Evolution of paradigms in Banking IT

12th RICHMOND
FINANCIAL INDUSTRY
FORUM
Victoria-Jungfrau Grand Hotel, Interlaken
16 – 18 May 2019
12th
RICHMOND FINANCIAL INDUSTRY FORUM

Evolution of Paradigms in
Banking IT
Frank Schwab
Co Founder, FinTech Forum
12th
RICHMOND FINANCIAL INDUSTRY FORUM

Payments
Lending
Assets
Banking Services

The way banking services are delivered
What will be different?
The way banking services are produced

Effective Banking IT evolution is driven by
speed
usability
flexibility
costs
By means of
standardizationautomation
www.FrankSchwabSpeaks.com
opennessre-use

IBM 803 proof machine
July 1949
Checks proof machine
sort
proof
sum
Source: IBM

abc abc
sort
proof
sum
First cash machine, Barclays Bank, Enfield Town branch, North London, United Kingdom, 27 June 1967

Sources: Google Patents, Wikipedia
Bankograph, 1963
Luther George Simjian

Workflow example
NOS öffnen ► Kunde suchen
NOS-Übersicht ► Partner / Adressen ► Anzeigen / Ändern ► Bestätigung ►
Änderung der Telefonnummer? ► bestätigen / Ändern ► Ausdruck bestätigen ►zurück zur
Übersicht
NOS-Übersicht ► Produkt / Ändern ► Einlagen / Termingeldprolongation ►
Daten ändern ► bestätigen ► zurück zur Übersicht
Einmeldung in KIM ► Starten von KIM ► Anmeldung ► Kunden suchen ► neuen
Eintrag wählen ► Daten einpflegen ► Abschluss anlegen ► Daten eingeben ►
bestätigen ► zurück zur Übersicht
¨ Customer visits a bank branch
¨ Customer informs about move
¨ Bank employee is informed that a savings
plan is due
37 Clicks

Workflow
37 Clicks
15 Clicks
5 Clicks

Evolution of paradigms in Banking IT
Interface
Function
Account
Amount
123456
399.99
Productivity
speed
automation

Text based
Static
Lack of visual
experience
Functional

Highly
visual
Bold
photos
Dynamic
content
Modern
design

2002 2015
ING*DiBa Germany scaled
Customers
1.8 Million
8.5 Million
Profits
-4 Million Euro
1,115 Million Euro
Employees
914
3,749
Source: Annual reports ING*DiBa

He needs a powerful tool to manage his financial topics.
NAME Dave
AGE 27
LOCATION Big city
INTERNET
USAGE
• Heavy
• Many communities
• Social media
• Blog
JOB SEO specialist
INTERESTS
• Technology
• Trends
• Gadgets
LIVING Small apartment
STATUS Single
Product fit:
Saving for a project
Peer-to-peer loan
Emergency loan
Budget manager
Card
Peer-to-peer transfer
This guy is very familiar with the
digital world: networker, geek,
gamer, coder, community user
Source: Fidor.com
GEEK

Feb 2019
75 million users
3 million drivers
65 countries 600 cities
15 Million rides daily

Source: 123rd.com
usability
speed

In the future, paying will no
longer be something we do
Paying will happen in the
background simply invisible

Interface
Function
Account
Amount
123456
399.99
Productivity User Machine
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4
speed
automation
usability
standardization

Example: Lending IT system landscape
Security
Product
Pricing
Decision
Contract
Account
Customer
Contact
Recovery
Transaction
Output
Archiving
Booking
Position
Identity
Retail Loan
Internet
CRM
Product
Pricing
Decision
Contract
Collaterals
Account
Client
Recovery
Transaction
Output
Archiving
Booking
Position
Identity
Corporate
Loan Branch
CRM
Security
Product
Pricing
Decision
Contract
Account
Client
Contact
Recovery
Transaction
Output
Archiving
Booking
Position
Identity
Corporate
Loan Internet
CRM
Security
Product
Pricing
Decision
Contract
Account
Customer
Dealer
Recovery
Transaction
Output
Archiving
Booking
Position
Identity
Consumer Loan
Extranet
CRM
Product
Pricing
Decision
Contract
Collaterals
Account
Contact
Recovery
Transaction
Output
Archiving
Booking
Position
Identity
Customer
Retail Mortgage
Branch
Product
Pricing
Decision
Contract
Collaterals
Account
Customer
Recovery
Transaction
Output
Archiving
Booking
Position
Identity
Retail Loan
Branch
CRM
And data saved redundantly
Products are implemented
redundantly and inconsistently
across product lines and channels

