Low Carbon Building in Malaysia 2014 was presented at the Green Buildings & Parks World 2014 @ Borneo Convention Centre Kuching Sarawak. An update of some info on affordable green building system .

1. GREEN BUILDINGS & PARKS WORLD 2014
Kuching, Sarawak 03 Dec 2014
LOW CARBON BUILDING IN MALAYSIA
[affordable and practical way to reduce carbon in building sector]
Steve Anthony Lojuntin
Deputy Director Energy Efficiency Division
Sustainable Energy Development Authority @ SEDA Malaysia
Tel / SMS / Whatsup :+6019-2829102 Email: steve@seda.gov.my / asetip@damansara.net
Download at http://www.slideshare.net / asetip

2. GLOBAL PROBLEM - CLIMATE CHANGE,
GHG
PROBLEM!
CLIMATE CHANGE
IS THE PROBLEM
SOLUTION!
GREEN
TECHNOLOGY AND
[MAINLY CAUSED
BY GREEN HOUSE
GASES (GHG)]
GREEN LIVING IS
THE SOLUTION
GHG : Carbon dioxide, Methane, NOx, SOx, CFC, etc

3. Low Carbon Development in Malaysia
Malaysia Commitment

4. 2010 : Green Technology Policy to support
green and low carbon development
Green technology is the development and application of products,
equipment, and systems used to conserve the natural environment and
resources, which minimises and reduces the negative impact of human
activities
Minimises the degradation ooff tthhee eennvviirroonnmmeenntt..
It has zero or low green house (GHG) emission.
It safe for use and promotes healthy and improved
environment for all forms of life
It conserves the uses of energy and natural
resources; and
It promotes the use of renewable resources.
Download copy @ www.kettha.gov.my

5. Low Carbon Development in Malaysia
More People Living in
Urban Areas/Cities
PopulationMalaysia
18 million (1990) to 27.6 million (2010) - increase by 53%
(Source: CCeennssuuss DDaattaa,, 22001100))
Urbanization Rate
• 27% in 1960, 42% in 1990, 54% in 1994, 61.8% (2000) for
Malaysia, 65.4% (2000) for West Malaysia
• Expected to grow to 75% by 2020 (Source: RFN 2001)
Energy
• Energy Consumption – 61,279 metric tons (2005)
People will use more
(40% transportation 40% industrial)
energy resources
• Energy Produced – 99,917 metric tons (2005)
• 2006 – CO2 emission – 187 million tons 7.2 metric tons/person
• 2004 – 5.9 metric tons/World 4.4 metric tons/person Info from Malaysia Inst. Of
Planners (Mdm Norliza)

6. Sustainable Framework for Low Carbon Cities
SUSTAINABLE FRAMEWORK
Governanc
e
Econom
Services y
Transport
Mobility
Natural Built
Environment
SUSTAINABLE TOWNSHIP
Community
Well Being
Equality
Diversity
Low Carbon Cities Framework
CARBON ASSESSMENT
MMuurrnniiNNeett //
LIVABILITY INDEX
MISSION (CO2 REDUCTION)
KEY ELEMENTS
PERFORMANCE BASED
STANDARD
GREEN
NEIGHBOURHOOD
GUIDELINES (GNG)
Buildings
Urban
Infrastructure
Urban
Transportation
Urban
Environment

8. Performance Criteria for GHG Reductions for Cities
• Urban Environment
• Urban Transportation
• Urban Infrastructure
• Urban Environment (20)
• Urban Transportation (8)
• Urban Infrastructure (7)
• Urban Environment (5)
• Urban Transportation (4)
• Urban Infrastructure (4)
8
• Building
• Building (7)
• Building (2)
Performance Criteria are measurable strategies to reduce
carbon emission through:-
- Policy control, Technological development, better process product
management, change in procurement system, carbon capture,
consumption strategies others.
Save Green Save Future

10. Chances to reduce carbon emission
Building sector has the higher
chances to reduce carbon
emission in a township

11. General Green Building System
Alternative
initiative
LOW
CARBON
BUILDING
(Malaysia)
1. Energy
Conventional Green Building System
PRIVATE INITIATIVE
2. Water
3. Indoor
environme
nt
4. Waste
Gov. Initiatives
- SEDA’s Low
Carbon
Building Guide
- GreenPASS
(CIDB)

12. Brief about Green Building
Green Technology
Involved
- Energy
- Indoor Environment
Green Habits /
Thinking
- Awareness / Responsibility
- Procurement
- Water Management
- Material used
- Site construction
-
- Operation Maintenance
- Recycling
Green / Sustainable / Low
Carbon Buildings

13. What are the Low Carbon buildings
• Low Carbon Building is similar to the conventional
green building system which promotes uses of green
technology and green habits to reduce the degradation
of the environment.
• Use Carbon as metric for quantitative references to
achieve the actual environment impact and not
based on points collected.
• A performance based: Does not address and assess
on how to design a building. Only measure and assess
the actual carbon reduction.

