Diseases of cattle

3. cWcs’khvkslhl YkkyjDrd.k cWcs’kh;k

4. Indirect: Infected ticks inject the infective sporozoite stage into the mammalian host and the parasites enter erythrocytes where they multiply by binary fission. After division, merozoites invade other erythrocytes. Ticks become infected by the ingestion of intraerythrocytic parasites, called piroplasms. Sexual development occurs in the tick . B. bigemina is transmitted transtadially (one tick stage to another stage); in addition, it can invade the ovaries of adult female ticks, so can be transmitted transovarially within the tick's developing larval cells.

5. y{k.kscWcs’khvkslhl [kqiRkki 105 rs 107 QWjukbZV- jDrikrGgksrs &vWfufe;k Yk?kohyky] dkWQhizek.ksdkGiV- ygkuxqjkary?kohyky u fnlrkghgkvktkjgksm ‘kdrks- ‘ks.kkpsxksGsykacqGdsiMRkkr& vkrM;kP;kvkdaqpukeqGs- dkghtukaojkaresanqojvk/kkr >kY;keqGsxqjsekxP;kik;kuspkyq ‘kdrukghr] osM;klkj[khdjrkar o cs’kq/nkoLrsrejrkar-

6. mipkj o izfrca/kucWcs’khvkslhl csjsuhy 0-8 xzWe ¼ckVyhryk ,d pepk½ 10 ehyhik.;krqunj 100 fdyksotukekxs- Luk;qokVs MsDLVªkst 20 VDds] 1 fyVjf’kjsrqu Ckh 1] ch 6] ch 12 gh c oxkZryhftoulRosLuk;qokVs izfrca/ku% xksphMizfrca/ku

7. Fkk;ysfj;klhl xksphMkaeqGs ;k jksxkpstarqjDrkrf’kjrkr- ^Fkk;ysfj;kvWuqykVk* gstarq ,d is’kh; ijksithohtarqvlqurkacM;kjDris’khaoj ok<rkr- rkacM;kis’khapkuk’kgksrks- jDrkrhyfgeksXykschupsizek.kdehgksrs- ;k tarqaeqGsfyaQxzaFkhlqtrkr-

8. lqq{en’kZd ;arzk[kkyhvukIyk>EkkekthZusy vukIyk>EkkekthZusy

9. Fkk;ysfj;klhl y{k.ks vfrrhozvktkj%rki 104 rs 106 QW- rkacM;kjDris’kh >ikV~;kusejrkr- jksxtarqeqGsfo”kr;kjgksrs o R;keqGsxqjs 1 rs 4 fnolkarejrkr- mipkjd#uQjdiMrukgh- rhozvktkj% ;krxqjkaukrki ;srks] fyaQxzaFkhlqtrkr] xqjslqLrvlrkr] vktkjkpkdkG 8 rs 10 fnol o dkghdslsl e/ks 15 fnolvlrks- ;ksX; osGhmipkj >kY;kl 50 VDds is{kktkLrdslsl c&;k gksrkr-

10. Fkk;ysfj;klhl y{k.ks tqukvktkj% rkikpsizek.ktkLrulrs- vWuhfe;kph y{k.ksvk<Grkr- vktkj 20 rs 30 fnolfdaoktkLrgksrk- ;ksX; osGhdsYksY;kmipkjkus 90 VDds is{kktkLrdslsl c&;k gksrkr-

11. mipkj% Fkk;ysfj;klhl VsVªklk;Dyhu 5 rs 10 eh-xzWe- njfdyksotukekxs] ‘khjsrquns.ks- gs 20 eh-xzWei;Zarnsrk ;srs- iwjdmipkj% MsDLVªkst20 VDds 1 fyVj ‘khjsrqunjjkst] c oxkZrhythoulRos] yksgvkBoM~;k rqu ,dnk- ;k vktkjkrxqjkphizfrdkjd ‘kDrh] ‘kqJq”kk] iqjdmipkjgsegRokpsvkgs- dkghosGktarq ;d`rkojgYykdjrkr o dkfoGhph y{k.ksfnlrkr] v’kkosGkvkS”k/kkapkmi;ksxgksrukgh-

12. vWukIyk>ekslhl vWukIyk>eklsaVªsy o ekthZusy ;k jDrkoj ok<.kk&;k ijksithokaiklqugksrks- gsijksithorkacM;kis’khaoj ok<rkr o R;keqGs ;k is’khejrkr o vWfufe;kgksrks- Yk{k.ks% [kqirki] jDris’khaph la[;k 60 yk[k izrhfeyhehVjo#u 15 yk[k i;Zar ;srs- mipkj % VsVªklk;Dyhu 10 ehyhxzWeizfrfdyks] iqjdmipkjtlsMsDLVªkst] chdkWEYisDlbZ-

13. ljkfVªªiWukslkseh;klhl ;k ijksithohaukfVªªiWukslksekvlsEg.krkr- pko.kk&;k ek’kkaiklqugkjksxiljrks- Rkyko] dWuky o ckxk;rhHkkx ;k e/ksgkjksxtkLrvk<Grks- gkjksx ‘ksG;k] esa<;k] maV o ?kksMk ;k e/ksghvk<Grks- YklVksp.khP;kdk;Zdzekrlq;kmdGqu u ?ksRkY;klgksjksxil# ‘kdrks-

14. lqq{en’kZd ;arzk[kkyhfVªiWukslksek ykyjDrd.k fVªiWukslksek

15. Yk{k.ksfVªªiWukslkseh;klhl rhozvktkj% rki] MksGsyky] xqjslqLr] ex tehuhojvkMohiMrkr] ik; FkjFkjdkirkr] xksyxksyfQj.ks] ykGxG.ks] >kMkyk] fHkarhyk /kMdk- dkghosGkvpkudvka/kGsi.kk] osMkps >Vdsfnlrkr- Tkqukvktkj% rkivlsypvlsukgh] nq/k ns ;kpsizek.kdeh] lqLr] [kk.ksdeh- tqU;kvktkjkrik;kojlqt- dkghosGkxkbZEg’khcl.;kpsVkGrkr- y?kohpkjaxik.;klkj[kkjaxghuvlrks-

16. mipkjfVªªiWukslkseh;klhl mipkj% vWUVªªhlkbZMizkslkYV 2-5 xzWe ¼vk;- lh- vk;½ fdaokVªk;Dohu ¼oksdkMZ½ fdaokVªk;csDlhufdaokdkWjhMkWu] rsOgkUklk; ¼jWucWDlh½ 3 xzWe 20 ehyh ‘kq?nik.;kr] ekusojdkrMh[kkyhbatsD’ku] ;k jksxkrmipkjdjrkauk u pqdrkMsDLVªªkst 20 VDds] 1 fyVj |kos- rhozvktkjkr 12 rs 15 rklkauhiqUgkmipkjdjkosykxrkr-

17. Fkk;ysfj;klhl

18. rhokfdaokMsaxqrki gkfo”kk.kqtU; ¼Ogk;jl½ vktkjvkgs- fpYkVkaeqGsgkjksxiljrks- Ikzkeq[;kuseksB;ktukojkrtkLrvkBGrks- Yk{k.ks%Hkjiqjrki] Luk;qapsFkjFkjdki.ks] yaxM.ks Mipkj% uksOgkythu] vWUVhck;ksVhdbZtsD’ku] lksMh;elWfylhysVbatsD’kus 20 rs 40 feyh-