Thoughts about past, the present and the future of scholarly technologies and scholarly practices. Based on work done with @hvdsomp at #DANS, as well as discussions with @scharnhorsta
DEV meet-up UiPath Document Understanding May 7 2024 Amsterdam
Past, present, and future of scholarly technology and practices
1. A
reflec'on
on
the
past,
the
present
and
the
future
of
scholarly
technologies
and
scholarly
prac'ces
Meertens
eHumani'es
talk
23/1/2014
@atreloar
2. Credit
where
it
is
due
• Drawing
this
aEernoon
on
three
strands
of
thought:
– Doctoral
ac'vity
(from
a
long
'me
ago!)
– Work
with
@hvdsomp
(over
last
two
weeks)
– Thinking
with
@scharnhorsta
(since
September)
• Thanks
to
last
two
go
to
@pkdoorn
from
DANS
CC-‐BY-‐SA
@atreloar
2
3. Outline
•
•
•
•
Personal
context
Some
werkhypothesen
Func'ons
of
scholarly
communica'on
Pointers
to
the
future
CC-‐BY-‐SA
@atreloar
3
7. 1. All
knowledge
is
important
[to
someone]
• Implica'ons:
The
processes,
structures
and
systems
associated
with
the
genera'on
and
communica'on
of
knowledge
are
thus
also
important.
CC-‐BY-‐SA
@atreloar
7
8. 2.
The
process
of
genera;ng
knowledge
ma<ers
• Hopefully
self-‐evident?
CC-‐BY-‐SA
@atreloar
8
9. 3.
Uncommunicated
knowledge
can
have
no
effect
• Implica'ons:
– Primary
-‐
we
need
a
system
to
communicate
the
outputs
of
research
– Secondary
-‐
it
is
desirable
if
this
system
has
a
broad
a
public
as
possible
CC-‐BY-‐SA
@atreloar
9
10. 4.
The
integrity
of
what
is
communicated
is
cri;cal
• Implica'ons:
All
elements
that
lead
to
the
genera'on
of
the
new
knowledge
are
thus
also
within
scope
CC-‐BY-‐SA
@atreloar
10
12. 5.
The
genera;on
of
knowledge
is
becoming
more
dependent
on
data
and
models
• Implica'ons:
Data
and
models
also
need
to
be
archived
and
communicated
• NOTE:
This
varies
by
discipline,
and
thus
may
be
easier
to
falsify
for
some
disciplines
CC-‐BY-‐SA
@atreloar
12
13. 6.
Scholarly
communica;on
thus
needs
to
include
publica;on
of/access
to
data/models
• Implica'ons:
We
need
to
provide
ways
of
publishing
(in
the
sense
of
making
public)
data
and
models,
along
with
journal
ar'cles
and
monographs
(and
working
papers,
etc)
CC-‐BY-‐SA
@atreloar
13
14. 7.
Data
and
models
should
be
first
class
communica;on
objects
• Implica'on:
We
need
ways
to
refer
to/
cite/access
data
and
models
on
their
own,
not
just
as
linked
en''es
hanging
off
a
publica'on
• Notes:
– Rather
than
data
and
models
just
being
ways
to
produce
publica'ons,
they
can
have
value
in
their
own
rights.
– In
some
cases
(e.g.
Human
Genome
database)
the
data
itself
is
much
more
important
than
any
single
associated
publica'on.
CC-‐BY-‐SA
@atreloar
14
15. 8.
The
rela;onship
between
first
class
objects
is
itself
of
value
• Implica'on:
We
need
ways
of
represen'ng
this
rela'onship
that
are
both
human
and
machine-‐readable
• Notes:
– Obviously
OAI-‐ORE
is
directly
relevant
here
– As
are
Verrijkte
Publica'es
(although
these
are
very
publica'on-‐centric)
CC-‐BY-‐SA
@atreloar
15
16. Functions of Research Communication
Rosendaal and Geurts (1997)
• Registration: Allows claims of precedence for a
scholarly finding
• Certification: Establishes validity of claim
• Awareness: Allows actors in the system to remain
aware of new claims
• Archiving: Preserves the scholarly record
January
27,
2014
CC-‐BY-‐SA,
@atreloar
and
@hvdsomp
17. System of Journals
• Registration
– submission of manuscript
• Certification
– peer-review (pre-publication)
– commentary (post-publication)
• Awareness
– discovery services
• Archiving
– libraries (print)
– publishers (electronic)
– special purpose organisations (e.g. Portico)
January
27,
2014
CC-‐BY-‐SA,
@atreloar
and
@hvdsomp
18. Pointers to the future
“the future is already here – it’s
just not very evenly distributed”
William Gibson, NPR interview
January
27,
2014
CC-‐BY-‐SA,
@atreloar
and
@hvdsomp
25. Registration: Observations
•
•
•
•
Decoupling registration from certification
Timestamping, versioning
Registration of various types of objects
Machines as creators and contributors
January
27,
2014
CC-‐BY-‐SA,
@atreloar
and
@hvdsomp
36. Awareness: Observations
•
•
•
•
Awareness for various types of objects
Real time awareness
Awareness support targeted at machines
Awareness through social media
January
27,
2014
CC-‐BY-‐SA,
@atreloar
and
@hvdsomp
40. Archiving: EU Trusted Digital Repositories
January
27,
2014
CC-‐BY-‐SA,
@atreloar
and
@hvdsomp
41. Archiving: Observations
•
•
•
•
Archiving for various types of objects
Distributed archives
Archival consortia
Audit for trustworthiness
January
27,
2014
CC-‐BY-‐SA,
@atreloar
and
@hvdsomp
42. Characterising the future
Hidden
Research Process
Visible
Fixed
Nature of object
Varying
Atomic
Atomicity of object
Compound
Discrete
Process of making public
Continuous
Delayed
Speed of communication
Publication
+data proxies
Communicated object
Formal
Nature of process
Instant
Publication +
linked data +
linked models
Informal
January
27,
2014
CC-‐BY-‐SA,
@atreloar
and
@hvdsomp
43. Conclusions
• The
world
is
changing,
but…
• Changes
in
scholarly
prac'ce
require:
– drivers
for
altered
behaviours
– infrastructure
to
support/enable
altered
behaviours
• Not
clear
what
final
implica'ons
will
be
yet
• Exci'ng
'me
to
be
a
scholar!
January
27,
2014
CC-‐BY-‐SA,
@atreloar
and
@hvdsomp
