This document summarizes an energy audit conducted at Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP). The audit assessed 8 buildings and found that the Department of Development building consumed 322,402 kWh per year, with air conditioning making up 64% of energy usage and lighting 20%. Recommendations included installing shading, optimizing daylighting, changing to more efficient light fittings, and implementing automatic timers and sensors. Behavioral changes like awareness campaigns were also suggested to reduce energy 10% and lower costs.

1. ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROJECT REPORT
(ENERGY AUDIT)
For
The Submission Of Application To Be
A Registered Electrical Energy Manager Under Efficient
Management Of Electrical Energy Regulations 2008
Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
Department of Development Building
MUHAMMAD ARKAM BIN CHE MUNAAIM
(Mega Jati Consult Sdn Bhd)
12 JUNE 2015

2.  Overview
 Building Description
 Historical Energy Consumption
 Load Profile And Energy Apportioning
 Data Collections
 Finding And Recommendation
 Conclusion
CONTENT

3. OVERVIEW
 Mega Jati Consult Sdn Bhd (MJC) in 2012-2013 was appointed to conduct an
energy audit (feasibility study) at 8 (eight) UniMAP’s premises in Perlis.
 More than 30 scattered UniMAP’s buildings in Perlis, initiatives driven by School of
Environmental Engineering UniMAP was desired to know the actual condition of
energy consumption and investigate the awareness of being efficient among
the building occupants.
 The audit is conducted by 2 approaches, awareness questionnaire to the
building occupants and data collection with observation using portable devices.
 The audit is refers to MS1525:2007 and Malaysian GBI Rating as a
comparison. Meanwhile Electrical Supply Act 1990 and Efficient Management of
Electrical Energy Regulation (EMEER) 2008 are used as a guideline to overall
objectives in this audit.

4. TEAM MEMBER
Muhammad Arkam Bin Che Munaaim (Leader-Contact Person)
Head of auditor for data collection, data analysis, building design review, passive
design element observation, reporting findings and recommendation.
Assoc Prof Dr. Rodzi Bin Ismail (CETREE USM-Reviewer)
Aida Zuriani Binti Zulkafli (Assist Elec Eng)- data collection and data entry.
Nurfirdatulhusna Binti Abd Ghani (Assist Mech Eng) )- data collection and data entry.
Nur Syafiqah Zakaria (Technical Assistant) - data collection and data entry.
Nor Shahida Abd Razak (Technical Assistant) - data collection and data entry.
THE PROCESS
FACT FINDING
INITIAL
MEASUREMENT
AWARENESS
INTERVIEW
DATA
COLLECTION
CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATION

5. BUILDING DESCRIPTION
No. Building Usage No. of level
Year of
completion
Occupied
Area (m2)
1.
Department of
Development
UniMAP (65 staff)
Administration/
Finance/
Engineering
Total 10
compartments in 3
stories building
2003 1120.00
THE AUDITED BUILDING
FRONT

6. Historical Energy Consumption (12 months)
Monthly estimated electrical consumption and costs from March 2012 to February 2013
Month
(Estimate)
kWh*
Cost (RM)
Mar 2012 30,817 9,615
Apr 2012 27,317 8,523
May 2012 23,246 7,253
Jun 2012 29,942 9,342
Jul 2012 24,397 7,612
Aug2012 17,775 5,546
Sept 2012 32,410 10,112
Oct 2012 42,080 13,129
Nov 2012 24,560 7,663
Dec 2012 21,967 6,854
Jan 2013 27,418 8,554
Feb2013 20,473 6,387
12 MONTH 322,402 kWh RM 78,795
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
Mar-12
Apr-12
May-12
Jun-12
Jul-12
Aug-12
Sep-12
Oct-12
Nov-12
Dec-12
Jan-13
Feb-13
kWh
RM

7. Load Profile and Energy Apportioning
Building End-use Energy Apportioning
End-Use Loads Approximate kWh/year %**
Lighting 67,382 20.9
Air Conditioning 207,304 64.3
Office Equipments 32,885 10.2
Others 14,830 4.6
TOTAL 322,402 kWh 100%
Estimate building end-use energy apportioning
**Apportioning based on measurement of electrical board distribution during auditing.
BEI = 287 kWh/m2/year
(compared to benchmark GBI 90 – 150 for Green Building)

8. Load Profile and Energy Apportioning
Estimate building end-use energy apportioning
**Apportioning based on measurement of electrical board distribution during auditing.
67,382
207,304
32,885 14,830
Lighting
Air Conditioning
Office Equipments
Others
By knowing that the major contribution of energy consumption is for air conditioning
and lighting, the potential of saving is obtainable for these elements.

9. Data Collections

10. Data Collections

11. Finding and Recommendation: Building-Passive Strategies
Recommendation:
Shading façade shall be use and replace total dark tinted film to see through UV
protected film to encourage more daylighting inside building but aware on the solar heat
gain.

12. Finding and Recommendation: Building-Passive Strategies
Recommendation:
Relocate the internal racking system so that the lighting will not be blocking (either
natural lighting or artificial lighting)

13. Finding and Recommendation: Building-Passive Strategies
Recommendation:
Identify the potential daylighting zone and utilize the daylight instead of using artificial
light. Re-arrange the floor layout if neccesary to optimize the daylighting from outside.

