3.  FISSION REACTION.
 FUSION REACTION.

5. • FLASH.
• FIREBALL.
• THERMAL HEAT PULSE OF THERMAL
RADIATION.
• PRESSURE WAVE.
• RADN.
– INITIAL RADN.
– RESIDUAL RADN.
– TRANSIENT RADIATION EFFECTS ON
ELECTRONICS (TREE).
• ELECTRO-MAGNETIC PHENOMENON (EMP).
• A PROMINENT CLOUD.

7.  YIELD OF THE WPN.
 DIST FROM GROUND ZERO.
 HT OF BURST.
 DEG OF PROTECTION OF THE TGT.
 ERRORS OF VARIOUS TYPES.
 WEATHER.

9.  EXO-ATMOSPHERIC.
 ENDO-ATMOSPHERIC.
– HIGH ALT AIR BURST.
– AIR BURST.
– SURFACE OR GRND BURST.
– SUB-SURFACE BURST.
– UNDERWATER BURST.

11. FLASH EFFECTS
 DAZZLE. (RESULTS DEPEND ON)
 INDL EYE CHARACTERISTICS, IN TERMS OF, BLINK
REFLEX TIME & SENSITIVITY.
 THE DEG OF EYE ADAPTATION TO DARKNESS OF
THE NIGHT.
 THE ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS AFFECTING LIGHT
SCATTER & ABSORPTION.
 EYE DAMAGE.
 ONLY 2% TO 3% OF DAZZLED SUFFER RETINAL
BURNS.
 ONLY 0.1% SUFFER PERMANENT BLINDNESS IN ONE
OR BOTH EYES.

12. HEAT OR THERMAL EFFECTS
 TO MEN.
 BURN DUE TO EXPOSURE.
 BURN DUE TO CHARRED CLOTHING.
 TO MTRL.

13. BLAST EFFECTS
 PRESSURE WAVE COMPONENTS.
 STATIC OVER-PRESSURE.
 UNDER PRESSURE.
 DYNAMIC PRESSURE.
 EFFECT ON PERSONNEL.
 THE COLLAPSE OF BLDGS & FD DEF OR
OVERTURNING OF VEH.
 THE IMPACT OF FLYING DEBRIS.
 INJURIES CAUSED TO PERS BY BEING
PICKED UP & FLUNG BY THE WIND.

14. BLAST EFFECTS
 RESOURCE DAMAGE.
 ANT BROKEN OFF; CABLES STRETCHED & SEVERED.
 VEH, AC & EQPT OVERTURNED.
 BLDGS & FD DEF CRASHED.
 EARTHWORKS COLLAPSED BY THE GRND SHOCK
WAVE.
 SUP, EQPT & WPN BLOWN AWAY BY THE WINDS.
 TRN EFFECT.
 BLOW DOWN OF STRUCTURES & TREES.
 PRESSURE WAVE FOLLOWS GRND UNDULATIONS.

16. CL OF NBC CAS
 PRIORITY ONE.
 18% TO 60% OF THE SKIN BURNT.
 REQUIRE URGENT TREATMENT TO SAVE LIFE.
 PRIORITY TWO.
 LESS THAN 18% OF THE SKIN BURNT.
 TREATMENT WILL SPEED UP REC.
 PRIORITY THREE.
 MORE THAN 60% OF THE SKIN BURNT.
 LIKELY TO BE FATAL IN SPITE OF TREATMENT.

18. TYPES OF NUC RADN
 INITIAL.
 RESIDUAL.
 NEUTRON INDUCED ACTIVITY.
 FALLOUT.

20. SYMPTOMS OF RADN DAMAGE
 INITIAL SYMPTOMS OF HEADACHE, NAUSEA,
VOMITING, DIARRHOEA & GENERAL MALAISE.
 A SYMPTOM-FREE PD WITH APPARENT REC.
 THE DEVP OF LATENT SYMPTOMS SUCH AS LOSS
OF HAIR & APPETITE, SORE THROAT, FEVER,
HEMORRHAGES, PROLONGED INCAPACITATION OR
DEATH.

22. TREE
 TRANSIENT RADN EFFECT ON ELECTRONICS.
 ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS ARE AT RISK.
 RADN PULSE IS TRANSIENT BUT THE EFFECTS ON
ELECTRONICS MAY BE PERMT.

23. EMP
 ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE.
 MAY CAUSE:-
 BREAKDOWN OF INSULATION IN CABLES &
COMPONENTS.
 TRIPPING OF RELAYS & CCT BREAKERS.
 BURNOUT OF COMPONENTS WITHIN EQPT.
 CORRUPTION OR CLEARANCE OF ELECTRONIC
DATA STORES.
 EXPL FAILURE OF SUSCEPTIBLE EQPT, WHICH MAY
CAUSE HUMAN INJURY AS A SECONDARY EFFECT.