14. What are the Low Carbon buildings
• Straight forward, flexible, transparent, easy to
implement, consistance, easy to monitor since
based on actual performance. Measurable,
recordable, comparable, justifiable, can be
monitor and easy to proof.
• Cheaper and affordable since it is straight
forward and focus only the relevant criteria that
have high impact (lower $$$/CO2 reduction cost).
• Global trend - Relevant and gain popularity at
international level.

15. Carbon Exist in every processes

16. Carbon emission in a life cycle of a building
Pre -
Design
Building
Mostly addressed by
most conventional Tools
[Embodied CO2 footprint]
~ 20%
Important Fact !
Lifecycle Use, Management
Maintenance
[Higher Operational CO2
footprint]
From Energy Usage !!
80%
FACT! Most of the CO2e emission is during the operation phase !!
ENERGY MANAGEMENT to tackle the source of the CO2 emission

17. Relation between use of energy and the
environment
0.747 kg of CO2 emitted to the
atmosphere for each 1 kWh
electricity generated by power plant
(Peninsula Malaysia)
Kawasan 2011
Semenanjung Malaysia 0.747 kg CO2 / kwj
Sarawak 0.841 kg CO2 / kwj
Sabah 0.531 kg CO2 / kwj
Sumber: Laporan Penanda Aras Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Malaysia
2011 oleh Malaysian Green Technology Corporation

18. Examples of Energy Efficient /
Low Carbon Building by the government.
CATALYS FOR GREEN BUILDING IN MALAYSIA
2007 2004 2010
Net BEI = 114 (59% reduce)
1,490 TonCO2/year
GBI : Silver (2011)
ASEAN Energy Award : 2006
Net BEI = 63 (70% reduce)
637 TonCO2/year (**To verify)
GBI GreenMark : Platinum (2011)
ASEAN EA : 2012
Net BEI = 30 (86% reduce)
65 TonCO2/year
GBI : Certified (2009)
ASEAN EA : 2009/2010/2011

21. Use of energy in commercial buildings
Plug
loads/others
20%
Tenaga
Central A/C
55%
Lighting
18%
Split A/C
7%
Source: Energy Audit in
Government Buildings (2003) by Pusat
Tenaga Malaysia / GreenTech Malaysia

22. Example of Energy Used in an Industrial
Building
Energy

23. Understand the Building Load Profile
tackle the Base Load
Typical Daily Load Profile
250
300
350
400
450
Power Demand [kW]
200
VARIABLE LOAD
0
50
100
150
17/01/2008 01:15
17/01/2008 02:15
17/01/2008 03:15
17/01/2008 04:15
17/01/2008 05:15
17/01/2008 06:15
17/01/2008 07:15
17/01/2008 08:15
17/01/2008 09:15
17/01/2008 10:15
17/01/2008 11:15
17/01/2008 12:15
17/01/2008 13:15
17/01/2008 14:15
17/01/2008 15:15
17/01/2008 16:15
17/01/2008 17:15
17/01/2008 18:00
17/01/2008 19:00
17/01/2008 20:00
17/01/2008 21:00
17/01/2008 22:00
17/01/2008 23:00
18/01/2008 00:00
18/01/2008 01:00
BASE LOAD (24 hrs)

24. Low Carbon Building Assessment System
- GreenPASS by CIDB (CIS 20 : 2012)
GreenPASS is a
Performance
Based
Assessment
System for
Building
Green PASS assessment
is 100% based on actual
carbon emission from
building construction and
/ or operations
Applied for :
1) Building Construction;
2) Building Operations

25. GreenPASS Carbon
Reduction Assessment System
Level of Achievement
(% of CO2e Reduction)
Assessment Scheme
for existing buildings
Assessment Scheme
for new buildings
(without bonus)
*(with bonus)
100% Carbon Neutral
+
+
≥ 70 to 100
≥ 50 to 70
≥ 30 to 50
≥ 10 to 30
≥ 1 to 10
+
+
+
+
* Bonus ONLY applicable for Building Construction Category – 70% IBS Score, 3 Star
SHASSIC Rating, 70% QLASSIC Score

26. Energy Efficient Buildings
Development Process
OPERATIONAL CARBON ≡ OPERATIONAL ENERGY
USING ENERGY
MANAGEMENT PROCESS

27. Sustainable Low Carbon Building Method
- By SEDA Malaysia
- Developed based on series of RD, pilot projects, studies and continuos
actual building performance monitoring since 2002.
- The Sustainable Low Carbon Building Performance are mostly refer to the
technology, applications and management that has impact to the Energy
and Environment related to building operation services
a) Design : Sustainable Energy (EEnneerrggyy EEffffiicciieennccyy
Renewable Energy) Water Management.
b) Office appliances
c) Operation: Energy Environment management in the OM.
d) Renovation / retrofits
e) Other - Paper and water recycling
- Indoor air quality.
- Solid waste management / separation
f) End users awareness
PRACTICAL
SOLUTION TO
ACHIEVE LOW
CARBON BUILDING

