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Q7
Preliminary exercise: using DTP and an image manipulation program, produce the front page of a
new school/college magazine, featuring a photograph of a student in medium close-up plus some
appropriately laid out text and a masthead. Additionally candidates must produce a DTP mock-up of
the layout of the contents page to demonstrate their grasp of the program.

Main task: the front page, contents and double page spread f a new music magazine (is done as a
group task, each member of the group to produce an individual edition of the magazine, following the
same house style). Maximum four members to a group.
Q5
                                             A MAGAZINE MUST HAVE:
                STRAP
 Contain more information to appeal to
              audience, i.e.
    Prizes, competitions, interesting
                                                                        BUTTON
                                                                 Adds more information, often again
 storeys. Top of the page, first thing the
                                                                 can include prizes, competitions etc.
             reader looks at.
          MASTHEAD
The masthead must be in the top third
of the magazine and the largest text on
                                                                     EYE CONTACT
     the page to stand out and draw                               Draws the audience in to buy the
              audience in.                                      magazine, interacts with the audience.


           FEATURES
   More features on the cover to again
  appeal to the audience but not take the
                                                                      ANCHORING
      attention off the cover story.                           Used so the buyer knows exactly who
                                                                 the cover star is and what they are
                                                                saying, in case it isn't recognisable.

              COLOUR
              SCHEME                                               RULE OF THIRDS
                                                                Feature so you know where common
        Colour scheme on every
                                                                   elements go on a magazine, i.e.
   magazine, links into the lead story.
                                                                Masthead being dedicated to top third
  Makes the magazine look professional
                                                                as its the first thing the audience look
   and makes certain parts stand out
                                                                                     at.
           more than others.



                                                                         BARCODE
                                                                 Every magazine has one to make it
                                                                       able to sell in shops.
Q5
                                        A MAGAZINE MUST HAVE:
                                                            BRANDING
                                                           V festival, a recognisable company
                                                          that all NME readers will be aware of.
                                                          They will be interested in the festival
                                                          as they like the music the festival has
                                                                           on offer.



            GENRE
Genre is reinforced through the other
features on the magazine cover, clear
target audience. Cover star’s clothes
     and facial expressions again
        emphasize the genre.




                                                                  BRANDING
                                                         Reinforcement of the brand. NME has
                                                         many platforms, you can access the
                                                                          bran
                                                        through, print, online, gigs, tickets and
                                                        the phone. Wide variety to get through
                                                           to the company. Therefore a large
                                                          company with lots to offer its target
                                                                       audience.
DATE
                                        Common feature

           MASTHEAD                                              BUTTON
      Masthead at the top of the                         Unique selling point, makes the
     magazine so that it stands out                         audience attracted to this
      and catches the audiences                                    magazine
               attention

               LOGO
       “s” in different font to stand
         out, make the magazine                             COLOUR SCHEME
                                                            Consistent, makes the magazine
              recognisable.
                                                            look professional and creates a
                                                                    brand identity.



          ANCHOR
   Quote and name anchoring the
  cover star so the audience know
    who she is and the quote is
           relevant to her


                                                                    STRAP
UNIQUE SELLING POINT                                      Unique selling point, draws the
    The word exclusive attracts                                    audience in.
            audience.




                                                               BARCODE
                                                         Necessary for sale, all magazines
                                                                    have one
Q7


                                             BUTTON
                                      I would use textboxes within
                                     the button to fill the space so it
                                       didn’t look unprofessional.




        FEATURES                           RED EYE
I would shift the image slightly    I would use an editing website
   more over to the right so I      or adobe photo shop to remove
 could then add more features         the red eye in the cover star.
  down the left hand side. This
would attract an audience to my
 magazine because they could
then feel that there money was
  spent worth wile on articles
they were interested in and not
just one article then other stuff
    that was uninteresting.




                                                    PRICE
                                         I would add the price onto the
                                           magazine so the buyer new
                                               how much it cost.
My target audience will be FEMALES aged around
    13-17. They will be interested in FASHION and
 learning about different trends through the different
SEASONS. They will be open to advice and take an
interest in real life stories. My audience will finally be
   into a wide VARIETY of music and be outgoing.
Q5
                                       DATE
                 MASTHEAD
       Reinforces the name of
   magazine, creates brand identity.




                                                      FEATURES
           EDITORIAL                          Adds more information about what the
 Adds some information about the               articles include, tries to bring in the
  inspiration the editor got when                            audience.
creating the magazine, interested in
  what the reader is interested in.



               UNIQUE
               SELLING
                POINT
            Draws the audiences
             attention, different
                                                         PAGE
         colour, makes them want to                    NUMBERS
               go to that page                    Anchoring the pictures so the
                                               audience know where to go for what
                                                page they have taken interest for




                                                        CAPTION
                                                Gives more of an explanation for the
                                                    photo which it is anchoring.
I conducted a questionnaire to find out what the students of Aquinas where interested in. I collated all of
       my research and put all of my results in graphs to make it more clear, here is 4 examples:

                      Where do you shop?                                                               After Aquinas
                                                                                      14
                 kendal's                3                                            12
                                             4
                      Zara                       5                                    10
                                         3                                             8
             River Island                            6
                                                 5                                     6
    TopShop/TopMan                                                          18         4
                                                         7                             2
                 Primark             2
                                                                                       0
                             0               5               10    15        20                 Uni        Travel/Gap year   Dont Know




              How do you get to college?                                                              Places to eat out
   Moped          1                                                                        20
    Drive         1                                                                        15
    Train         1                                                                        10
      Lift             2                                                                    5
     Walk         1                                                                        0

     Bus                                                               15

             0                   5                   10           15             20
From the research discovered here I created an Aquinas reader profile to suit the majority results.
Play football           Like brands such as;
                                                                         Hollister, Addidas, Vans
               Members of Aquinas college




Interested in things going on                                                                 Want to go onto further
  around college, e.g. Trips                 AQUINAS MAGAZINE                                 education after college
                                            AUDIENCE BREAKDOWN


                                                                                Both female and male
      People who go on social                     Read other magazines
         networking sites
No eye contact, doesn‟t     Slightly squinted   To much space at the top of the
draw the reader in. Also   eyes, doesn‟t draw         photo, doesn‟t look
     has red eye.               reader in.      professional. Also has red eye.
STRAP
                                           Attracts audience to buy
                                                  magazine.
         MASTHEAD
  Doesn't need to stand out, no
   competitors however meets
    conventions and creates
           branding.
                                              BUTTON
                                         Attracts audience to buy
            LOGO                                magazine.
    Brand identity, fits in with the
  college logo and colour scheme.



