The document discusses several operating systems developed by various computer companies including Acorn Computers, Apple, Amiga, Atari, and others. It provides details on Arthur, RISC OS, Mac OS, AmigaOS, Newton OS, AEGIS, Domain/OS, and other operating systems. It also discusses the companies that developed these operating systems such as Acorn, Apple, Commodore, and Atari.
52. Atari DOS is the disk operating system used with the Atari 8-bit family of computers. Operating system extensions loaded into memory were required in order for an Atari computer to access a disk drive. These extensions to the operating system added the disk handler and other file management features. The most important extension is the disk handler. In Atari DOS 2.0, this was the File Management System (FMS), an implementation of a file system loaded from a floppy disk. This meant at least an additional 32K RAM memory was needed to run with DOS loaded,.
56. Details The Atari TOS debuted with the Atari 520ST in 1985. TOS combines Digital Research's GEM GUI running on top of the DOS-like GEMDOS. Features include a flat memory model, MS-DOS-compatible disk format, support for MIDI, and a variant of SCSI called ACSI in later versions. Atari's TOS is run from ROM chips contained in the computer, thus before local hard drives were available in home computers it was an almost instant-running OS. TOS originally booted off floppy disks but later ST models came with the latest version of TOS in ROM.
60. MultiTOS is an operating system developed by Atari. It is an improved version of TOS for the Atari personal computers. MultiTOS allows multitasking. MultiTOS was the last version of TOS ever to be released by Atari. MultiTOS is a combination of 2 system components; the OS kernel ( MiNT ) and the graphical user interface ( AES 4.0). MultiTOS was supplied with the Falcon 030 range of computers from Atari
64. was originally developed by the company Be with the former Apple coworker Jean-Louis Gasseè for its own type of computer, the BeBox. It contains 2 power PC CPUs and was equipped with maximally with 256 Mbyte of RAM. BeOS is written from sratch and does not contain obsolete operating system design concepts. Designed as a single user operating system BeOS unfolds his optimal efficiency on multi-processor systems with several parallel running programs through it modern multi-thread based structure. BeOS basically does not run other applications that are not developed for this operating system. This operating system is only available in English, French and Japanese languages.
65. BeOS 4.5 boot process 5.0 - multi-threading for optimized performance
67. BeIA (Be Internet Appliances) is a software platform which offers particularly simple access to Internet applications. It is based on BeOS and was scale-downed strongly. BeIA differentiates from BeOS by the platform independence and the specialization for multimedia and Internet applications for devices like web pads, settop or Internet boxes. Applications are surfing in the internet, audio streaming, video playback and e-mail communication. The system boots particularly fast, was developed for the x86 and PowerPC architecture and needs at least 8 mbyte fixed storage (harddisk, CompactFlash) as well as 32 mbyte RAM. BeIA was licensed for a small selection of devices of Sony, Compaq and Qubit. Sony presented a product named eVilla™ on the base of BeIA 1.0 for internet access. Sony released a press report on 30th August, 2001 that this product is not continued any more because of the low market success.
69. The Burroughs large systems were the largest of three series of Burroughs Corporation mainframe computers. Founded in the 1880s, Burroughs was the oldest continuously operating entity in computing, but by the late 1950s its computing equipment was still limited to electromechanical accounting machines such as the Sensimatic; as such it had nothing to compete with its traditional rivals IBM and NCR who had started to produce larger-scale computers, or with recently-founded Univac . The first machine, the B5000, was designed in 1961 and Burroughs sought to address its late entry in the market with the strategy of a completely different design based on the most advanced computing ideas available at the time. Computers using this architecture were still in production in 2005 as the Unisys ClearPath/MCP machines. Unisys now uses Intel Xeon processors, and run MCP , Microsoft Windows and Linux operating systems on their servers.
71. The MCP (Master Control Program) is the proprietary operating system of the Burroughs large systems including the Unisys Clearpath/MCP systems. Originally written in 1961 in ESPOL (Executive Systems Programming Language), which itself was an extension of Burroughs Extended ALGOL , in the 1970s it was converted to NEWP , a better structured, more robust, and more secure form of ESPOL. The MCP was the first operating system to manage multiple processors and the first commercial implementation of virtual memory, among numerous other advances
73. Convergent Technologies was a company formed by a small group of people who left Intel Corporation and Xerox PARC in 1979. Convergent Technologies' first product was the IWS (Integrated Workstation) tower based on the Intel 8086 , which ran Convergent Technologies Operating System - their first operating system. The next product was a cost-reduced desktop version called the AWS (Advanced Workstation). Both of these workstations ran in an RS-422 clustered environment under a proprietary operating system known as CTOS . In 1982, Convergent formed a new division to focus on a multi-processor computer known as the MegaFrame . The MegaFrame ran a [[Unix|UNIX] System 3]-derived operating system called CTIX on multiple Motorola 68010 processors. Three other I/O processor boards could also be place in the system, the File Processor , the Cluster Processor , and the Terminal Processor . All I/O processor boards were based on the Intel 80186 and ran a scaled down version of CTOS . Convergent later used the Motorola 68010 in their MiniFrame , and later Motorola 68020 and 68040 processors in their VME-based MightyFrame systems, all also running CTIX . Supplanting the IWS was the AWS (Advanced Workstation) which itself was replaced by the NGEN (New or Next Generation) workstation and used by Prime Computer as a word processing workstation; The "Prime Producer 100". The NGEN was known to Burroughs users as the B25, to Prime as the "Prime Producer 200", and was included the Intel 80186 CPU chip .
75. Operating Convergent Technologies System or CTOS is a multi-user operating system developed by Convergent Technologies. CTOS is a character based, multi-processing, pre-emptive multitasking, true message-based, microkernel OS. CTOS file system was hierarchical and allowed very long file names. Security was also hierarchical. Most of the system programs were written in PL/M, an ALGOL-like language from Intel which compiled directly to object code without a runtime library. Convergent Technologies Integrated Workstation based on the Intel 8086 processor used CTOS as its operating system. CTOS ran on Intel X86 computers, and could run concurrently with Windows NT. CTOS is no longer marketed today.
