1.
Mara
Clements
Ben
Powers
Alana
Zbaren

2. • Sexual
Orientation
• Emotional,
romantic,
or
sexual
attractions
to
the
opposite
sex,
the
same
sex,
both,
or
neither,
and
the
genders
that
accompany
them
• Gender
• Socially
constructed
roles,
behaviours,
activities,
and
attributes
that
a
given
society
considers
appropriate
for
men
and
women.
• Video
• Sex
• Biological
and
physiological
characteristics
that
define
men
and
women.
• Heterosexism:
• Oppression
by
neglect,
omission,
erasure,
and
distortion;
relating
to
the
normalization
and
privileging
of
heterosexuality
on
the
personal/
interpersonal,
institutional,
and
societal
levels

3. • Klein
Sexual
Orientation
Grid

4. • Before
the
AIDS
epidemic,
most
lesbians
and
gays
lived
closeted
lives
o People's
response
was
ignorance,
fear,
and
prejudice
o Television
mirrors
life
• AIDS
epidemic
heightened
public
awareness
o Lesbian
and
gay
characters
had
more
normalized
roles

5. • Networks
will
have
gay
characters
as
long
as
the
ratings
are
high,
they
generate
profits
for
advertisers
and
they
do
not
show
gay
romances
o Will
and
Grace
• Gay/Straight
Romance:
o Portrayal
of
a
gay
man
and
straight
woman
as
the
perfect
couple:
§ My
Best
Friend's
Wedding

6. • Ellen
Morgan,
played
by
Ellen
DeGeneres,
is
about
a
bookstore
owner
in
her
30s
• Series
centered
around
Ellen
dealing
with
her
quirky
friends,
her
family
and
the
problems
of
daily
life
• Dealing
with
her
sexual
identity
in
3
episodes:
o Self
discovery
o Come
out
to
parents
o Come
out
in
workplace

7. • Created
an
opportunity
to
dispel
myths
and
misconceptions
• Provided
a
common
vehicle
for
coming
out
• Changed
the
second
class
status
of
gay
people

8. • Ellen
DeGeneres’s
coming
out
provided
a
positive
role
model
for
gays
and
lesbians
• Not
many
positive
role
models
for
gays
of
color
• Discrimination
and
antigay
violence
are
common
experiences
for
lesbians
and
gay
males,
most
frequent
targets
are
ethnic
minority
lesbians
and
gay
youth

9. • Glee
o Kurt,
a
stereotypical
gay
portrayal
o Kerofsky,
a
bully
and
football
jock
• Skins
o Anwar,
and
Muslim
boy
who
struggles
with
his
strict
upbringing
• Harry
Potter
o Dumbledore,
not
defined
by
his
sexual
orientation

10. • Cameron
and
Mitchell
• A
gay
couple
with
an
Asian
baby,
Lily
• How
far
it
has
come,
and
how
far
is
still
has
to
go:
o Cameron
and
Mitchell
have
an
equal
representation
within
the
3
families
o Mitchell
and
Cameron
rarely
touch
o Has
to
acknowledge
the
challenges
as
well
as
joys

11. • Increased
contact
with
gay
people
result
in
more
positive
attitudes
about
them
• Increased
role
modes
in
the
community
• Increased
positive
representations
of
characters
on
television
and
movies
o Discuss
troubles
gays
face
o Normalize
homosexuality

12. ¡ "I
would
like
to
see
every
gay
lawyer,
every
gay
architect
come
out,
stand
up
and
let
the
world
know.
That
would
do
more
to
end
prejudice
overnight
that
anyone
could
imagine"
-­‐
Harvey
Milk

13. • For
The
Bible
Tells
Me
So

14. • Early
Views:
• Homosexuality
and
Condemnation
• Judaic
viewpoints:
• Procreation
• Lesbianism
• Fear
of
assimilation
to
neighboring
cultures
• Christian
Viewpoint:
• Suspicious
towards
sexuality
• Sinful
• Year
1300:
• A
homosexual
act
was
enough
to
warrant
the
death
penalty

15. • Early
Views:
• St.
Thomas
Aquinas:
• Summa
Theologiae
• "Sins
Against
Nature"
• Protestant
Movement:
• "Contrary
to
Nature"
• Beliefs
carried
to
the
New
World
• "Crimes
Against
nature"
and
Civil
Law