     EYE CONTACT
       Draws the buyer in.                     ANCHOR
                                       Shows buyer who is on the cover
                                              of the magazine.




      FEATURES
    Shows buyer what other                        STRAP
  information will be included.        Unique selling point, attracts the
                                        audience into the magazine
 COLOUR SCHEME
Consistent throughout the cover
                                                   DATE
 and contents, a mixed genre
             colour.                           BARCODE
                                               Necessary for sale
ANCHORING
 •The importance to anchor the
name of the cover star and quote
  •Making it clear to the buyer




   EYE CONTACT
   •Draws the audience in to the
   magazine making them want to
              buy it.




RULE OF THIRDS
    •Where different conventions go
            on magazine
    •Top always being dedicated to
               masthead
BRANDING
          DATE                             Reinforces the brand, makes it
                                                   recognisable


                                        RELEVENCE TO COVER
                                               Fast way for audience to go
  PAGE NUMBERS                             straight to a page which they were
 Page numbers stand out to make                         drawn in by
it easy for the reader to find which
            page is which
                                            PAGE NUMBERS
                                            Quick way for audience to
                                                navigate through
                                                   magazine
        COLUMN
 Neat way to lay out each different
      page within magazine

                                                 QUOTE
                                       Gives an insight to article of which
   SUBHEADINGS                           is anchoring. Persuasive for
 Gives slightly more information                 buyer to read.
       about each article.
                                          COLOUR SCHEME
                                            Consistent, links to cover and
                                              brand identity, logo etc.
BEFORE                       AFTER

          SUB TITLES
         •Adding subtitles
           to makes the
           contents look
           professional

             •Gives the
           audience more
         information about
           each article to
          draw them into
                 it.
Please follow the link below to see what I changed
           within my Aquinas magazine and why.




http://prezi.com/qyywlcop4ewn/media/
Q5

                                 DROP CAP            STAND FIRST
                                                      Tells the reader a
                                  Tells the reader     little about the
                                   where to start    article to persuade
                                      reading        them to read it all.


                                                                                                       INTERGRATED
HEADING                                                                                                   QUOTE
   Tells the                                                                                            Draws attention to
audience what                                                                                            a specific part of
 the article is                                                                                        the article which will
    about.                                                                                               attract attention
                                                                                                             towards.

                                                                                                        PICTURES
                                                                                                        Tell the audience a
                                                                                                       little more about the
                                                                                                       band and what they
                                                                                                              get up to.

                                                                                                       CAPTIONS
                                                                                                          Relates to the
                                                                                                        pictures, again to
                                                                                                            give more
                                                                                                        information to the
                                                                                                             reader.

USE OF COLOUR                                                               COLUMNS
Contrast of colour between the                                   Keep the story line in neat order
 heading and picture. Makes                                     so the reader can follow the article
     heading stand out.                                         through without getting mixed up.
Not of all band
members, also not
much eye contact
 with the reader.



Unclear image, can't
 see all of the band
   members easy


    Not of band
members, just other
    people in the
video, doesn't relate
     to article.


 No eye contact with
  three of the band
 members, could get
    a better shot.
Heading/Name of the band                                  Shot images off the music
                               Unique selling point                    video




  Caption



 Drop cap



Stand first




                                 Quotes               Grey box to add more       Reinforce brand identity
                                                           information
OVERALL LAYOUT
 Change the overall layout so it is
  more professional, looks like it           TAB
 would be in a younger magazine        Add a tab so that the
          due to layout.                audience can easily
                                        find the page when
                                          they are flicking
                                      through the magazine.




STAND FIRST
 Doesn‟t stand out and
   grab the audiences
attention, just fits in with
  the rest of the text. I
 would make it bold or
  have it in a different
      coloured box.                   BLANK SPACE
                                            Add more
                                          information in
                                        the grey box so
                                        it wasn‟t leaving
                                        room at the end
                                           of the page.
IN THE INDUSTRY AT THE MOMENT, THERE ISNT REALLY A PRODUCT WHICH IS AVAILABLE
FOR MY TARGET AUDIENCE… HERE ALL THE CLOSEST TWO:




     NME is aimed more at BOYS than               KERRANG is aimed more
    GIRLS and also to a slightly OLDER           towards ROCK rather than
               generation.                                INDIE.
I believe there is a GAP IN THE MARKET for
MY TARGET AUDIENCE as there is no other
which targets the SAME group. I think if my
magazine was out there it would SELL WELL
       and be popular to its audience.
LINK TO SPIDER DIAGRAM
I thought of different names for my masthead before coming up with a final choice:
•I chose to pick a font of a free
          website, www.urbanfonts.com
•I chose to minimize the fonts so a “distorted” one
              so it matched my genre




       •I then chose this font because I think it
              connotates my genre well




•I then decided to overlap the font three times to
make it look 3D. I thought this made reinforced
            the title of the magazine.
I liked the blue because I thought it worked well
with me genre, I wanted something different and
 therefore I thought it would be suitable for my
                    magazine.


 I liked the purple as I thought it was different, it
   wasn‟t to bright yet stood out amongst other
mastheads. I chose the blue as I thought it could
  become a more recognisable brand identity.



 Didn‟t like the pink as I thought it was to girlie
and didn‟t really match with my genre, I think it
also looks unprofessional and would be hard to
                keep it consistent.

