This document discusses challenges and opportunities for evaluating advocacy work in developing countries. It notes that advocacy evaluation must account for dynamic political contexts and the influence of international actors. A case study shows how evaluating advocacy in Nigeria identified deeper questions about when advocacy makes a difference and contributed to longer-term change. Another case study found that while a coalition in Kenya had an audacious policy goal, their static planning tool and limited experience led to only limited policy change. The document concludes by advocating for using monitoring to support learning, developing useful evaluation tools, and improving the evidence base around theories of change for advocacy.