28. INTEGERATED DDEESSIIGGNN AAPPPPRROOAACCHH TTOO
GGEETT TTHHEE BBEESSTT // LLOOWWEESSTT PPOOSSSSIIBBLLEE
EENNEERRGGYY CCOONNSSUUMMPPTTIIOONN
ENERGY
ARCHITECTS
ID
M E
ENGINEERS
C S
ENGINEERS
INTERIOR
DESIGNER
MANAGEMENT
BRAINSTORMING
OWNER /
USERS
FACILITIES
MANAGEMENT
ICT
CONSULTANT
LANDSCAPE
CONSULTANT
ENERGY / LOW
CARBON / GREEN
CONSULTANT

29. CHOOSE THE MOST
APPRIOPRATE STRATEGIES
COOLING SYSTEM
Wall Insulation?
Façade
design?
Air tight
building?
High COP
sys?
VAV?
VSD?
Low losses
distribution?
CAV? Water cooled sys?
Low
resistance air
system?
Air cooled sys?
Electrical chiller?
Absorption
Double glazing? Radiant cooling?
LED? Induction light?
Daylighting?
Lighting level?
LIGHTING SYSTEM
EQUIPMENT USED
Efficient cooling
tower?
Centralise
system?
Stand alone Split
Unit?
chiller?
High Eff. Motor?
EE Office
appliances?
Green ICT?
Shared printers?
Energy
Management
System?
Task Light?
EE Lighting?
Light shelves?
High efficient
reflector?
Water efficient
fittings?
Rain water
harvest?

30. SELECTION OF DDEESSIIGGNN SSTTRRAATTEEGGIIEESS
- The design and selection of the strategies are
depends ultimate design target that required to be
achieved !
- Different building will have different design
ssttrraatteeggiieess ddeeppeenndd oonn tthhee nnaattuurree aanndd pphhyyssiiccaall ooff tthhee
building.
- Any irrelevant measures or too expensive could be
omitted. Can be justified!
- The best is to put priority strategies that have high
performance impact with low or minimum cost to
implement (kWh or CO2 reduction / $$$ invested)

31. Sustainable Energy Management System
1
Setup Energy
Management Committee
2
Appoint an Energy
Manager / EM
Committee leader.
9
Annual Review
Report review
results regularly
10
Operation
3
Prepare an Energy
Policy / Mission
4
Set up an energy
monitoring
reporting system
5
Implement a staff
awareness
training program
6
Conduct an
energy audit
8
Implement
actions
7
Prepare a plan of
action based on
audit’s findings
Phase

32. Energy Management in OM
-
Energy management practice is very crucial to maintain
efficient use of energy in the operation of a building !
Most of operators do not have sence of energy
management due to lack of commitment ffrroomm tthhee cclliieennttss..
This will results most of EE and RE features installed are
not properly maintained according to the design and
function (waste investment money!)
Building without EE features but if highly maintain with EM
practises can make building perform better.

33. End User Awareness
Ene-rgy management awareness among the
users are also very important!
Buildings can be design with super green
technology features but if lack of end user
aawwaarreenneessss,, tthhee bbuuiillddiinngg wwoouulldd nnoott ooppeerraattee
efficiently and waste energy.
Most of operators do not have sence of
energy management due to lack of awareness
and commitment.

34. EXAMPLES / CASES
Energy Management Features
The Building Performance
NNEEWW BBUUIILLDDIINNGG DDEESSIIGGNN

35. IInn 22000022:: KKeeTTTTHHAA’’ss LLEEOO BBuuiillddiinngg
:: EENNEERRGGYY DDEESSIIGGNN EELLEEMMEENNTTSS
In-house Energy
Manager +
Operation
monitoring team
by SEDA

36. ENERGY-Energy Saving Features in L1E0O OBupitlidminisgation
EE in Building Guideline Target (136kWh/m2/yr)
Reference Case 275
Daylight use 247
Insulation in walls and roof 239
223
EE Lighting 22 - 16 w/m2
Equipment 27 – 20 w/m2 195
EE Light 16 – 8 w/m2 173
EE Equipment 20 - 7.5 w/2 123
Energy Management” 112
Room Temp 23 - 24 degrees 102
Especially Tight Building 100
0 100
1000 200 300
Energy Index kWh/m2year
56%
reduction
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment

37. LEO Building
LEO BEI = 100
(Conventional) BEI = 275
175 kWh/m2year
= 3,366,475 kWh/yr
RM 800,000
LEO Building Performance
Average Building Energy Index (BEI) in Parcel B
[kWh/m2/yr]
378
315
278
233
253
322
349
321
268
236
273
296
400
350
300
250
Comparison LEO Building with several
buildings in Putrajaya
or more than per year
Tariff C1
28.8 sen/kWh
Savings = 56%
= 3,366,475 kWh/yr x
0.614 kg CO2/kwh
= 2,067,016 kg/year CO2
= 2,067 tones CO2/year
196
123
167
198
215
114
200
150
100
50
-
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 E4/5
Blocks
[kW h /m 2 /y r ]
AVERAGE (3276 hrs/yr) AVERAGE (Normalised to 2646hrs/yr)