I thought the green was a little to bright, it didn‟t
    really stand out and catch the audiences
attention, maybe a more deeper green could of
                      worked.
I then decided to layer my masthead as I thought it looked more effective and
   also went with the name of the magazine as REVERB is often linked with
         ECHO, therefore the masthead looking quite 3D worked well.
Long shot, not      Cover star isn't making full
                                                    Cover star looking directly       Long shot, not
suitable for main   eye contact, doesn‟t draw the
                                                     into camera, mid shot.       suitable for magazine
    photo on        buyer in to buy the magazine.                                         cover.
magazine cover.
•Only two colours, makes nothing
stand out and grab readers attention

•No information on cover star

•The word is “insight” repeated
twice, doesn‟t make sense

•Reverbs' top 10 what? Isn't clear to
the audience.
•Much more good use of
colour, yellow makes things stand
out.

•A more suitable name for cover star
to suit genre.

•Change of some features

•Unique selling point with “free
giveaways”

•Price and barcode not on
front, looked to cramped.

•Replacement of “insight”
STRAP   UNIQUE SELLING POINT   Q2


                                    BUTTON
      MASTHEAD

REPETATIVE FEATURE




                                      ANCHOR
   FEATURES




    QUOTE


                                        STRAP
Plain, doesn‟t
                                                       represent
                                                       anything.



                                                        Not much
                                                       going on to
                                                        represent
                                                         festival.

  Can see the
 conservatory in      Cover star      Good use of
       the          doesn‟t have a    background,
background, mak        powerful         strong
  es photo look    expression, also   pose, quirky
 unprofessional.     looks tired.       image.
                                                      Both photo‟s
                                                      have a good
                                                     use of crowds.
•Didn‟t like the top of the contents
page, looks unprofessional

•There are to many divided sections and
there wont be enough room for all of
the different pages.
•Good use of different colours

•Enough information going on to look
like a real contents page in a magazine
today

•Anchors to indicate clearly what is on
what page
BRAND     DATE/ISSUE NO.
   IDENTITY



 COLUMNS

                 ANCHOR
  DIVIDED
 SECTIONS
                 CONSISTANT
                   STYLE
STAND OUT
 NUMBERS


                EDITORIAL
                BRAND IDENTITY
                REINFORCEMENT
Edited badly, can
                                                                  still see pink
                                                                  background.




 Writing unclear     Head tilted a little
on finger, red eye    to much again
 and also not a      red eye and also
clearly identified     not a clearly
      genre.         identified genre.            Good
                                              photo, draws
                                               audience
                                                in, clear
                                             genre, fits with
                                            magazine colour
                                                scheme.
•Standard layout

•Plain colours

•Empty spaces

•Not good use of photos

•Looks childish
•More common professional layout

•Better use of colours, more standing
out

•Better use of space

•Looks overall more professional.
DROP CAP
                               QUOTE   STAND FIRST
                                                      TAB
     HEADING
                                        COLUMNS




COVER
 STAR



CAPTION
                                                       CAPTION




           BRAND     BY LINE
          IDENTITY                                   GREY BOX
Q1                                                                                                                                   Q3


                              Has previously bought
                                “NME” or “Mojo”
                                                                    Lives in Manchester


                                                                                                    White British




      Goes to gigs and
      festivals such as;
     Leeds, V festival etc.                           I AIMED MY MAGAZINE
                                                               AT...                                    Primarily female
                                                                                                    Secondary their little sisters




                    Aged between 15-25


                                                                            Listens to artists such as
                                                                                 “Lady Hawke”
                                                      Indie/Rock
                                                                             “Paramore” “Lily Allen”
Q1
Q1
 I think my magazine is similar to “NME.” There is one minor difference between the two magazines, NME targets
 both male and female however primarily male, consequently REVERB primarily targets females although aims for
                                                   both genders.
Q1                              Q5

      Interested in festivals



         Similar layout
            overall


        Focuses more on
         different gender
               artists


      All contain one lead
              story




     Album information


     Artists to suit genre
STRAP   UNIQUE SELLING POINT
Q2

                                    BUTTON
        MASTHEAD

REPETITIVE FEATURE




                                      ANCHOR
     FEATURES




      QUOTE


                                        STRAP
Q2

     Gender:
     My magazine is aimed primarily at females but also at
     males who are into the same kind of music and facts. The
     cover star is female however isn't portraying a
     stereotypical female look.

     Age: The target audience is around 14-20, within the
     cover stars age range so the audience can then relate to
     the issues within the magazine.

     Genre: The genre is “indie/rock” this is portrayed through
     the cover stars expression and pose, also the names of
     the artists and the promotion of other band at the bottom
     of the magazine.
Q2


     “First Look!” draws the                               In the strap, first thing the
     audience in because no                                   buyer reads, “FREE”
     other magazine has it to                              persuades the audience to
         offer. Top of the                                            buy it.
     magazine, eye catching
      towards the audience.




        Stands out amongst
competitors, Overlapped three times                                    Button right near the
 to make it look 3D and connotative                                    masthead, audience
     the name of the magazine.                                        will read it, contrast of
                                                                      colours, eye catching.
                                       Repetition of a
                                      feature within the
                                         magazine.
Q2




     •The use of yellow stands out and attracts
     the audience towards the magazine

     •Yellow totally opposite colour than the blue
     and black, eye catching!

     •Other artists on the cover of the magazine
     shows that the magazine has to offer other
     information on artists the target audience will
     be interested in.

     •Both storylines stand out and attract the
     audience to read them because of the
     contrast of colours.
Q2


   “Exclusive” with a black
 background noticeable as no      Large image taking up the
    other pages have this.         majority of the page, first
                                 thing the audience looks at
                                      and reads about.




 Dividers within the contents
 page, shows the audience
 which section to look at to
     find the article they
    want, don't have to go
  through the whole of the
        contents page.
                                COLOUR:
                                -Consistent house style with cover
                                to create a BRAND IDENTITY
                                -Yellow to help make certain
                                features stand out amongst others
Q2            Heading at the top of the
             page, stands out, audience    Stand first starts the reader      Tab draws audience in
             immediately know who the     reading, attracts audience to    because they can be flicking
                   article is about       start reading due to the blue        through then see the
                                                  back ground.             article, be drawn towards it.