25. CHEM WPN
 WPNS BASED ON THE TOXIC PROPERTIES OF CHEM.
 A CHEM WPN CONSISTS OF A PAYLOAD – THE CHEM
AGENT & A MUNITION TO DISSEMINATE IT OVER THE TGT.
 INVADE INTO THE TGT POPULATION THROUGH
INHALATION, INJECTION OR INGESTION.
 POOR MAN’S ATOM BOMB.

26. CL OF CHEM WPNS
 MILITARY USE.
 KILLER AGENTS.
 INCAPACITATING AGENTS.
 RIOT CONTROL AGENTS.
 DURATION OF EFFECTIVENESS.
 NON-PERSISTENT.
 PERSISTENT.

27. CL OF CHEM WPNS
EFFECTS ON THE BODY
 KILLER AGENTS.
NERVE AGENT.
BLISTER AGENTS.
BLOOD AGENTS.
CHOKING AGENTS.
 INCAPACITATING AGENTS.
NOSE (VOMITING) AGENTS.
MENTAL INCAPACITATORS.
PHYSICAL INCAPACITATORS.
 RIOT CONTROL AGENTS.

29. MEANS OF DISSEMINATION OF CHEM WPNS
 LIQUID DROPLETS OR SPRAY, LIKE RAIN.
 LIQUID AEROSOLS, LIKE A FINE MIST, SMALL
ENOUGH TO BE INHALED.
 VERY SMALL PARTICLES OF SOLIDS, LIKE
SMOKE.
 VAPOUR, OR TRUE GAS.

30. QUESTION 13
WHAT ARE BIOLOGICAL AGENTS?

31. BIOLOGICAL AGENTS
 AGENTS ABLE TO PRODUCE A DISEASE FOR
WHICH THERE IS MINIMAL IMMUNITY IN THE
TARGET POPULATION.
 TYPES.
 BACTERIA.
 RICKETTSIA.
 VIRUS.
 FUNGI.

32. QUESTION 14
WHAT IS THE OP CL OF BIOLOGICAL
WPNS?

33. CL OF BIOLOGICAL AGENTS
 LETHAL & TRANSMISSIBLE.
 LETHAL & NON-TRANSMISSIBLE.
 INCAPACITATING (NON-LETHAL) &
TRANSMISSIBLE.
 INCAPACITATING & NON-TRANSMISSIBLE.

34. QUESTION 15
WHAT ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECT
THE USE OF MICRO-ORGANISMS AS AIR-
BORNE BW AGENTS & THUS REDUCE
THEIR EFFECTIVENESS?

35. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON BIOLOGICAL
AGENTS
 ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY.
 WIND SPEED.
 TEMPERATURE & HUMIDITY.
 ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION.
 SUNLIGHT.
 PRECIPITATION.

36. QUESTION 16
WHAT ARE THE ROUTES OF ENTRY
FOR BIOLOGICAL AGENTS?

37. ROUTES OF ENTRY
 THE SKIN.
 THE DIGESTIVE TRACT.
 THE BREATHING ROUTE.

38. QUESTION 17
HOW ARE BIOLOGICAL AGENTS
DELIVERED?

39. DEL OF BIOLOGICAL WPNS
 ‘SOUP’.
 VECTORS.
 EXPLOSIVE MUNITIONS.
 GENERATORS.
 SPRAY TANKS.
 LIKELY DELIVERY METHODS.
 DIRECT RELEASE OF SPORES,OR AGENT SOUP TO
CONTAMINATE GRND.
 DIRECT DEL OF AGENT BY CL&ESTINE ACTION.
 RELEASE ON TO THE PREVAILING WIND IN
AEROSOL SUSPENSION AS: -
 LIQUID AGENT SOUP.
 SPORES OR DRIED POWDERED AGENT.

40. QUESTION 18
WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF PROTECTION
MEASURES IN NBC ENVIRONMENT?

41. PROTECTIVE MEASURES
 INDIVIDUAL.
 COLLECTIVE.
 CONTAMINATION FREE ENVIRONMENT
FOR CP, FDC & COMCENs.
 ENHANCE THE EFF OF CREW-SERVED
WPNS & COMBAT VEH BY PERMITTING
CREWS TO OPERATE WITHOUT IPE.
 PROVIDE A CLEAN ENVIRONMENT TO
ADMINISTER MED AID.
 PROVIDE A PLACE FOR REST & RELIEF.
 PROVIDE A PLACE FOR CONTINUOUS LGS
SP.