38. 22000077:: GGrreeeennTTeecchh MMaallaayyssiiaa’’ss GGEEOO BBuuiillddiinngg
:: DDEESSIIGGNN EELLEEMMEENNTTSS
- Daylighting (almost 100%)
- EE lighting + task lights
- EE office equipment (laptops, LCD monitors, networked printers)
- Green IT Network server room (75% wireless network)
- EE air conditioning ventilation
- Floor slab cooling (For radiant cooling and thermal storage)
- PCM storage cooling system(minimised air-cond chillers capacity)
- Controls Sensors (VSDs, VAVs, CO2, BMS / Energy monitoring)
- Double glazing (heat and sound insulation)
- Roof and wall Insulation (reduce outside heat gain)
- Grid connected BIPV system (Sell energy to TNB / no batteries)
- Rain water harvest system (landscape, aircond and cleaning)

39. 22000077:: GGrreeeennTTeecchh MMaallaayyssiiaa’’ss GGEEOO BBuuiillddiinngg
:: DDEESSIIGGNN EELLEEMMEENNTTSS
GreenTech GEO
Building
( ~100% Daylight)
Diffused daylight
from skylight

40. MONTHLY GEO BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE
2 5 ,8 7 6
6 ,9 9 3
8 ,2 1 3
8 ,8 2 4
8 ,3 6 8
1 0 ,3 1 2
8 ,9 6 8
8 ,2 3 4
9 ,3 9 4
9 ,5 2 3
8 ,5 8 6
8 ,2 0 5
8 ,7 9 6
9 ,1 0 9
9 ,1 0 5
7 ,2 6 8
7 ,4 1 9
8 ,4 0 7
1 0 ,0 6 7
9 ,5 1 1
8 ,0 5 2
8 ,5 3 9
1 0 ,6 6 0
8 ,7 4 4
1 6 ,7 2 4
2 5 ,7 8 4
2 7 ,9 8 1
2 2 ,2 5 1
2 4 ,8 5 1
2 3 ,6 3 5
2 4 ,9 5 4
2 3 ,7 7 7
2 9 ,1 0 2
2 8 ,0 1 2
2 8 ,4 1 7
2 0 ,2 4 4
1 8 ,4 6 6
2 0 ,1 1 0
1 7 ,4 5 6
1 6 ,0 6 6
1 7 ,3 2 3
1 6 ,4 1 0
1 6 ,7 3 7
1 6 ,1 9 8
1 4 ,9 9 5
1 9 ,6 0 0
1 7 ,7 0 0
97.9
63.0
96
110
90 92 91 93
88
111
104105
75
69
75
65 62 64 63 62 60 62
73
68
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
E n e rg y Co n s ume d / E n e rg y G e n e ra te d [kWh /mo n th ]
180.0
160.0
140.0
120.0
100.0
80.0
60.0
BEI [kWh /m 2 /y e a r]
Example - Monitored GEO Building Energy Index (BEI)
6 ,7 6 2
6 ,1 4 8
23
0
0
6 ,1 0 2
33 32 30
36 35 33 30 33
37 34
40
33 32
37 35
31 32
26 27 28
35
23
34
40
10,000
5,000
0 0
40.0
20.0
0.0
kWh PV 8,824 8,368 6,993 8,213 9,394 9,523 8,586 8,205 8,796 9,109 9,105 10,312 8,968 8,234 10,067 9,511 8,052 8,539 6,762 7,268 7,419 8,407 6,148 8,744 10,660 0
kWh Total 25,876 16,724 25,784 27,981 22,251 24,851 23,635 24,954 23,777 29,102 28,012 28,417 20,244 18,466 20,110 17,456 16,066 17,323 16,410 16,737 16,198 14,995 19,600 17,700 6,102 0
Num of Days 13 31 30 31 30 31 31 28 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 28 31 30 2 0
BEI [kWh/m2/yr] 97.9 63.0 96 110 90 92 91 93 88 111 104 105 75 69 75 65 62 64 63 62 60 62 73 68 23 0
BEI PV 33 32 30 36 35 33 30 33 37 34 40 33 32 37 35 31 32 26 27 28 35 23 34 40 0
kWh PV kWh Total BEI [kWh/m2/yr] BEI PV Linear (BEI [kWh/m2/yr] )
Avera
ge
Avera
ge
(with
July
08
Aug
08
Sept
08
Oct 08
Nov
08
Dec 08 Jan 09 Feb 09
Mac
09
Apr 09
May
09
June
09
July
09
Aug
09
Sept
09
Oct 09
Nov
09
Dec 09 Jan 10 Feb 10
Mac
10
Apr 10
May
10
June
10

41. Energy ( CO2) Savings
GEO BEI = 65
(Conventional) BEI = 220
a/c area 3,175 sq.m
155 kWh/m2year
Savings = 70%
Net saving with Renewable Energy = 85%
Energy saved
= 492,125 kWh/yr
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
or RM 195,374 per year
Tariff B (Low Voltage Commercial Tariff) for all kWh
39.7 sen/kWh
Old tariff B ; 40.8 sen/kWh
= 492,125 x 0.614
= 302,165 kg/year CO2
= 302 tones CO2/year
CO2 saved
0.614 kg of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere for each 1
kWh electricity generated by power plant (Peninsula
Malaysia)