      Large sub heading, helps
     audience gain a knowledge
     on what the article is about
          with a few lines.
Q2   •Repetitive colour scheme, blue, black and yellow
     •Multi-gender colours, appeals to both, male and female
     •Yellow contrasts and makes certain features stand out amongst the blue and black
Q3                                                                                                              Q1


                            I went on the website, UK tribes to find a
                          specific social group to aim my magazine at.




     I found that overall my main social group was “indie scenesters” this then linked in with other groups I
                                  could possibly look as a secondary audience.

                            Follow the link below to view a video on this social group
     http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KmzXVytXoqo&feature=player_embedded
Q3



        STRAP

      BUTTON ON
      NEW ALBUM
      MASTHEAD


     SIMILAR LAYOUT



        FEATURES

       ANCHOR
Q3



        STRAP

        BUTTON

      MASTHEAD




     FEATURES IN A
     SEPERATE BOX
       ANCHOR

        STRAP
Q3



       STRAP

      BUTTON

     MASTHEAD



     FREE STUFF


     FEATURES

      ANCHOR
Q3



     I conducted an
   audience research
questionnaire to find
out about some of my
 potential audience. I
  wanted to see what
   they were already
  interested in and to
 find out what I could
 do to win them over
    to my magazine.




                            THE RESULTS I GOT FROM MY AUDIENCE
                          QUESTIONAIRE HELPED ME TO DECIDE WHAT
                          PRICE RANGE I WOULD PUT MY MAGAZINE AT
                         AND FIND OUT IF MY MASTHEAD GAVE OFF THE
                                   IMAGE I WANTED IT TO.
Q2
Q3




The same person can be REPRESENTED in different ways to convey different images. Taylor
Momsen above is represented all sweet in the left hand image then in a totally different in the right.


For my magazine, my COVER STAR has been represented to suit my GENRE of INDIE-ROCK. If the
image of my cover star didn't meet my GENRE then it wouldn't work and my magazine wouldn't sell.
Q2


   Here is an example that has been done to meet the conventions of a similar magazine to mine.




Lily Allen has been REPRESENTED in the left hand image in a totally different way to the right. In the
left Lily Allen is singing at a Chanel campaign, she is wearing thousands pounds of clothes, this is the
time of image that would be in magazines such as VOGUE, etc. People of a higher class and with
more money. On the other hand, Lily Allen on the right shows her looking all „wasted‟ and „scruffy‟ this
would APPEAL to teenagers who were interested in this kind of look, this would be a feature in
magazine such as NME, KERRANG. Both are FILTERING Lily Allen to appeal to there audience.
Q2
Q3



     MY STAR REPRESENTS MY IDEAL READER AS SHE
     FITS WITH EVERYTHING MY IDEAL READER IS
     INTERESTED IN...

     MY IDEAL READER IS...
     •Primarily female
     •Listens to Indie-rock
     •Aged between 15-19
     •Goes to gigs and festivals such as, Leeds, V festival etc.
     •White British

         THE CLOTHES MY COVER STAR WERES
      REPRESENTS “INDIE-ROCK”, THE GENRE OF THE
                     MAGAZINE.
Q2
Q3




       Some of the readers of my magazine will
        ASPIRE to be like the cover stars who
     feature on my magazine. The cover stars are
        portrayed to look a certain way so the
           audience aspire to be like them.
Q4




     I wanted to erase the background of the image so the background of
      the magazine was white, I wanted to do this so it wasn't specifically
                              aimed at females.


                                                                              How I did this:
Q4




1. Open adobe Photoshop.




                                4. Press the “delete” button
                                                                5. Repeat this for all the
                                     on your keyboard.
2. Click on the “magic wand”                                   different sections until the
                                                                background has erased.




3. Click on the section to be                                     6. I then went on to save the picture as a “GIF” format
           erased.
Q4




      •I learnt a lot about shot types and how to
     frame a mid shot so that it worked to meet
                    the conventions.

       •When taking my photos for my cover
      star, I soon learned to realise you could
      use grid lines on your camera to make
      sure that the cover star is directly on the
     top third line of the magazine to draw the
                     audience in.

     •I also learnt that using a forced flash was
        very sharp and gave the cover star red
                eye. Depending on the
      circumstances, setting etc. it was better to
        use a suppressed flash to give a less
     sharp image however it still look bright and
                     professional.
Q4

  To begin with my magazine cover started off just blue and black, it didn't look professional and didn't really
   stand out. When I was looking through existing magazines I noticed that there is always more than two
 colours. I then decided to add some yellow into the magazine cover so it looked professional and would stand
                                  out amongst other magazines in the shop.
Q4


   Again I made the same mistake I had earlier when creating my Aquinas magazine, I put all of the text into one
text box, including speech marks, this made it distorted. Also because I wanted the word “saved” in a larger font
 it made a gap between all of the words. This looked unprofessional so to overcome this I decided to change it
                                 into separate text boxes to make it professional.
Q5             When creating my magazine I was inspired by various other magazine such as NME and Kerrang, I
                  looked a various issues of there's and tried to use similar features I thought were effective.

     Strap, one of the first things the
      reader reads, common feature.                                                      Buttons are also a common
                                                                                     convention which is used a lot on the
                                                                                     cover of NME, I think it looks effective
                                                                                        as it stands out to the reader.



     The use of the black background
      splits up the features in the blue
     box, I think it makes each feature                                                 Common elements which are on
        clearly defined and attracts                                                   every magazine, the date so you
        attention to that side of the                                                    know what month issue it is, the
                  magazine.                                                           website to reinforce the brand identity
                                                                                        and also the issue number so the
                                                                                      audience know how many have been
                                                                                                      made.




    This is common on many NME
 covers, it is a way to introduce what
  bands will be mentioned within the
 magazine. I think it works well as it
   makes the target audience very
              recognisable.
Q5
             Most magazine cover‟s use around 3-4 colours on there cover to make certain features stand out.