Security
Product
Pricing
Decision
Contract
Account
Customer
Contact
Recovery
Transaction
Output
Archiving
Booking
Position
Identity
Retail Loan
Internet
CRM
Product
Pricing
Decision
Contract
Collaterals
Account
Client
Recovery
Transaction
Output
Archiving
Booking
Position
Identity
Corporate
Loan Branch
CRM
Security
Product
Pricing
Decision
Contract
Account
Client
Contact
Recovery
Transaction
Output
Archiving
Booking
Position
Identity
Corporate
Loan Internet
CRM
Security
Product
Pricing
Decision
Contract
Account
Customer
Dealer
Recovery
Transaction
Output
Archiving
Booking
Position
Identity
Consumer Loan
Extranet
CRM
Product
Pricing
Decision
Contract
Collaterals
Account
Contact
Recovery
Transaction
Output
Archiving
Booking
Position
Identity
Customer
Retail Mortgage
Branch
Product
Pricing
Decision
Contract
Collaterals
Account
Customer
Recovery
Transaction
Output
Archiving
Booking
Position
Identity
Retail Loan
Branch
CRM
High operating costs
Slow implementations
Difficult to innovate

Source: BIAN.org
standardization
re-use

Implementation time
reduced by 50%
Process costs
reduced by 80%
speed
costs
standardization
re-use

API = Application Programming Interface
A browser is for a person the same as an API for a computer
{
“headline": “API“,
“description“: “In computer
programming, an application
programming interface (API)
is a set of routines,
protocols, and tools for
building software
applications. An API
expresses …“
}
www.FrankSchwabSpeaks.comSource: Wikipedia.com

Source: www.programmableweb.com
In 2017, most
banking APIs
were released
Category # APIs
Data 256
Financial 249
Analytics 184
Payments 180
Messaging 125
Banking 117
Mobile 112
Cloud 109
eCommerce 104
Security 99

Fidor Bank sets a global standard for API documentation
and API community in the financial service industry

Because of its API infrastructure Fidor Bank could already integrate
more than 20 partner into the customer account
Crowd finance – SMAVA
Crypto currencies - Kraken
Precious metals - Goldmoney
Crowd finance – kapilendo

Global Growth Company
2014 2015

APIs enable
Re-use of whole business models

Integration costs reduced by 95%
-95%
Traditional
IT of banks
API
Banking IT

Services
Application
Level 1
Service
Level 2
API
Level 3
?re-usestandardization

Amelia, Source: IPSoft
IT Service Desk Agent
SEB Bank
3 weeks
700 employees
4,000 inquiries

40 B2C / B2B Robo Advisors in Germany
Source: Techfluence, Nov 2017

Minimum investment volume
Robo
2,500
Traditional Bank
50,000
1.5
0.75
Annual costs
Robo Traditional Bank
in EUR in %
Factor 20
Factor 2

Services
Application Service API AI
^
speed standardizationcosts
re-use
automation

Data
Flat
Level 1
Rational
Level 2

standardization
openness
usability
flexibility
Source: MySQL.com

Source: Philipp Hauer’s Blog
Object-oriented database models
{
_id: „4d0ad975bb30“
fName: “Frank“
lName: “Schwab“
bankAccounts: [
{accNo:395382},
{accNo:824432}
],
addresses: [
{city:“Berlin“},
{city:“Heidelberg“}
]
}
frank: Customer
fName=Frank
lName=Schwab
:BankAccount
accNo=395382
berlin: Address
city=Berlin
:BankAccount
accNo=824432
leipzeig: Address
city=Leipzig
standardization
Re-use
flexibility

Data
Flat Rational
Level 1 Level 2
Object
Level 3
Blockchain
Level 4
usability re-use
openness
standardization
flexibilty

Blockchain
Public ledger
Public keyPrivate key
Transaction
signed with private
key

De-centralized
Each participant has a copy of the public ledger

„Money is central
to us. Money and
all forms of
transferring
money are our
core business.“
Burkhard Balz
Member of the Executive Board of
the Deutsche Bundesbank
Source: CFS-Conference, 8th May 2019

Trust Trust Trust Trust Trust Trust Trust Trust Trust Trust Trust Trust Trust Trust

Smart Contracts
Public ledger
Transaction block with condition
condition
Example
Stocks: dividend payment

Trade finance
usabilityautomation

> 2,000 crypto currencies
> 15,000 markets

000100 IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
000200 PROGRAM-ID. HELLOWORLD.
000300
000400*
000500 ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
000600 CONFIGURATION SECTION.
000700 SOURCE-COMPUTER. RM-COBOL.
000800 OBJECT-COMPUTER. RM-COBOL.
000900
001000 DATA DIVISION.
001100 FILE SECTION.
001200
100000 PROCEDURE DIVISION.
100100
100200 MAIN-LOGIC SECTION.
100300 BEGIN.
100400 DISPLAY " " LINE 1 POSITION 1 ERASE
EOS.
100500 DISPLAY "Hello world!" LINE 15 POSITION
10.
100600 STOP RUN.
100700 MAIN-LOGIC-EXIT.
100800 EXIT.
"Hello world!"
Only 1% of active code
Skilled people retired
Takes up to three months
to understand code
Legacy