42. 2011: An Example of 40 Storey aanndd TThhiinn BBuuiillddiinngg
:: EENNEERRGGYY DDEESSIIGGNN EELLEEMMEENNTTSS
Energy Saving Strategies To Reduced Building Energy Index [kWh/m2/year]
332
311
382
Use normal brick wall with 90% wall glazing (6mm clear glass)
Reduce WWR from 90 to 60%
Use 12mm light green tinted, LT=63%, Shading=0.57)
2 1 Base
Energy Saving Strategies
142
131
127
162
237
227
288
265
294
Illuminance 300 - 400 Lux and occ.sensors
EE lighting (11.5W/m2)
Use of daylighting with daylight sensors
Energy efficienct office equipment (10W)
Energy efficient fans and motors
Energy Efficient aircond system with BAS, COP 3.8
Room temperature 24 degC
Fresh air control + Heat wheel
Use ALC instead of bricks
- 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
67%
reduction
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment

43. 2004: A Government School CCoommppuutteerr LLaabb
:: EENNEERRGGYY DDEESSIIGGNN EELLEEMMEENNTTSS
54.8%
reduction
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment

44. 2011 ESB – PANASONIC GREEN WAREHOUSE
in SHAH ALAM
-Green Features:
- 100% Daylighting. - Almost 100% Cross ventilation.
- EE Lighting Design and features. - Solar Compund Lighting.
- Inverter Aircond System (office) - Rain water Harvest System
- Net BEI = 15.6kWh/m2/year (more than 70% energy reduced)
- 384.2 TonCO2/year
- SME Green Award 2012
- ASEAN Energy Award : 2012 : 1st Runner-up Tropical Buildings
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment

45. EXAMPLES / CASE
RREETTRROOFFIITT BBUUIILLDDIINNGG

46. 2007 : Retrofitted Warehouse / Workshop Building
with Enhance Energy Management in Shah Alam
Annual Saving
Electrical
kWh/yr RM/yr
Measures
No Cost Measures
De-lamping office lighting 1 3,476 3 ,153.38
Low Cost Measures
Use timer controller for temperature and operate silo ventilation 6 87,760 1 60,935.84
Use of daylight in warehouse 1 9,943 4 ,666.66
Replace normal EXIT signage to LED 2 ,208 5 16.67
Awareness campaigns 7 03,931 1 64,719.85
High Cost Measures
Replace the Metal Halide lamps to T5HO lamps 9 57,012 2 23,940.81
Lighting zoning 4 98,584 1 16,668.66
TOTAL Actual Cost 2 ,882,914 6 74,602
Reduction
50% Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment

47. Results From The Implementation
Energy Saving Measures By KeTTHA
2011 2011 2012
16.5% 18.8% 11.5%
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment

48. Low Carbon House P14 @ Putrajaya
The Green Features:
o East-West building orientation.
o Landscape to absorb heat (IR and UV).
Natural cross ventilation Daylighting.
Since 2010
o o Energy efficient light appliances.
o Energy efficient Interior Design.
o Waste management.
o Awareness and Green Practice.
BEI = 8.27 kWh/m2/year
CO2 = 1.7 ton / year
= 61.4% reduction

49. Low Carbon House P14
Total energy used operational carbon emitted
Actual Building Energy Index (BEI)
= (2,400 kWh/year) / 290 m2.
= 8.27 kWh/m2/year. Building Common
Carbon Metric data in
Putrajaya 2010:
Average BEI for double
Actual Building Operational Carbon Index
= (1,793 kgCO2/year) / 290 m2
= 6.18 kgCO2/m2/year
storey terrace house
= 24 kWh/m2/year.
Average CO2 Index for
double storey terrace
house
= 16 kgCO2/m2/year.
Reduction performance :
a) % of energy reduction
(refer to BEI and Putrajaya CCM 2010)
= (24 – 8.27) / 24 = 65%
b) % of CO2 reduction
(refer to CO2 Index and Putrajaya CCM2010)
= (16 – 6.18) / 16 = 61.4%
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment

50. SEDA Low Energy Office @ Kota Kinabalu 2014
The Energy Efficient Features:
o Maximise use of Daylighting.
o Energy efficient light appliances.
o Energy efficient Interior Design.
o Low Carbon ICT system
o Awareness and Practice.
BEI = 27 kWh/m2/year
CO2 = 16 KgCO2 / m2 / year
= 86.4% reduction

51. SEDA Low Energy Office @ Kota Kinabalu 2014
Maximum use of daylight
SEDA Energy Efficient Office @ Likas Square

52. SEDA Low Energy Office (LEO) @ Kota Kinabalu
Final energy reduction performance
Building Energy Index (BEI)
If the office are not EE = 220kWj/m2/setahun
Actual BEI of SEDA LEO = 27kWj/m2/setahun
If Not EE
220
209
BEI (kWj/m2/year)
27 Actual
0
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment

