2. - + + - - - - + + + Anions Cations electrolyte Anode ELECTROLYTIC CELL cathode

3. Electrochemical Series Cu + H + Pb + Sn + Na + K + Ca + Mg + Al + Zn + Fe + Cl - Ag + NO 3 - SO 4 2- F - Br - OH - I - CATIONS ANIONS MORE EASY TO DISCHARGE

4. OH - Cl- Carbon H + H + OH - Hydrochloric acid Solution Cl - 1 Electrolysis of HCl aqueous Cl -

5. Step to identify ion in electrolysis of aqueous solution 1. Identify all ion present in aqueous solution 2. Identify ion moving to cathode and anode electrode 3. Identify the ion that will be discharge in cathode and anode 4. Write half equation in cathode and anode

10. STEP TO WRITE HALF EQUATION OF DISCHARGE ION 1. Write reactant and product of reaction 2. Balance the number of atom in both equations 3. Balance the charge of both equation by adding of electron

11. OBSERVATION EXPERIMENT 6.2 Gas bubles are released. A colourless gas which burns with a pop sound is produced. A greenish-yellow gas with a pungent and choking smell is realesed. The gas turns the blue litmus paper red and then white. Concentrated HCl Gas bubbles are released. A colourless gas which burns with a pop sound is produced Gas bubble are released. A colourless gas which relights a glowing splinter is produced DILUTED HCl Cathode Anode SOLUTION

13. OBSERVATION EXPERIMENT 6.3 COPPER CARBON ELECTRODE The cathode becomes thicker. Copper electrode dissoves into the solution. The anode become thinner. THE INTENSITY OF THE BLUE COLOUR OF THE ELECTROLYTE REMAINS UNCHANGED A reddish-brown solid is deposited on the cathode. Gas bubble are released. A colourless gas which relights a glowing splinter is produced THE INTENSITY OF THE BLUE COLOUR OF THE ELECTROLYTE DECREASE Cathode Anode ELECTROLYTE