     Yellow, Black and Red       Yellow, White and Pink      Yellow, White and Purple              Yellow, White and blue




                                                          Therefore this is the reason for my
                                                           changed to my cover that I have
                                                           another colour to help draw out
                                                          things that will bring the audience to
                                                           buy my magazine.
IPC media is a company which would distribute my magazine.
Q6




  You can search by brands to see what other magazines
 the company distribute within the music sector.
Q6




      The two magazines which are distributed in the industry my magazine is in are NME
     and UNCUT, these two magazines do not have the same TARGET AUDIENCE as my
               magazine therefore leaves a gap in the market for my magazine.
Q6




     REVERB
     Bringing the best of indie-rock
     news to you!


            £2.50



     http://www.reverb.com
Q6

When it came to the subscription of my magazine, I would make sure that I made a deal for
under 18’s as this is largely my target audience. Below is a subscription for NME:




This is to high prices than I would like to charge for my magazine as the audiences of NME
would be in full time employment whereas my audience will largely still be in education
therefore wont be able to afford these prices.
Q6


In order for my magazine to sell well it will need to be well ADVERTISED, this means that I
would have to get a well known name for my magazine so that people who were interested
          could purchase my magazine, leading on to it doing well in the industry.

I could advertise my magazine in other similar magazines such as KERRANG and NME, as
   they have the same genre. Also younger age magazines as they would have some of
  Reverbs potential readers reading them. This cold be a simple advert, or a small pull out
version to draw the audience in. (this could only happen if the magazines would allow this
                                    advertising in them)

  After the magazine was more popular, I could then move on to advertise it on a larger
 scale, on TV adverts on music channels as they would be interested in the magazine or
                                  also radio stations.
Button isn't
                   full, wastes
                  space doesn't
                        look
                  professional.

                  Not enough
                features, doesn't
                   look like a
                  professional
                   magazine.
Exclusive
should be
                   Only two
in the top
                colours on the
  third to
                magazine, does
   grab
                   n't make
  buyers
                   anything
attention.
                  standout.

                  Again, the
                 button isn't
                 full, wastes
                space doesn't
                      look

Photo been
                professional.       Overall I learnt:
                                    •The masthead must stand out amongst other magazines
edited, looks
                                    •The use of colour makes certain features stand out
  a little to
                                    • Buttons must be near the top as the audience read them first and must
  orange.
                                    be full of information with no gaps to make it stand out
                                    • Cover star must central or to one side of the magazine so features
                   Only two         around are clear, also cover stars eye line must be on the line of the top
                colours on the      third to draw the buyer in
                magazine, does
                   n't make
                   anything
                  standout.
No
                                            reinforcement
                                               of brand
                                               identity.
  To much
information
 on the sub
 headings.


No dividers
   in the
contents so                                  Quote isn't
 can't fast                                anchored to the
 track to a                                    picture
  specific
  section.




                 No captions with the
              pictures, don't know what
                                                             Overall I learnt:
                there trying to tell the                     • All pictures must be anchored
                      audience.                              •Page numbers must stand out amongst other text
                                                             •Headings must stand out more than the sub headings
                                                             •Heading and sub headings shouldn't be to long and should draw the
                                                             audience in to read that article.
                                                             •Contents can have dividers to help the audience find a section quickly.
No tab to help the
                                        audience find the article
                                               quickly.



                                          No caption anchored to
                                               the images

                                            Overall layout is to
                                           simple and childish.

Stand first
 doesn't
stand out                                  By line doesn't stand out.
  much.


              Blank pace there for no
                      reason



                                        Overall I learnt:
                                        •Columns are essential so that the reader knows which way to read the article
                                        •Drop caps help the reader to know where the start of the article is
                                        •Tabs help the reader to find where the article is in the magazine
                                        •Stand out quotes grab the audiences attention and interest them in the article
                                        •All pictures must have a caption
                                        •Brand identity must be reinforces somewhere on the page
                                        •Pictures must be framed well to help convey a certain image.

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Reverb magazine Grade A powerpoint

