conveniently carried out and good living
conditions can be experienced by all.

Objectives
 To boost industrialization, modernization, and international as well as regional integration.
 To promote economic, social, and cultural development in a comprehensive and
sustainable manner.
 To stabilize local security and political conditions.
 To accelerate infrastructure and superstructure development.
 To improve the people’s living conditions.

Basic Strategies
 Establish a spatial backbone comprising “water,” “greeneries,” and “culture.”
 Develop public transportation-oriented urban areas.
 Upgrade and revitalize existing built-up areas in the urban core and fringes.

Develop modern and competitive new urban centers to attract diversified quality investments

Develop efficient infrastructure and services.

Prepare effective disaster prevention measures.

Strengthen institutions for effective and accountable urban management.

Policies
Hanoi’s Role in Nation and Region Housing and Living Conditions

Population and Urban Growth Management Environment

Economic Development and Quality of Life Urban Design and Landscape

Urban Water and Sanitation Special Areas

Transportation Implementation and Management

People’s Image of the Future Hanoi*
20%

15% * Opinions of 20,000 household
heads.
10%

5%

0%
Clean Developed Strong culture Harmonious Scientific / Secure water
/heritage high-tech
Modern Peaceful Green Friendly International/ supply


Step 3: Planning
To develop future plans which embody visions/ images
physically and visually

• City: control of urbanization,
land use, urban facilities, etc.
Statutory urban
• District: land use, building use/ planning system
design, public facilities, etc.
• Local: color/ shape of buildings,
commercial activities, community Voluntary
activities, etc. regulation


City level: Urban Planning
Area
Rural /
Forest Area

Urban
Planning
Area
Boundary
Urbanization
Control Area

Urban
Growth
Boundary Urbanization
Promotion Area


District Plan

• Land use
• Building designs
• Public facilities

District Plan of Mano Area, Kobe City

Intensive Learning Session on Urban Planning under Market Economy Step 3: Planning

Planning of local/ community level
Shared Image: “Develop a attractive townscape
with unified design and greenery.”
Plans Measures
• Control building height • District plan
• Prohibit segmentation of land • Building agreement
• Control building use except for • Voluntary regulations/ rules
low-rise houses
• Agreement for green conservation
• Conserve green
• Voluntary activities by community

Regulation of building height Unified shop roofs


Step 4: Taking Actions
To identify feasible projects/ measures with time
framework, financial capacity and human resources

Vision/ Plans

Organization/
Legal Implementatio
Finance human
framework n schedule
resource

Local level
• Community • Community fund • Community leaders/ • Short-mid-long term
Based • Tax revenue groups project lists
Organization • Donation • Local governments • Regular events
• Voluntary • NGOs
regulations • Consultants/ experts


3. Introduction of Participatory Planning
– Ancient Quarter Pilot Project in Hanoi, Vietnam –

Net population density:
Ancient Quarter: 603per/ha
Average of Hanoi: 36per/ha


Basic Approaches of the Pilot Project
– Key aspects for sustainability -
• Cultural Sustainability • Residents
• Social Sustainability • Citizens of Hanoi
• Economic Sustainability • National/ Global Communities

Economic

Proposal on Pilot Project to Socio- Physical-
Economic AQ Economic
work out feasible sustainable Value
development mechanism for Social Socio- Physical
short-term implementation Physical

Cultural

Presentation
Preliminary Study Confirm Work Plan 1st S/H Meeting
• initial findings
Response,
• orientations
Input

Supplemental Survey Validate Issues
• needs of the people Group Discussions
• planning agenda

Planning (1) Discuss Solutions 2nd S/H Meeting
• alternative strategies
• proposed actions

Discuss Block/Street M/P
Planning (2) • long-term vision/ strategies Group Discussions
• short-term plans
• select priority action(s)

Planning (3) Implement Priority Local Counterpart
Action(s) Joint work Team (residents, S/H)

3rd S/H Meeting
Evaluation Criteria Evaluation

RECCOMENDATIONS
Project Flowchart • Feedback to AQ
development strategy


Participation of Stakeholders
• Consensus and support from stakeholders through
– participation to Stakeholder Meetings for discussion, idea
contribution, and common understanding
– Participation to Local Working Groups for field surveys and
Focus Group Discussions as requested
– approval and support for field survey implementation
– sharing information

• Some stakeholders directly participate in activities of the
project
– Communal authorities
– Leaders of residents in the selected block
– Residents


Field Survey and Planning by Local Working Group
Organize a local Formulate a vision,
Evaluate current Conduct priority action
working group strategies, and action
situation using various plans to consolidate
composed of local plans and select
participatory methods implementation
governments and priority actions to
and tools mechanism
leaders of residents implement

Façade Photo Shooting Living condition Assessment
Others
30.6%
Space
Sunligh 45.3%
t
7.8%
Air flow
16.3%

Dissatisfaction factors


“Photo Voice” Survey for Preservation of
Values participants (various ages,
Select
gender, occupations)

Set up themes for photo shooting
and training Photo shooting by residents Photo Voice Exhibition

Shoot Interview and
photos analyze

Commercial cultural space Rural characteristics
Identify values and issues

Gather public opinion to elaborate
proposals

Lifestyle and local practices Awareness of origin


Proposed Vision of the Ancient Quarter

AQ will be the most significant traditional
commercial and trade quarter enriched with
exquisite blend of cultural, social, economic and
living functions for the city as well as Vietnam


Proposed Model Block Hang Buom Street
will be a traditional
Plan commercial street

Original tube houses
will be renovated
and preserved

Inner courtyards provide better
Birdseye View of the Block living conditions and
community network.

Mid-rise buildings can be
built away from streets

Quang Lac Theater is a
Proposed traditional traditional asset that
façade streets needs to be revitalized.


Implementation of selected Action Plans at Street level

Residential meeting for Presentation by a residential Food event to promote
housing improvement leader traditional foods

Unification of pent roofs of Traditional festival Information board of a
shops traditional temple


4. Conclusion
If you are the governmental officials/ planners, please
consider the items below for participatory planning;

 Level of Measures for
participation •Participatory tool selection
 Timing of •Application for planning
participation •Replication to other areas
 Scale of Stakeholders selection
participation •Citizens/ community /residents
•Governments
•Private sectors
•Academe
•Donors, NGOs


Key for Success

• Pride of community, place, tradition, identity
• Strong leadership
• Relationship of trust
• Awareness of issues
• Anticipation for future improvement

How about the case in Ulaanbaatar City ?
Please tell us your experiences of trials and
errors, expectations for participatory planning.
Thank you for your attention !

Ubmps learning session_abe_en

Recomendados

Recomendados

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

Mais procurados (20)

Destaque

Destaque (10)

Semelhante a Ubmps learning session_abe_en

Semelhante a Ubmps learning session_abe_en (20)

Mais de Bayar Tsend

Mais de Bayar Tsend (20)

Ubmps learning session_abe_en