53. Why EE / Low Carbon Building using Energy
Management approach is Affordable ?
Cheaper way
The longer the way = $$$$$

54. Guidelines and Code of Practice on Energy Efficiency
Renewable Energy Building
Development and Publication of EE in Buildings Guidelines
by Ministry of Energy, Telecommunications Post, 1989.
MS1525 : 2001 – Code of Practise Use of Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy for Non-residential Buildings
(Revised in 2007) by SIRIM.
Malaysia Industrial Energy Audit Guidelines, a handbook for
energy auditors by KTAK, PTM aanndd UUNNDDPP--GGEEFF,, 22000033..
Guidelines for Conducting Energy Audits in Commercial
Buildings by KTAK PTM, 2004.
Design Strategies for Energy Efficiency in New Buildings
(Non-Domestic) by KTAK, DANIDA JKR, 2004.
Energy Efficiency Conservation Guidelines for Malaysian
Industries by KTAK, PTM and UNDP-GEF;
- Part 1 : Electrical Energy-use Equipment, 2007.
- Part 2 : Thermal Energy-use Equipment (2010)
Sustainable Low Carbon Building Performance Framework
(documentation in progress) by SEDA Malaysia.

55. Conclusion
Based on series of RD, studies demonstrations shows that
energy efficiency (sustainable energy) are the fundamental to
reduce operational carbon footprint in building sector.
High EE building performance can be achieved through energy
management process during the design and also operation.
Energy Efficient building is affordable if proper cost cycle analysis
been conducted (during design operation/retrofitting)
The building sector need EE Building assessment tools to assess
and appreciates the performance based on actual energy and
carbon reduction.
Energy Efficient buildings have significant role on low carbon
development especially in cities / township.

56. Way Forward
Energy Management practices to be included into the;
- Development (design construction phase).
- Operation (OM and monitoring phase).
Encourage public and industry to participate in energy
management and energy monitoring activities
(using the BCiS Portal – www.greentownship.my).
Provide assessment for Energy Efficient buildings based on
actual energy reduction to align with national 40% carbon
intensity reduction and global direction towards carbon neutral
development (Using GreenPASS Operation).
To develop data repository for building energy and
carbon emission (city level, State and National level).

57. Way Forward (cont’d)
Appreciate and certified EE buildings (same like other
certified green buildings) and provide incentives (not
necessary in monetary).
Propose the EE Building certifications based on actual
performance and as part of National Appropriate Mitigation
Actions (NAMAs), to provide uniform assessment, reportable
and verifiable.
The government recommended to embark on Common Carbon
Metric (CCM) for various building topology for
monitoring, benchmarking and reporting annual carbon
reduction achievement.

58. Thank you for your attention
Get copy of paper? - Tel / SMS :019-2829102
Steve Anthony Lojuntin
58
steve@seda.gov.my / asetip@damansara.net
http://www.slideshare.net/asetip
SEDA Malaysia,
Galeria PjH, Level 9
Jalan P4W, Persiaran Perdana,
Presint 4, 62100 Putrajaya, Malaysia.
Phone : +603-8870 5800 / 5841
Email: fit@seda.gov.my / steve@seda.gov.my
Web: www.seda.gov.my

59. Additional
Information

60. Who are we : Sustainable Energy
Development Authority (SEDA) Malaysia
www.seda.gov.my

61. SEDA Malaysia Background
• Establishment of Sustainable Energy Development Authority of
Malaysia (SEDA Malaysia) in May 2011
• Centralized Agency for RE.
• Renewable Energy Act Feed In- Tariff (FiT) in Malaysia.
• Development operation of e-FiT
• Assisting KeTTHA / Government on National EEnneerrggyy EEffffiicciieennccyy
Master Plan (2011-2012) (Until Sept 2012).
• Government NKEA EPP9 Programme : Energy Efficiency
- EE in Government Buildings / Universities.
- SAVE EE Programme / EE Appliances Chillers rebate prog.
- Development of Energy performance Contracting (EPC) (Until Sept 2012)
• Assisting Government on the development of the Energy Efficiency
Conservation Act (until Sept 2012).
• Government NKEA EPP4 : Green Technology Business Sector
• ESCO Voluntary Accreditation Programme (until Sept 2012).
• Demonstrate and retrofitting EE projects in Government Buildings.

62. Program by SEDA Malaysia
• Sustainable Low Carbon Building Performance System ***
Documentation of the Low Carbon Building Framework based on
past experiences (RD, demonstration, energy monitoring, etc).
To support National carbon reduction target.
Compatible direct support to LCCF, GreenPASS and Green RE,
and it can be used to support other green building rating system.
Development of Low Carbon Buildings (new design eexxiissttiinngg bbuuiillddiinnggss))..
Application Promotion of MS1525 : Code of Practice Use of
Energy Efficiency Renewable Energy for Non-residential Buildings.
• Sustainable Energy in Buildings (supporting the Gov. Lead By Example)
- Facilitate, assist and providing technical advices on sustainable
energy in buildings from time to time.
- Sustainable Energy Management program.
- Technical matters on Energy Performance Contracting activities.
- Energy Auditing Retrofitting.
- Monitoring Verification and Reporting.