  • 2. Preliminary exercise: using DTP and an image manipulation program, produce the front page of a new school/college magazine, featuring a photograph of a student in medium close-up plus some appropriately laid out text and a masthead. Additionally candidates must produce a DTP mock-up of the layout of the contents page to demonstrate their grasp of the program. Main task: the front page, contents and double page spread f a new music magazine (is done as a group task, each member of the group to produce an individual edition of the magazine, following the same house style). Maximum four members to a group.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Q5 A MAGAZINE MUST HAVE: STRAP Contain more information to appeal to audience, i.e. Prizes, competitions, interesting BUTTON Adds more information, often again storeys. Top of the page, first thing the can include prizes, competitions etc. reader looks at. MASTHEAD The masthead must be in the top third of the magazine and the largest text on EYE CONTACT the page to stand out and draw Draws the audience in to buy the audience in. magazine, interacts with the audience. FEATURES More features on the cover to again appeal to the audience but not take the ANCHORING attention off the cover story. Used so the buyer knows exactly who the cover star is and what they are saying, in case it isn't recognisable. COLOUR SCHEME RULE OF THIRDS Feature so you know where common Colour scheme on every elements go on a magazine, i.e. magazine, links into the lead story. Masthead being dedicated to top third Makes the magazine look professional as its the first thing the audience look and makes certain parts stand out at. more than others. BARCODE Every magazine has one to make it able to sell in shops.
  • 8. Q5 A MAGAZINE MUST HAVE: BRANDING V festival, a recognisable company that all NME readers will be aware of. They will be interested in the festival as they like the music the festival has on offer. GENRE Genre is reinforced through the other features on the magazine cover, clear target audience. Cover star’s clothes and facial expressions again emphasize the genre. BRANDING Reinforcement of the brand. NME has many platforms, you can access the bran through, print, online, gigs, tickets and the phone. Wide variety to get through to the company. Therefore a large company with lots to offer its target audience.
  • 9.
  • 10. DATE Common feature MASTHEAD BUTTON Masthead at the top of the Unique selling point, makes the magazine so that it stands out audience attracted to this and catches the audiences magazine attention LOGO “s” in different font to stand out, make the magazine COLOUR SCHEME Consistent, makes the magazine recognisable. look professional and creates a brand identity. ANCHOR Quote and name anchoring the cover star so the audience know who she is and the quote is relevant to her STRAP UNIQUE SELLING POINT Unique selling point, draws the The word exclusive attracts audience in. audience. BARCODE Necessary for sale, all magazines have one
  • 11. Q7 BUTTON I would use textboxes within the button to fill the space so it didn’t look unprofessional. FEATURES RED EYE I would shift the image slightly I would use an editing website more over to the right so I or adobe photo shop to remove could then add more features the red eye in the cover star. down the left hand side. This would attract an audience to my magazine because they could then feel that there money was spent worth wile on articles they were interested in and not just one article then other stuff that was uninteresting. PRICE I would add the price onto the magazine so the buyer new how much it cost.
  • 12. My target audience will be FEMALES aged around 13-17. They will be interested in FASHION and learning about different trends through the different SEASONS. They will be open to advice and take an interest in real life stories. My audience will finally be into a wide VARIETY of music and be outgoing.
  • 13. Q5 DATE MASTHEAD Reinforces the name of magazine, creates brand identity. FEATURES EDITORIAL Adds more information about what the Adds some information about the articles include, tries to bring in the inspiration the editor got when audience. creating the magazine, interested in what the reader is interested in. UNIQUE SELLING POINT Draws the audiences attention, different PAGE colour, makes them want to NUMBERS go to that page Anchoring the pictures so the audience know where to go for what page they have taken interest for CAPTION Gives more of an explanation for the photo which it is anchoring.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. I conducted a questionnaire to find out what the students of Aquinas where interested in. I collated all of my research and put all of my results in graphs to make it more clear, here is 4 examples: Where do you shop? After Aquinas 14 kendal's 3 12 4 Zara 5 10 3 8 River Island 6 5 6 TopShop/TopMan 18 4 7 2 Primark 2 0 0 5 10 15 20 Uni Travel/Gap year Dont Know How do you get to college? Places to eat out Moped 1 20 Drive 1 15 Train 1 10 Lift 2 5 Walk 1 0 Bus 15 0 5 10 15 20
  • 18. From the research discovered here I created an Aquinas reader profile to suit the majority results.
  • 19. Play football Like brands such as; Hollister, Addidas, Vans Members of Aquinas college Interested in things going on Want to go onto further around college, e.g. Trips AQUINAS MAGAZINE education after college AUDIENCE BREAKDOWN Both female and male People who go on social Read other magazines networking sites
  • 20. No eye contact, doesn‟t Slightly squinted To much space at the top of the draw the reader in. Also eyes, doesn‟t draw photo, doesn‟t look has red eye. reader in. professional. Also has red eye.
  • 21. STRAP Attracts audience to buy magazine. MASTHEAD Doesn't need to stand out, no competitors however meets conventions and creates branding. BUTTON Attracts audience to buy LOGO magazine. Brand identity, fits in with the college logo and colour scheme. EYE CONTACT Draws the buyer in. ANCHOR Shows buyer who is on the cover of the magazine. FEATURES Shows buyer what other STRAP information will be included. Unique selling point, attracts the audience into the magazine COLOUR SCHEME Consistent throughout the cover DATE and contents, a mixed genre colour. BARCODE Necessary for sale
  • 22. ANCHORING •The importance to anchor the name of the cover star and quote •Making it clear to the buyer EYE CONTACT •Draws the audience in to the magazine making them want to buy it. RULE OF THIRDS •Where different conventions go on magazine •Top always being dedicated to masthead
  • 23. BRANDING DATE Reinforces the brand, makes it recognisable RELEVENCE TO COVER Fast way for audience to go PAGE NUMBERS straight to a page which they were Page numbers stand out to make drawn in by it easy for the reader to find which page is which PAGE NUMBERS Quick way for audience to navigate through magazine COLUMN Neat way to lay out each different page within magazine QUOTE Gives an insight to article of which SUBHEADINGS is anchoring. Persuasive for Gives slightly more information buyer to read. about each article. COLOUR SCHEME Consistent, links to cover and brand identity, logo etc.
  • 24. BEFORE AFTER SUB TITLES •Adding subtitles to makes the contents look professional •Gives the audience more information about each article to draw them into it.
  • 25. Please follow the link below to see what I changed within my Aquinas magazine and why. http://prezi.com/qyywlcop4ewn/media/
