HRM refers to programs, functions, and activities designed to maximize both employee and organizational effectiveness. It involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling how an organization procures, develops, compensates, integrates, maintains, and separates its human resources in order to accomplish individual, organizational, and social objectives. HRM is concerned with managing an organization's people since people are essential to achieving organizational goals, regardless of the type of organization. The objectives of HRM are to help organizations achieve their primary goals, be responsive to societal needs and challenges while minimizing negative impacts, and maintain departmental contributions and service levels to meet organizational needs while also assisting employees in achieving personal goals that enhance their contributions.