42. QUESTION 19
WHAT MEASURES WILL YOU TAKE TO
PREVENT THE CONTAMINATED AIR FROM
ENTERING THE SHELTER?

43. PROTECTIONSEALING OF THE SHELTER.
 HERMETICAL OF SHELTER
 SPL ENTRANCE / AIR LOCKS.
 OVER PRESSURE.
 USE OF FILTER VENTILATION DEVICES.
 ADOPTING SLIDING DOORS.
 CONTROLLING ENTRY / EXIT OF PERS IN
GPs.
 MEASURES AGAINST CHEM
CONTAMINATION.
 MEASURES AGAINST RADIOACTIVE DUST.
 MEASURES AGAINST BIOLOGICAL
CONTAMINATION.

44. MOD TO EXISTING FD SHELTERS.
 ZIG ZAG ENTRANCE TO THE DEF
 INCR THE DEPTH OF O / H COVER TO 60-90
CM OF EARTH.
 OHP INCL EARTH COVER BE FLUSH WITH
THE SURROUNDING GRND.
 INTERPOSING POLYTHENE SHEET OR PBS
ROLLS IN BETWEEN THE LAYERS OF SOIL
TO STOP NEUTRONS.
 INTRO OF A THERMAL CURTAIN AT THE
ENTRANCE.

45. QUESTION 20
WHAT IS INDIVIDUAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT (IPE)?

46. IPE
 NBC SUIT PERMEABLE.
 RESPIRATOR WITH CANISTER.
 FACELET MASK.
 NBC OVERBOOTS
 NBC GLOVES.
 HAVERSACK.

47. QUESTION 21
WHAT PROTECTION MEASURES MUST BE
ADOPTED IN CASE OF A NBC ATTACK?
WHAT FIRST AID SHOULD BE GIVEN?

48. INDL REACTION
 IF EXPOSED, MOV NO MORE THAN A FEW
STEPS TO SEEK SHELTER.
 DROP FLAT ON THE GRND.
 CLOSE EYES.
 PROTECT EXPOSED SKIN SURFACE.
 REMAIN PRONE UNTIL AFTER THE BLAST WAVE
HAS PASSED OR DEBRIS HAS STOPPED FALLING.

49. FIRST AID MEASURES
 AGAINST BLAST INJURIES.
 BED REST WITH FEET ELEVATED.
 PREVENT COLLAPSE.
 GIVE COFFEE, TEA OR WATER.
 MORPHIA GIVEN TO RELIEVE PAIN.
 AGAINST THERMAL RADN EFFECTS.
 RELIEF OF PAIN BY MORPHIA.
 APPL OF AN EMERGENCY STERILE DRESSING.
 TREATMENT OF SHOCK.
 ATTEMPT TO CLEAR THE WOUND.
 FLAME BURNS TREATED AS ORDINARY BURNS.
 AGAINST NUCLEAR RADN EFFECTS.

50. QUESTION 22
WHAT IS AREA DAMAGE CONTROL?
WHAT ORG SHOULD AVAILABLE IN A UNIT
TO CARRY OUT AREA DAMAGE CONTROL?

51. AREA DAMAGE CONT ORG
 A SENIOR OFFR.
 A MED REP TO COORDINATE MED EVAC.
 A SUP REP TO DETERMINE EXTENT OF SUP
REQD.
 AN ENGINEER REPRESENTATIVE TO
DETERMINE THE ENGINEER EFFORT
REQUIRED.
 A RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING TEAM TO
MAKE AN INITIAL ESTIMATE OF THE
EXTENT OF RESIDUAL CONTAMINATION.
 TPT .
 PRO REP.

52. DUTIES OF AREA DAMAGE CONT ORG
 MOVE TO THE DAMAGED AREA WITHOUT
DELAY.
 DETERMINE & REP REMAINING EFFECTIVENESS
OF DAMAGED UNIT.
 IF NECESSARY, ASSUME CONT OF THE
DAMAGED UNITS TO RESTORE COMD & COMN.
 REQUEST MEDICAL, ENGINEER & ALLIED
ASSISTANCE.

53. DUTIES OF AREA DAMAGE CONT ORG
 AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE, REPORT THE
FOLLOWING :-
 NO & TYPE OF CAS.
 EFF STR OF DAMAGED UNITS.
 LOSS OF CDR, IF APPLICABLE.
 LOC OF CONT & ASSESSMENT TEAM.
 REPORT (LOC, DOSE RATE, TIME OF
READING) RADN AREAS OVER ONE
RAD / HOUR & CHEM
CONTAMINATION DISCOVERED IN
THE COURSE OF OP.