Safety presentation

WEL COME YOU ALLWEL COME YOU ALL
FOR PROGRAMME ONFOR PROGRAMME ON
SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMSAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Benefits of safety in BusinessBenefits of safety in Business
Good morale of employees.Good morale of employees.
Less Insurance costs.Less Insurance costs.
Improved productivity.Improved productivity.
Less absenteeism.Less absenteeism.
Builds reputation of the industry.Builds reputation of the industry.
Pre-requisite for qualifying in tender.Pre-requisite for qualifying in tender.

Establishing SafetyEstablishing Safety
Employee attitude & Behavior.Employee attitude & Behavior.
Training.Training.
Rewarding.Rewarding.
Motivation.Motivation.
Provide appropriate tools & equipment.Provide appropriate tools & equipment.
Plan a job to complete it safely.Plan a job to complete it safely.

SAFETY MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIESSAFETY MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIESSAFETY MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIESSAFETY MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES
Safety Training
Use of personal protective
equipment's
Safety Inspection & Audit
Safety News Letter
Fire detection & extinction
Accident / Incident
investigation
Permits to use
Housekeeping & hygiene
condition
Emergency preparedness
Material handling safety
Legal & statutory
requirements
Awards & recognition
Safety meetings
Hazard & risk assessments
Design standards
Shut down system/ automation

WHY THINGS COULD GO WRONGWHY THINGS COULD GO WRONGWHY THINGS COULD GO WRONGWHY THINGS COULD GO WRONG
Requirements are not defined.
Requirements are not understood
What we are not doing is not sufficient.
Somebody makes a mistakes.

SMS - BENEFITS
Systematic approach
Improved communication
Improved Safety & Health performance
Reductions in accidents, costs, staff, absence
and/or claims
Reductions in adverse publicity
Improved insurance liability rating
Improved production output

HOW A SYSTEM CAN HELPHOW A SYSTEM CAN HELPHOW A SYSTEM CAN HELPHOW A SYSTEM CAN HELP
To maintain current results
For continuing improvement
To get consistent results
To protect against catastrophes
To cope with emergency requirements
To provide a standard for new acquisitions
To streamline tracking & reporting
To attain “World Class” performance
To have a basis for an integrated SEQ approach

SAFETY IS ABOUT CONTROLLING ACCIDENTAL LOSSSAFETY IS ABOUT CONTROLLING ACCIDENTAL LOSSSAFETY IS ABOUT CONTROLLING ACCIDENTAL LOSSSAFETY IS ABOUT CONTROLLING ACCIDENTAL LOSS
SAFETY IS ABOUT MANAGING RISKS.SAFETY IS ABOUT MANAGING RISKS.SAFETY IS ABOUT MANAGING RISKS.SAFETY IS ABOUT MANAGING RISKS.

OHS Risk ManagementOHS Risk ManagementOHS Risk ManagementOHS Risk Management
“The essence of risk management is to
avoid high risks, manage medium risks,
and live with low risks.”

ACCIDENT CAUSATION MODEL
Lack of
control
Lack of
control
Immediate
causes
Immediate
causes
IncidentIncident LossLoss
Basic
causes
Basic
causes
LOSS CONTROL MODEL

THE LOSS CAUSATION MODELTHE LOSS CAUSATION MODEL
Basis
Causes
Immediate
Causes
Incident Loss
Lack of
control
Inadequate:
- System
- System
Standards
-Compliance
to standards
Personal
Factors
System/ Job
Factors
Substandard
Practices
Substandard
conditions
Event Unintended
Harm
and/or
Damage
Threshold Limit

IMMEDIATE CAUSESIMMEDIATE CAUSESIMMEDIATE CAUSESIMMEDIATE CAUSES
Lack of
control
Basic
causes
Immediate
causes
Immediate
causes
Incident Loss
Substandard Conditions
Inadequate guards / barriers
Inadequate PPE
Defective tools/ equipment
Congestion
Inadequate warning system
Disorder
Inadequate ventilation
Inadequate illumination
Substandard Acts or Practices
Failure to warn
Failure to obey rules
Failure to follow procedures
Removing safety devices
Improper lifting
Failure to use PPE
Servicing operating equipment
Horseplay

BASIC CAUSESBASIC CAUSESBASIC CAUSESBASIC CAUSES
Lack of
control
Basic
causes
Basic
causes
Immediate
causes
Incident Loss
System / Job Factors
Inadequate Leadership
Inadequate Engineering
Inadequate Purchasing
Inadequate Tools & Equipment's
Inadequate Maintenance
Wear and Tear
Abuse and Misuse
Personal Factors
Inadequate Capacity
Lack of Knowledge
Lack of Skill
Stress
Improper Motivation

