1. 2 – Operating Systems
Marian Marinov Borislav Varadinov
CEO of 1H Ltd. System Administrator
mm@1h.com bobi [ at ] itp.bg
2.
3.
4. What is Operating System?
➢ To manages hardware resources.
➢ To provides common services for
the application developers.
➢To acts as an intermediary
between the user(s) and the
computer system. From a user’s
point of view, the operating system
is there to execute programs.
14. Multi-platform
➢ 27 CPU Architectures
➢ x86 / x86_64
➢ RISC / PA-RISC
➢ SPARC
➢ ARM
➢ 24 x86 CPU types
➢ 486/586/K5...
➢ Athlon/Opteron
➢ Cyrix
➢ AMD Elan
➢ Winchip
➢ Intel Pentium*, Atom, Core*
15. Memory Manager (MM)
➢ Does the physical memory allocation
➢ Implements Physical Address Extension
(PAE)
➢ Linux specific allocation
➢ SLAB – per cpu and per node queues
➢ SLUB – faster and default
➢ SLOB – fragmentation
➢ Memory compaction
➢ Huge pages
18. File Systems
➢ The Virtual File System(VFS) layer is the
'One ring to rule them all' system in terms of
file systems.
➢ It is responsible for the main file system
cache
19. ➢ Devices
Network Et
W he
W i F i rn
G iM et
➢ Drivers A PR ax
m S
at /H
➢ Protocols eu S
r R DP
ad A
io
ARP
IP
MP
IC P
UD
SC TCP
DC TP
RD CP
Tu AN es
B. S
VL idg
A.
nn s
s
T.M
el
Br
.A
.N
.
22. I/O scheduling
➢Linux I/O schedulers
➢ Completely Fair Queuing - per-process
queues and then allocates time slices for
each of the queues to access the disk
➢ Anticipatory - "anticipating" synchronous
read, good for video streaming
➢ Deadline - imposing a deadline on all I/O
operations to prevent starvation of requests
➢ Noop - simple FIFO queue and implements
request merging
23. Network scheduling
➢ Windows
➢ Linux
➢ Traffic queuing with
different 23 different QoS
mechanisms
➢ INGRESS and
EGRESS queuing