  • 26. Q5 DROP CAP STAND FIRST Tells the reader a Tells the reader little about the where to start article to persuade reading them to read it all. INTERGRATED HEADING QUOTE Tells the Draws attention to audience what a specific part of the article is the article which will about. attract attention towards. PICTURES Tell the audience a little more about the band and what they get up to. CAPTIONS Relates to the pictures, again to give more information to the reader. USE OF COLOUR COLUMNS Contrast of colour between the Keep the story line in neat order heading and picture. Makes so the reader can follow the article heading stand out. through without getting mixed up.
  • 27.
  • 28. Not of all band members, also not much eye contact with the reader. Unclear image, can't see all of the band members easy Not of band members, just other people in the video, doesn't relate to article. No eye contact with three of the band members, could get a better shot.
  • 29. Heading/Name of the band Shot images off the music Unique selling point video Caption Drop cap Stand first Quotes Grey box to add more Reinforce brand identity information
  • 30. OVERALL LAYOUT Change the overall layout so it is more professional, looks like it TAB would be in a younger magazine Add a tab so that the due to layout. audience can easily find the page when they are flicking through the magazine. STAND FIRST Doesn‟t stand out and grab the audiences attention, just fits in with the rest of the text. I would make it bold or have it in a different coloured box. BLANK SPACE Add more information in the grey box so it wasn‟t leaving room at the end of the page.
  • 31.
  • 32. IN THE INDUSTRY AT THE MOMENT, THERE ISNT REALLY A PRODUCT WHICH IS AVAILABLE FOR MY TARGET AUDIENCE… HERE ALL THE CLOSEST TWO: NME is aimed more at BOYS than KERRANG is aimed more GIRLS and also to a slightly OLDER towards ROCK rather than generation. INDIE.
  • 33. I believe there is a GAP IN THE MARKET for MY TARGET AUDIENCE as there is no other which targets the SAME group. I think if my magazine was out there it would SELL WELL and be popular to its audience.
  • 34. LINK TO SPIDER DIAGRAM
  • 35.
  • 36. I thought of different names for my masthead before coming up with a final choice:
  • 37. •I chose to pick a font of a free website, www.urbanfonts.com •I chose to minimize the fonts so a “distorted” one so it matched my genre •I then chose this font because I think it connotates my genre well •I then decided to overlap the font three times to make it look 3D. I thought this made reinforced the title of the magazine.
  • 38. I liked the blue because I thought it worked well with me genre, I wanted something different and therefore I thought it would be suitable for my magazine. I liked the purple as I thought it was different, it wasn‟t to bright yet stood out amongst other mastheads. I chose the blue as I thought it could become a more recognisable brand identity. Didn‟t like the pink as I thought it was to girlie and didn‟t really match with my genre, I think it also looks unprofessional and would be hard to keep it consistent. I thought the green was a little to bright, it didn‟t really stand out and catch the audiences attention, maybe a more deeper green could of worked.
  • 39. I then decided to layer my masthead as I thought it looked more effective and also went with the name of the magazine as REVERB is often linked with ECHO, therefore the masthead looking quite 3D worked well.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42. Long shot, not Cover star isn't making full Cover star looking directly Long shot, not suitable for main eye contact, doesn‟t draw the into camera, mid shot. suitable for magazine photo on buyer in to buy the magazine. cover. magazine cover.
  • 43. •Only two colours, makes nothing stand out and grab readers attention •No information on cover star •The word is “insight” repeated twice, doesn‟t make sense •Reverbs' top 10 what? Isn't clear to the audience.
  • 44. •Much more good use of colour, yellow makes things stand out. •A more suitable name for cover star to suit genre. •Change of some features •Unique selling point with “free giveaways” •Price and barcode not on front, looked to cramped. •Replacement of “insight”
  • 45. STRAP UNIQUE SELLING POINT Q2 BUTTON MASTHEAD REPETATIVE FEATURE ANCHOR FEATURES QUOTE STRAP
  • 46.
  • 47. Plain, doesn‟t represent anything. Not much going on to represent festival. Can see the conservatory in Cover star Good use of the doesn‟t have a background, background, mak powerful strong es photo look expression, also pose, quirky unprofessional. looks tired. image. Both photo‟s have a good use of crowds.
  • 48. •Didn‟t like the top of the contents page, looks unprofessional •There are to many divided sections and there wont be enough room for all of the different pages.
  • 49. •Good use of different colours •Enough information going on to look like a real contents page in a magazine today •Anchors to indicate clearly what is on what page
  • 50. BRAND DATE/ISSUE NO. IDENTITY COLUMNS ANCHOR DIVIDED SECTIONS CONSISTANT STYLE STAND OUT NUMBERS EDITORIAL BRAND IDENTITY REINFORCEMENT
  • 51.
  • 52. Edited badly, can still see pink background. Writing unclear Head tilted a little on finger, red eye to much again and also not a red eye and also clearly identified not a clearly genre. identified genre. Good photo, draws audience in, clear genre, fits with magazine colour scheme.
  • 53. •Standard layout •Plain colours •Empty spaces •Not good use of photos •Looks childish
  • 54. •More common professional layout •Better use of colours, more standing out •Better use of space •Looks overall more professional.
  • 55. DROP CAP QUOTE STAND FIRST TAB HEADING COLUMNS COVER STAR CAPTION CAPTION BRAND BY LINE IDENTITY GREY BOX
  • 56.
  • 57. Q1 Q3 Has previously bought “NME” or “Mojo” Lives in Manchester White British Goes to gigs and festivals such as; Leeds, V festival etc. I AIMED MY MAGAZINE AT... Primarily female Secondary their little sisters Aged between 15-25 Listens to artists such as “Lady Hawke” Indie/Rock “Paramore” “Lily Allen”
  • 58. Q1
  • 59. Q1 I think my magazine is similar to “NME.” There is one minor difference between the two magazines, NME targets both male and female however primarily male, consequently REVERB primarily targets females although aims for both genders.
  • 60. Q1 Q5 Interested in festivals Similar layout overall Focuses more on different gender artists All contain one lead story Album information Artists to suit genre
  • 61.
  • 62. STRAP UNIQUE SELLING POINT Q2 BUTTON MASTHEAD REPETITIVE FEATURE ANCHOR FEATURES QUOTE STRAP
  • 63. Q2 Gender: My magazine is aimed primarily at females but also at males who are into the same kind of music and facts. The cover star is female however isn't portraying a stereotypical female look. Age: The target audience is around 14-20, within the cover stars age range so the audience can then relate to the issues within the magazine. Genre: The genre is “indie/rock” this is portrayed through the cover stars expression and pose, also the names of the artists and the promotion of other band at the bottom of the magazine.
  • 64. Q2 “First Look!” draws the In the strap, first thing the audience in because no buyer reads, “FREE” other magazine has it to persuades the audience to offer. Top of the buy it. magazine, eye catching towards the audience. Stands out amongst competitors, Overlapped three times Button right near the to make it look 3D and connotative masthead, audience the name of the magazine. will read it, contrast of colours, eye catching. Repetition of a feature within the magazine.