16. • Recent
Views:
• Introduction
to
science
eroded
traditional
religious
perspectives
on
sexuality
• Mid
20th
Century:
• Liberation
and
progression
• Support
for
lesbian
and
gay
community
• First
gay
church
in
Los
Angeles,
CA
• Decriminalization
of
homosexual
activities
• DIGNITY
-­‐
Catholic
organization
• Judaism
and
Rectonstructionist
movement

17. • Recent
Views:
• The
Sacred
Congregation
for
the
Doctrine
of
the
Faith
• "Declaration
on
Certain
Questions
Concerning
Sexual
Ethics"
• United
Church
of
Christ
• Evangelical
Lutheran
Church
in
America

18. • Judaism:
o No
unanimous
answer
for
homosexuality
• Islam:
o Islam
and
homosexuality
are
mutally
incompatable;
it
is
forbidden
• Buddhism:
o Theravada
Buddhism
-­‐
Not
explicity
menioned
in
any
of
Buddha's
sayings;
not
very
open
to
homosexual
practice
o Tibetan
Buddhism
-­‐
Considered
sexual
misconduct

19. • Federal
Government
• DOMA
• State-­‐by-­‐State:
Support
Gay
Marriage
• Connecticut
• Iowa
• Massachusetts
• New
Hampshire
• New
York
• Vermont
• Washington
D.C.

20. • Proposition
8
• May
2008:
California
Supreme
Court
ruled
barring
same-­‐
sex
couples
from
marrying
violated
the
state's
constitution
• November
2008:
Voters
approved
Propsition
8
-­‐
defining
marriage
as
one
man
and
one
woman

21. • 2012
General
Election
• Voters
will
decide
if
the
Minnesota
Constitution
should
be
amended
by
adding
article
XIII,
which
will
recognizes
marriage
as
only
a
union
between
one
man
and
one
woman

22. • Minnesota
for
Marriage:
• http://www.minnesotaformarriage.com/why/
• Senator
Barb
Goodwin,
DFL
–
Columbia
Heights:
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKuP2a9gM-­‐
U&feature=relmfu
• Freedom
to
Marry:
• http://www.freedomtomarry.org/

23. • History
of
psychoanalytic
and
behavioral
treatment
• Reduction
of
behavior
incongruous
with
gender/sexual
orientation
role
• Aversion
therapy
-­‐
Induce
nausea
through
medication
• Almost
exclusively
Christian
aligned
• Also
referred
to
as
Conversion
or
Corrective
Therapy

24. • According
to
a
2009
APA
Task
Force
• "therapies
designed
as
SOCE
for
homosexuality
were
innappropriate,
unethical,
and
inhumane"
• Poor
representative
samples
in
studies
• All
Christian
or
bisexual
Identified
• All
positive
results
can
be
attributed
to
common
therapeutic
factors
• Social
support,
empathy
• Identity
exploration
and
development
• Increases
stigma,
feelings
of
shame,
belief
that
sexual
orientation
is
choice

25. • Overly
directive
treatment
focused
on
specific
outcome
• Unsound
or
unproven
interventions
(SOCE)
• Misinformation
about
treatment
outcomes
• Unrealistic
about
ability
to
change

26. • Same
sex
attractions
are
normal
and
healthy
• Sexual
minorities
are
stigmatized
and
experience
minority
stress
• Find
acceptance
and
support
systems
• Engage
in
identity
exploration
and
development
• Sexual
orientation
only
one
of
client's
identities
• Great
deal
of
diversity
within
GLBT
community

27. • 60-­‐77%
of
gays
and
lesbians
come
out
• Increases
relational
satisfaction
for
individual
• In
romantic
and
platonic
relationships
• Client
must
be
relatively
stable,
have
support
• Client
should
assess
how
they
believe
others
will
react

28. • Family,
friend's
reactions
may
be
negative
• Need
time
to
grieve
heterosexual
image
of
individual
• Unrealistic
expectations,
stigma,
stereotypes
• Maintain
open
communication,
avoid
estrangement
• Perceptions
likely
to
improve
with
time
• Individual
may
feel
confused
or
scared
• May
benefit
from
group
therapy
• Remind
individual
of
own
sexual
realization
to
foster
empathy
• Similar
to
cognitive
restructuring
treatments

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