63. Program by SEDA Malaysia
• Low Carbon ICT (“of ICT” and “by ICT”).
- Promotion and Development of Low Carbon ICT in government.
- To support the Green ICT program by government.
- To support the Sustainable Low Carbon Building Performance.
- Baseline of energy / carbon emission in ICT.
- Development of Green ICT standard (committee in MCMC/MDeC).
- Building Energy Management System / Energy Monitoring System.
- Auditing, Retrofitting Performance MMoonniittoorriinngg..
• Capacity Building Technical Services in Sustainable Energy.
- Solar PV Installation.
- Mini Hydro Installation.
- Power Quality Study.
- Energy Audit / Energy management (including thermal energy)
- Energy Efficiency in Chillers Air conditioning.
- Sustainable Low Carbon Buildings / MS1525 program.
- Low Carbon ICT.
- Retrofitting, Finetuning Performance Monitoring.
- Facilitate Energy Performance Contracting (EPC).
- Facilitating the Government Private agencies including the Local Councils / PBTs.

64. Low Carbon Program by SEDA Malaysia
SEDA’s Low Carbon equation;
Low Carbon
= Sustainable Energy XX OOppeerraattiioonnaall
Carbon factor (0.747 kgCO2/kWh)
The low carbon scope is only within the sustainable
energy programme. E-waste, recycling, product labelling,
waste management are not included since it is out of SEDA
Malaysia scope.

65. Method to Identify Building Energy Index (BEI),
NET BEI, GFA, NFA, ACA in several projects in Malaysia since
year 2000
(including KeTTHA aanndd aaggeenncciieess))
1
Malaysian Green Technology
Corporation
(GreenTech Malaysia)
PREVIOUSLY KNOWN AS PUSAT TENAGA MALAYSIA
fendi@greentechmalaysia.my
www.greentechmalaysia.my
Building Consumption
Input System
Sustainable Energy
Development Authority
(SEDA) Malaysia
steve@seda.gov.my
www.seda.gov.my
May 2013

66. Definition
Gross Floor Area (GFA),
Net FFlloooorr AArreeaa ((NNFFAA)),,
Air-Cond Area (ACA)
Building Energy Index (BEI)
Net Building Energy Index (Net BEI)

67. Definitions
Gross Floor Area (GFA):
Total area of all floors of a building as measured to the outside
surfaces of exterior walls and including flat roofs, halls, stairways,
elevator/lift shafts, attached garages / carparks
(undergound/attached/indoor), porches, balconies, basements,
offices but excluding voids and open/uncovered carparks.
Net Floor Area (NFA):
Also called Net-Usable Area or Occupied Area. Gross Floor Area
excluding Carparks External Corridor; the area included in
surrounding walls of a building e.g offices, stores, meeting rooms,
risers, internal porches etc, or portion thereof.
Air Cond Area (ACA):
is Net-Floor Area which has air conditioning/ cooling spaces
excluding toilet (for some buildings) and ME rooms.

68. Net Floor Area OR
GFA
NFA
ACA

69. BEI Defination as ;
Building Energy Index (BEI) [kWh/m2/year]
= Total Energy Consumption a year [kWh/year]
Total Occupied or Net Floor AArreeaa [[mm22]]
Total Energy Consumption is defined as total energy of
electricity (or electricity equivalent) consumed by the building
in kWh per annum.
•All energy consumed by the Gross Floor Area (occupied
and unoccupied in building including energy for ICT.
•Excluding energy produced by Renewable Energy.

70. NET BEI Definition as ;
NET BEI [kWh/m2/year]
= Total Net Energy Consumption [kWh/year]
Total Net Floor Area [m2]
Total Net Energy Consumption is defined as total energy ooff eelleeccttrriicciittyy ((oorr
electricity equivalent) consumed by the building in kWh per annum and Total
Energy Generated (electricity equivalent) in the building.
• All energy consumed by the Gross Floor Area (occupied and unoccupied
in building including energy for ICT.
• Include energy produced by Renewable Energy.
NET BEI [kWh/m2/year]
= (Σ Energy Consumption - Σ Energy Generated by RE ) [kWh/year]
Total Net Floor Area [m2]

71. Notes : This conventional BEI formula has been used in series of government and
private projects and documents such as;
More than 38 government buildings in UiTM Energy Auditing Projects ECO-Energy-PTM (2000-2001).
12 Government Buildings Energy Audit by ESCOs PTM (2003).
LEO Building (since 2002).
GEO Building (Since 2007).
EPU – DANIDA Integrated Resources Planning – EE in Office, Hospital Hotels (2004-2006)
Putrajaya Government Energy Audit Retroffiting Projects by KeTTHA / SEDA (2010 - 2012).
Prime Minister Office Enegry Audit by JKR (2010)
Low Carbon Cities Framework (by KeTTHA/GreenTech Malaysia and launched by YAB PM in Sept 2011).
Draft of Construction Industry Standard (CIS) 20, GreenPASS by CIDB (since 2011).
Europe Asean Energy Funding Project (Building Benchmarking PTM - NUS) (2007).
Online Building Consumption Input System (BBCCiiSS)) ((ssiinnccee 22001100))..
More than 50 Government Buildings in Putrajaya (by JKR Putrajaya).
Common Carbon Metric Building Study in Putrajaya (2010).
Energy Audits of Government Quarters by JKR ECO Energy (2006).
Energy Audits of Government Clinic at Taman Ehsan by DANIDA-JKR (2003).
Energy Audits of Government Schools by JKR ECO-Energy (2006)
Energy Efficiency Design of Government School Computer Lab (2004).
ESB-Panasonic Green Warehouse in Shah Alam (2012)
IKEA Warehouse Shah Alam by ECO-Energy (2007).
SEDA Malaysia Low Energy Office (LEO) @ Kota Kinabalu (2014)
Private own buildings on commercial and industrial.
Energy Management project by the Industry / ESCOs.
Energy manager and Energy management training course.
Energy Audit trainings