LACK OF CONTROLLACK OF CONTROLLACK OF CONTROLLACK OF CONTROL
Lack of
control
Lack of
control
Basic
causes
Immediate
causes
Incident Loss
Inadequate System
Inadequate System Standards
Inadequate Compliance with Standards

ACCIDENT COST ICE BERGACCIDENT COST ICE BERGACCIDENT COST ICE BERGACCIDENT COST ICE BERG
INJURY / ILLNESS COSTS
(Insured costs- Medical & Compensation)
PROPERTY DAMAGE COSTS
(Uninsured costs - Material damage, emergency
aids Expenditure related including Legal etc.)
MISCELLANEOUS COSTS
(Uninsured costs- Wages paid, replacements,
overtime, loss of business etc.

““The first duty of Business is to survive, andThe first duty of Business is to survive, and
the guiding principle of Businessthe guiding principle of Business
economics is not the maximization of profiteconomics is not the maximization of profit
- it is the avoidance of loss”- it is the avoidance of loss”
PETER DRUCKER
• Loss can be avoided by reducing rework / accidents.
• This can be achieved by control of activities.
• Control of activities require systematic approach.
• This can be achieved by assessing your hazards & risks.
• Having a structured safety & loss control Management system

ACCIDENT RATIOACCIDENT RATIOACCIDENT RATIOACCIDENT RATIO
100
30
10
1
Major Injury
Near Accidents
Property Damage
Minor Injury

SAFETY DEPENDS on………SAFETY DEPENDS on………
“HARD WARE”
the plant & upkeep “SOFT WARE”
The organization
“HUMAN WARE”
The people

What can Management do toWhat can Management do to
ensure that people participateensure that people participate
and take responsibility forand take responsibility for
Safety Management activities ?Safety Management activities ?

SAFETY DEPENDS on………SAFETY DEPENDS on………
“HARD WARE”
the plant & upkeep “SOFT WARE”
The organization
“HUMAN WARE”
The people
Health & Hygienic
Training - Leadership
-Knowledge
- Skill
Leadership
Personal & Group
Communications
PPE Task Observation
Planned Inspection Critical task & procedures
Engineering &
change
Procurement
Maintenance
Recruitment & Placement
Accident incident
reporting/analysis
Rules & Work permit
Emergency preparedness
System Review
Materials & Services
Management

HAZARDHAZARD
Potential to cause harm
• INJURY
• DAMAGE TO ENVIRONMENT
• DAMAGE TO ASSETS
• ILL HEALTH
A Source or situation with a potential for harm in terms of human
injury or ill-health, damage to property, environment or a
combination to these
RISKRISK
Likelihood and
Consequence of a hazardous event occurring.
The combination of the likelihood and consequence of a specified
hazardous event occurring.
Risk can also be expressed as probability and extent of damage or
loss.

Examples of …………...Examples of …………...Examples of …………...Examples of …………...
HAZARDS
Slips
Lifting & handling hazards
Operation hazards
Dismantling
Maintenance, repair
Commissioning
Fire & Explosion
Vehicle
Violence
Inhalation
Eye damage hazards
Skin contact
Electric shocks
Contractor’s etc...
RISKS
Severity
Injuries
MINOR - Cuts, Irritation
MAJOR - Burns, concussion,
fractures, deafness, lung-
disorders
SEVERE - Poisoning, fatal injury,
cancer, multiple
fracture
Likelihood
Number of personnel exposed
Frequency & duration of exposure
Failure and shutdown
Unsafe acts being performed

Occupational Health HazardsOccupational Health HazardsOccupational Health HazardsOccupational Health Hazards
Chemical
Dust/fibres
Fumes
Smokes
Mists / aerosols
Gases
Vapours
Physical
Noise
Vibration
Temperature
Radiation
Illumination
Pressure
Ergonomic
Lifting
Repetitive motion
Pressure
Monotony
Fatigue
Biological
Virus
Bacteria
Fungi etc.

Evaluation
Chemical concentration.
Route of exposure.
Length of exposure.
Frequency of exposure.
Individual variation.
Drug/medicine reactions.
Chemical formulations
Environment.
Controls in use
Potential to cause
sickness, impaired
health, discomfort

RISK ASSESSMENTRISK ASSESSMENTRISK ASSESSMENTRISK ASSESSMENT
ASK THE QUEATION
What can go wrong ?
How serious could it be ?
How likely is it to happen ?
What should we do about it ?