14. Finding and Recommendation: Some Active Strategies
Recommendation:
Introduce “timer setting” for air conditioning unit since lot of staff are site-based and
actively commute to do servicing out of the office. They tend to leave the AC unit ON
even not in use (no occupant). Numbers of overall AC unit = 48 with total of 72 HP.

15. Finding and Recommendation: Some Active Strategies
Recommendation:
Re-partition the overall office space especially in the area where daylight not utilise.
Some of the area near to the window is not required to switch on the light during daytime

16. Finding and Recommendation: Some Active Strategies
Recommendation:
Plug the leak through open door and door closer is cheap solution. Maintain the light
fitting by replacing the faulty part to ensure sufficient lux at working space.

17. Finding and Recommendation: Behavioural and Awareness
Recommendation:
Awareness campaign/training on energy efficiency and poster notice to put at strategic
places to improve awareness on EE among occupants.

18. Finding and Recommendation:
It is found that the building has 3 separate energy meters but
that with intention to measure the different office-block energy
usage. It is highly recommend to change the metering system
from by block-connected to by load-connected to help in energy
management and recording.
All these low-cost actions is estimated to reduce the energy
usage by 10%. This is due to possibility to decrease the BEI for as
high as 287 kWh/m2/year to 250 kWh/m2/year as achievable in
same building category as audited building.

19. Finding and Recommendation: Next Approach
Since lighting is contributed to 21% of energy used in this
building, mitigate the lighting fitting from normal 2x4 double
fluorescent light to energy saving fitting is desired next:
Number of light fittings (Overall) = 153 numbers
(153 numbers) : (36W x 2) + (5 W normal ballast x 2)
Then, Each fitting contribute estimate 82 Watt
All fittings 82W x 153 = 12,546 W = 12.5 kW total existing light

20. Finding and Recommendation: Next Approach
To change the overall light fittings to electronic ballast with T5
light fitting (total 46.2 Watt) overall estimated new total
connected load for lighting:
Number of light fittings (Overall) =
(153 numbers x 46.2W) = 7,069 Watt, new connected light load.

21. Finding and Recommendation: Next Approach
Hence, the possible saving on lighting:
As installed lightings : 12.5 kW
Proposed new type of lightings : 7.1 kW
Estimated energy saving from new T5 lighting per year
: 12.5 – 7.1 = 5.4 kW potential saving from new lightings
: 5.4kW / 12.5kW * 100 = 43% potential saving
: 0.43 x 67,382 = 29,109 kWh/year in year kW saving
: Potential saving @ 0.31 cent = RM 9,024 / year.

22. Simple Payback Calculation (ROI)
The expected investment:
Light Fittings : RM 45.00
Installation : RM 30.00
Estimated installation cost 153 x RM 75 = RM 11,475
Potential Saving from new T5 lighting:
: RM 11,475 / RM 9,024
: 1.27 Years ± 1.3 years.

23. NEB: ENVIRONMENTAL SAVING (CO2)
The CO2 saving from each kilowatt electricity energy saved is
estimated at 740 gram (Malaysia) :
Potential Estimated CO2 Saving from new T5 lightings:
: 29,109 kWh/year ÷ 24hr = 1,213 kW/year
: 1,213 kW/year X 0.74 kg/kW
: 897 kg/year estimated CO2 Saving

24. Finding and Recommendation: Very Next Approach
Since air conditioner is contributed to 60% of energy used in
this building, some engineering control for any wastages of
energy due to bad human habit is really helpful such as timer
switch:

25. Finding and Recommendation: Quick View
1) Photocells control for corridor lighting (ground floor)
2) Motion sensor control for staircase less-occupied area.
3) Reduced heat gain from above ceiling space (attic) by using
turbine ventilator to minimize heat conduction through
ceiling panel for top floor building.
4) Introduce remote-passive-daylighting to area which can’t be
reached by natural daylight through normal fenestrations.
5) Rewarding the unit member when saving energy target is
achieved.
6) Continuously record and monitor the energy usage.

26. SUMMARY
ENERGY SAVING OPPORTUNITIES
LOW-COST:
Implement Passive Design:
- Shading and change the total dark
tinted film at building envelope.
- Relocate the internal arrangement.
- Utilize daylighting
- Change furniture block lighting
- Maintenance well
- Awareness campaign
MEDIUM-COST:
Some Initial final Fitting Changes
- Mitigate to T5 light fittings
- Imposed automatic OFF timer to
the individual AC (must be at 2 pole
switch)
- Apply motion sensors, light sensors
and turbine ventilator, r-s-daylight.
- Maintenance well
Awareness and administrative control, campaign, incentives, remark
the success, check and review, monitor and improve.

27. CONCLUSION
Even with all measures taken to ensure EE application is
imposed, the main factors that contribute to the success rate is
the human behaviour and awareness.
By understanding that electrical energy wastage somehow
related to non renewable fossil fuel generating somewhere far
from their points of switches, with some awareness, they will
have their own conscious and resulting simple energy efficient
action individually.

28. THANK YOU