1. If you really get it then there is a geography sticker for you at the end
of the lesson!

2. Development Indicators
Development, what is it and how can it be
measured?

3. •Bilateral aid This is aid given from one country
to another, in the form of money, goods or
services.
•—Multilateral aid This is aid which comes from
several different countries - often through
international agencies such as the World Bank.
•—Tied aid is gifts of money, goods or services
that come with conditions attached. For example,
the recipient country may have to agree to spend
the money in particular ways introduce specific
economic reforms allow companies from the
donor country to set up or sell goods in the
recipient country spend the money on goods and
services from the donor country. Both bilateral and
multilateral aid may be tied in this way.
•—Non-governmental aid This comes from
NGOs such as Save the Children, UNICEF and
Oxfam, which provide money and professional
support paid for by donations from members of
the public across the world. This type of aid is less
likely to come with any conditions attached.
Aid…What is it and how can it vary over time (short and
long term aid)?

4. A Case Study of Aid – Water Aid, Mali

5. Primary Secondary Tertiary
71% 12% 17%
India’s employment structure
Primary Secondary Tertiary
2% 28% 70%
UK’s employment structure
How does employment structure
change?

6. Case Studies
LEDC – Brazil, South East Region
MEDC – UK, Newcastle
Locational factors of differing economic activity…

7. A multinational
company is one
that operates in
more than one
country across
the world.
How do multinational companies affect development?

8. How can economic activity affect the physical environment …
CASE STUDY – China Pearl River Delta
The possible solutions –
The government has pledged to reduce chemical pollution by 15% in 2010 and cut sulphur dioxide emissions by 15%.
They have introduced several measures to tackle the problem, such as
•Higher sewage treatment charges
•Sticter pollution regulations on factories
•Tougher national regulations on vehicle emissions
The Government is encouraging the movement of manufacturing up the value chain e.g. producing more hi-tech goods. The
technology for this is now cleaner. Also a shift towards tertiary industries which are also cleaner. E.g., it is moving up the
graph from last lesson, having the luxury to be more environmentally aware, and also shifting from secondary to tertiary
sectors.
Greenpeace published a report entitled “Poisoning the Pearl: An investigation into industrial water pollution in the Pearl
River Delta” on 28 October 2009 to help put pressure on companies and the government to act but they have been slow to
do so as they fear this will limit their economic growth

9. Economic Activity and Climate Change…

10. Economic development case study
questions
Place/Example Key ideas/content
2006
QC6
For an aid or investment programme that
you have studied:
(i) Name and locate the programme;
(ii) Describe with specific detail the main
features of the programme;
(iii) How sustainable is the programme?
2009
QC6
For a specific example of an economic
activity that you have studied (for
example a farm, factory, supermarket or
theme park);
(i) Name and locate the economic
activity;
(ii) With reference to specific detail,
describe and explain the factors affecting
its location.
Sample
Name and locate an economic activity.
How has the economic activity affected
the natural environment? What has been
done to minimise damage to the
environment?
Sample
Name and locate an aid project.
Describe the main features of the project.
Explain how the project is sustainable.

11. 2010
Q3
Name and locate an example of an
economic activity you have studied in an
LEDC. Explain why this economic activity
is located in this LEDC. What factors
might influence decisions about whether
the named economic activity remains at
this location in the future?
2010
Q4
Name a multi-national company you have
studied and a country where it is located.
Explain how the multi-national company
affects local people and the overall
economy of the country.
2011
Q3
Name and locate an aid project.
Describe the main features of the project.
To what extent is the project sustainable?
2011
Q4
Name and locate an economic activity.
Describe how this economic activity has
affected the natural physical
environment. How has conflict between
economic development and the
environment been managed?