RISKRISK
• LIKELIHOOD= frequency of event occurring,
E.g. Number of events per year, Number of events per
1000working hours etc.
• CONSEQUENCE can be expressed in many ways,
E.g. Number of deaths, Number of injuries, monetary
loss, repair cost etc.

RISK CRITERIARISK CRITERIARISK CRITERIARISK CRITERIA
Defining the “pain threshold” for
Major Loss…
Serious Loss…
Minor Loss...
… affecting the OHS situation
Significant

MANAGEMENT OF RISKSMANAGEMENT OF RISKSMANAGEMENT OF RISKSMANAGEMENT OF RISKS
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
RISK EVALUATION
PREPARE OHS PROGRAMME
TERMINATE
Avoid or eliminate
the hazard
TERMINATE
Avoid or eliminate
the hazard
TREAT
OHS Management
System
TREAT
OHS Management
System
TOLERATE
Acceptable level
of risk
TOLERATE
Acceptable level
of risk
TRANSFER
Insurance
TRANSFER
Insurance
IMPLEMENT OHS PROGRAMME
MONITOR (Measure, Evaluate, Commend or Correct)

TERMINATETERMINATE
Risk Control Technique
Used in isolation of other “T”s
Refusal to expose organization to a risk in the first place
Complete elimination of a risk that is already present

TREATTREAT
Includes both loss prevention and loss reduction
“Termination” may not be practical or possible
Risk still exists!
Most OHS activities “Treatment”

OCCUPATIONALOCCUPATIONAL
HEALTHHEALTH

Physical some examples
Noise - Turbines, machine noise, mines (leads to hearing loss, annoyance)
Vibration - affects whole body or segmented (leads to higher O2 consumption
cardiac, respiratory effects, biological changes)
Temperature - High (associated with humidity & air changes) (leads to fatigue)
Radiation - Ionizing (Atomic, X-rays)
Non-ionizing (Electric/magnetic)Infrared, Ultraviolet Microwaves,
laser(Interferes with biological process)
Illumination - Lighting level, Intensity, glare
Decompression - Pressure differentials (Saturation deep sea divers)
Ventilation -
Humidity -

Noise some examples
AUDITORY
- Auditory fatigue
- Rupture of the Drum
- TTS (temporary threshold shift)
- PTS (permanent hearing loss)
NON AUDITORY
- Annoyance
- Interference in speech communication
- Low night vision
- Difficult colour perception
- Less night sleep
- High BP, Heart rate, Breathing, Seating rate
- High intestinal activities- Abnormal pain, frequent loose stools
- Enlarged pupils, vague muscular aches

ChemicalChemical some examples
METALS - Heavy: Lead, Mercury
Other : As,P, Zen,Cu, Cr. Ni
Newer: Be, Se, Pl
GASES - Simple: H2S, SO2, N2
- Asphyxlant: CO, HCN
- Chemical: Phosgene, Carbonyl
- Irritant: Chlorine, Ammonia
COMPOUNDS
- Acids - Organic - Acetic acid, Benzoic, Methonal
Inorganic - HCl, H2SO4, HNO3
- Alkalis - Organic - Ethanaloamine
Inorganic - Soda Bicarb, Naphtha, Causitc
- Others - Phenol, Tricholoracetic acid.

ChemicalChemical (Cont’d)(Cont’d) some examples
DUSTS - Airborne, respirable (Silica, Coal, Cotton, Asbestos)
FUMES - Vapour Condensation (Nickel, Beryllium, Zinc, Iron)
SMOKE - Incomplete combustion (Wood, Petroleum products, Coal)
MISTS /AEROSOLS - Air suspended droplets (Chromic acid, Sulphuric acid)
GASES - In confined spaces (hydrogen sulphide, chlorine, CO)
VAPOUR - (Gasoline, Thinners, Solvents)
TOXICITY - Ability of material to produce harm to a living organism
- remains constant
Exposure - Degree can be controlled

ErgonomicErgonomic some examples
Lifting : Back ache, Strains
Repetitive motion : Keyboard, Assemblies
Pressure, Monotony, Fatigue
BiologicalBiological some examples
VIRUS
BACTERIA
FUNGI
PARASITES etc.
Inhalation, Ingestion, Injection, Skin contact

Safety presentation

Recomendados

Recomendados

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

Mais procurados (20)

Semelhante a Safety presentation

Semelhante a Safety presentation (20)

Último

Último (20)

Safety presentation