72. MONTHLY GEO BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE
2 5 ,8 7 6
6 ,9 9 3
8 ,2 1 3
8 ,8 2 4
8 ,3 6 8
1 0 ,3 1 2
8 ,9 6 8
8 ,2 3 4
9 ,3 9 4
9 ,5 2 3
8 ,5 8 6
8 ,2 0 5
8 ,7 9 6
9 ,1 0 9
9 ,1 0 5
7 ,2 6 8
7 ,4 1 9
8 ,4 0 7
1 0 ,0 6 7
9 ,5 1 1
8 ,0 5 2
8 ,5 3 9
1 0 ,6 6 0
8 ,7 4 4
1 6 ,7 2 4
2 5 ,7 8 4
2 7 ,9 8 1
2 2 ,2 5 1
2 4 ,8 5 1
2 3 ,6 3 5
2 4 ,9 5 4
2 3 ,7 7 7
2 9 ,1 0 2
2 8 ,0 1 2
2 8 ,4 1 7
2 0 ,2 4 4
1 8 ,4 6 6
2 0 ,1 1 0
1 7 ,4 5 6
1 6 ,0 6 6
1 7 ,3 2 3
1 6 ,4 1 0
1 6 ,7 3 7
1 6 ,1 9 8
1 4 ,9 9 5
1 9 ,6 0 0
1 7 ,7 0 0
97.9
63.0
96
110
90 92 91 93
88
111
104105
75
69
75
65 62 64 63 62 60 62
73
68
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
E n e rg y Co n s ume d / E n e rg y G e n e ra te d [kWh /mo n th ]
180.0
160.0
140.0
120.0
100.0
80.0
60.0
BEI [kWh /m 2 /y e a r]
Example - Monitored GEO Building Energy Index (BEI)
6 ,7 6 2
6 ,1 4 8
23
0
0
6 ,1 0 2
33 32 30
36 35 33 30 33
37 34
40
33 32
37 35
31 32
26 27 28
35
23
34
40
10,000
5,000
0 0
40.0
20.0
0.0
kWh PV 8,824 8,368 6,993 8,213 9,394 9,523 8,586 8,205 8,796 9,109 9,105 10,312 8,968 8,234 10,067 9,511 8,052 8,539 6,762 7,268 7,419 8,407 6,148 8,744 10,660 0
kWh Total 25,876 16,724 25,784 27,981 22,251 24,851 23,635 24,954 23,777 29,102 28,012 28,417 20,244 18,466 20,110 17,456 16,066 17,323 16,410 16,737 16,198 14,995 19,600 17,700 6,102 0
Num of Days 13 31 30 31 30 31 31 28 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 28 31 30 2 0
BEI [kWh/m2/yr] 97.9 63.0 96 110 90 92 91 93 88 111 104 105 75 69 75 65 62 64 63 62 60 62 73 68 23 0
BEI PV 33 32 30 36 35 33 30 33 37 34 40 33 32 37 35 31 32 26 27 28 35 23 34 40 0
kWh PV kWh Total BEI [kWh/m2/yr] BEI PV Linear (BEI [kWh/m2/yr] )
Avera
ge
Avera
ge
(with
July
08
Aug
08
Sept
08
Oct 08
Nov
08
Dec 08 Jan 09 Feb 09
Mac
09
Apr 09
May
09
June
09
July
09
Aug
09
Sept
09
Oct 09
Nov
09
Dec 09 Jan 10 Feb 10
Mac
10
Apr 10
May
10
June
10

73. Examples of BEI of Government’s
Low Carbon Buildings
BEI = 114 (59% reduce)
1,490 TonCO2/year
ASEAN Energy Award : 2006
Design BEI = 85 (60% reduce)
637 TonCO2/year (**To verify)
ASEAN Energy Award : 2012
BEI = 65
Net BEI = 30 (86% reduce)
65 TonCO2/year
ASEAN EA : 2009/2010/2011

74. BEI and Common Carbon Metric
(CCM) Study in Putrajaya (2010)

75. Continuous Improvement project of
Energy Efficient buildings in Malaysia
Energy Indices ( kWh/m2year)
300
250
200
150
Typical Consumption
200 – 300 kWh/m2year
EE in Building Guideline (1989)), reference for MS1525
100
50
0
136
Normal
Buildings
LEO
Building
EC
Building
GEO
Building
Benchmark year: 2001 2006 ( 2015)
MS 1525:2007 – Code of Practise Use of EE RE for Non-residential buildings
Energy
Consumption
Green Energy
(PV)
Solar Electric
generation
6633