sdfAC_DEFUN([AX_CXX_COMPILE_STDCXX], [dnl
m4_if([$1], [11], [],
[$1], [14], [],
[$1], [17], [m4_fatal([support for C++17 not yet implemented in
AX_CXX_COMPILE_STDCXX])],
[m4_fatal([invalid first argument `$1' to
AX_CXX_COMPILE_STDCXX])])dnl
m4_if([$2], [], [],
[$2], [ext], [],
[$2], [noext], [],
[m4_fatal([invalid second argument `$2' to
AX_CXX_COMPILE_STDCXX])])dnl
m4_if([$3], [], [ax_cxx_compile_cxx$1_required=true],
[$3], [mandatory], [ax_cxx_compile_cxx$1_required=true],
[$3], [optional], [ax_cxx_compile_cxx$1_required=false],
[m4_fatal([invalid third argument `$3' to
AX_CXX_COMPILE_STDCXX])])
m4_if([$4], [], [ax_cxx_compile_cxx$1_try_default=true],
[$4], [default], [ax_cxx_compile_cxx$1_try_default=true],
[$4], [nodefault], [ax_cxx_compile_cxx$1_try_default=false],
[m4_fatal([invalid fourth argument `$4' to
AX_CXX_COMPILE_STDCXX])])
AC_LANG_PUSH([C++])dnl
ac_success=no
m4_if([$4], [nodefault], [], [dnl
AC_CACHE_CHECK(whether $CXX supports C++$1 features by default,
ax_cv_cxx_compile_cxx$1,
[AC_COMPILE_IFELSE([AC_LANG_SOURCE([_AX_CXX_COMPILE_STDCXX_te
stbody_$1])],
[ax_cv_cxx_compile_cxx$1=yes],
[ax_cv_cxx_compile_cxx$1=no])])
if test x$ax_cv_cxx_compile_cxx$1 = xyes; then
ac_success=yes
fi])
1%

SoftwareIP
Self-developed
public class Main {
public static void
main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("H
ello, World!");
}
}
Level 1
Vendor packaged
Level 2
Open Source
Level 3
Open Service
24
Level 4
flexibility
standardization
openness
speed

Only develop your own
software if you can
differentiate yourself in the
market and achieve great
customer benefit.

IBM Mainframe
Sun Server
Intel blade
Thin clients
Fat clients
AIX Server Server FarmAny technology
of each and every decade

Reduce data centre costs by 50%

Cost efficient scalable infrastructures
Watt
per
MIPS
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015
101
10-1
10-3
10-5
Source: OurWorldinData.org

Possible IT infrastructure savings
-80%
Traditional
Bank IT
Cloud
Banking Services

Do not run systems
you did not build
Gregor Hohpe

Infrastructure
Variety
Level 1
Industrialised
Level 2
Cloud
Level 3
Edge
Level 4
speed automationcosts
openness
standardization

Traditional banks are organized in hierarchical silos
ITProduct Operations

Organisation
Hierarchical
Level 1
Matrix
Level 2
flexibility

Requirements
Design
Traditional Waterfall Model
Implementation
Test
Maintenance

Agile development
Specs Tasks
Daily
Deployment
14 Days
Release

DAO
Decentralized
Autonomous
Organization

Organisation
Hierarchical Matrix
Level 1 Level 2
Agile
Level 3
Self-organized
Level 4
flexibility automationspeed

Services
Application Service API
Interface
Function Productivity User
Account
Amount
123456
399.99
Machine
AI
^
IP
Self-developed Vendor packaged Open Source Open Service
public class Main {
public static void
main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("H
ello, World!");
}
}
24

Organisation
Hierarchical Matrix Agile Self-organized
Infrastructure
Variety Industrialised Cloud Edge
Data
Flat Rational Object Blockchain

New banking built with new technologies
Crypto Cloud API AIMobileBlockchain
Crowd P2P
^
Open Source
TokenWallet ICORobot

Since 2010 >100 Billion USD invested
Source: CB Insights
2010
1.9
2011
2.5
2012
3.2
2013
4.8
2014
13.3
2015
21.2
2016
23.3
2017
27.4FinTech investments in Billion USD

FinTech has left the niche
Source: CB Insights
2013
N26
2.5
2011
TransferWise
2
2013
robinhood
4
2006
eToro
9
2012
coinbase
13.3
# Customers in millions

R I P
Banking and
Banking IT
as we know it

Payments
Credits
Assets
Banking Services

Interface Function Productivity User Machine
Services Application Service API AI
Data Flat Rational Object Blockchain
Infrastructure Variety Industrialized Cloud Edge
Software IP Self-developed Vendor Package Open Source Open Services
Organization Hierarchical Matrix Agile Self-organized

2030: Banking disrupted
New
Traditional
BankingService
Technology NewLegacy
Niche
Financial
infrastructure
provider
Er
Successful
disruptors

Success =
1% talent +
99 % hard work

Evolution of paradigms in Banking IT

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