  • 65. Q2 •The use of yellow stands out and attracts the audience towards the magazine •Yellow totally opposite colour than the blue and black, eye catching! •Other artists on the cover of the magazine shows that the magazine has to offer other information on artists the target audience will be interested in. •Both storylines stand out and attract the audience to read them because of the contrast of colours.
  • 66. Q2 “Exclusive” with a black background noticeable as no Large image taking up the other pages have this. majority of the page, first thing the audience looks at and reads about. Dividers within the contents page, shows the audience which section to look at to find the article they want, don't have to go through the whole of the contents page. COLOUR: -Consistent house style with cover to create a BRAND IDENTITY -Yellow to help make certain features stand out amongst others
  • 67. Q2 Heading at the top of the page, stands out, audience Stand first starts the reader Tab draws audience in immediately know who the reading, attracts audience to because they can be flicking article is about start reading due to the blue through then see the back ground. article, be drawn towards it. Large sub heading, helps audience gain a knowledge on what the article is about with a few lines.
  • 68. Q2 •Repetitive colour scheme, blue, black and yellow •Multi-gender colours, appeals to both, male and female •Yellow contrasts and makes certain features stand out amongst the blue and black
  • 69.
  • 70. Q3 Q1 I went on the website, UK tribes to find a specific social group to aim my magazine at. I found that overall my main social group was “indie scenesters” this then linked in with other groups I could possibly look as a secondary audience. Follow the link below to view a video on this social group http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KmzXVytXoqo&feature=player_embedded
  • 71. Q3 STRAP BUTTON ON NEW ALBUM MASTHEAD SIMILAR LAYOUT FEATURES ANCHOR
  • 72. Q3 STRAP BUTTON MASTHEAD FEATURES IN A SEPERATE BOX ANCHOR STRAP
  • 73. Q3 STRAP BUTTON MASTHEAD FREE STUFF FEATURES ANCHOR
  • 74. Q3 I conducted an audience research questionnaire to find out about some of my potential audience. I wanted to see what they were already interested in and to find out what I could do to win them over to my magazine. THE RESULTS I GOT FROM MY AUDIENCE QUESTIONAIRE HELPED ME TO DECIDE WHAT PRICE RANGE I WOULD PUT MY MAGAZINE AT AND FIND OUT IF MY MASTHEAD GAVE OFF THE IMAGE I WANTED IT TO.
  • 75. Q2 Q3 The same person can be REPRESENTED in different ways to convey different images. Taylor Momsen above is represented all sweet in the left hand image then in a totally different in the right. For my magazine, my COVER STAR has been represented to suit my GENRE of INDIE-ROCK. If the image of my cover star didn't meet my GENRE then it wouldn't work and my magazine wouldn't sell.
  • 76. Q2 Here is an example that has been done to meet the conventions of a similar magazine to mine. Lily Allen has been REPRESENTED in the left hand image in a totally different way to the right. In the left Lily Allen is singing at a Chanel campaign, she is wearing thousands pounds of clothes, this is the time of image that would be in magazines such as VOGUE, etc. People of a higher class and with more money. On the other hand, Lily Allen on the right shows her looking all „wasted‟ and „scruffy‟ this would APPEAL to teenagers who were interested in this kind of look, this would be a feature in magazine such as NME, KERRANG. Both are FILTERING Lily Allen to appeal to there audience.
  • 77. Q2 Q3 MY STAR REPRESENTS MY IDEAL READER AS SHE FITS WITH EVERYTHING MY IDEAL READER IS INTERESTED IN... MY IDEAL READER IS... •Primarily female •Listens to Indie-rock •Aged between 15-19 •Goes to gigs and festivals such as, Leeds, V festival etc. •White British THE CLOTHES MY COVER STAR WERES REPRESENTS “INDIE-ROCK”, THE GENRE OF THE MAGAZINE.
  • 78. Q2 Q3 Some of the readers of my magazine will ASPIRE to be like the cover stars who feature on my magazine. The cover stars are portrayed to look a certain way so the audience aspire to be like them.
  • 79.
  • 80. Q4 I wanted to erase the background of the image so the background of the magazine was white, I wanted to do this so it wasn't specifically aimed at females. How I did this:
  • 81. Q4 1. Open adobe Photoshop. 4. Press the “delete” button 5. Repeat this for all the on your keyboard. 2. Click on the “magic wand” different sections until the background has erased. 3. Click on the section to be 6. I then went on to save the picture as a “GIF” format erased.
  • 82. Q4 •I learnt a lot about shot types and how to frame a mid shot so that it worked to meet the conventions. •When taking my photos for my cover star, I soon learned to realise you could use grid lines on your camera to make sure that the cover star is directly on the top third line of the magazine to draw the audience in. •I also learnt that using a forced flash was very sharp and gave the cover star red eye. Depending on the circumstances, setting etc. it was better to use a suppressed flash to give a less sharp image however it still look bright and professional.
  • 83. Q4 To begin with my magazine cover started off just blue and black, it didn't look professional and didn't really stand out. When I was looking through existing magazines I noticed that there is always more than two colours. I then decided to add some yellow into the magazine cover so it looked professional and would stand out amongst other magazines in the shop.
  • 84. Q4 Again I made the same mistake I had earlier when creating my Aquinas magazine, I put all of the text into one text box, including speech marks, this made it distorted. Also because I wanted the word “saved” in a larger font it made a gap between all of the words. This looked unprofessional so to overcome this I decided to change it into separate text boxes to make it professional.
  • 85.
  • 86. Q5 When creating my magazine I was inspired by various other magazine such as NME and Kerrang, I looked a various issues of there's and tried to use similar features I thought were effective. Strap, one of the first things the reader reads, common feature. Buttons are also a common convention which is used a lot on the cover of NME, I think it looks effective as it stands out to the reader. The use of the black background splits up the features in the blue box, I think it makes each feature Common elements which are on clearly defined and attracts every magazine, the date so you attention to that side of the know what month issue it is, the magazine. website to reinforce the brand identity and also the issue number so the audience know how many have been made. This is common on many NME covers, it is a way to introduce what bands will be mentioned within the magazine. I think it works well as it makes the target audience very recognisable.
  • 87. Q5 Most magazine cover‟s use around 3-4 colours on there cover to make certain features stand out. Yellow, Black and Red Yellow, White and Pink Yellow, White and Purple Yellow, White and blue Therefore this is the reason for my changed to my cover that I have another colour to help draw out things that will bring the audience to buy my magazine.
  • 88.
  • 89. IPC media is a company which would distribute my magazine. Q6 You can search by brands to see what other magazines the company distribute within the music sector.
  • 90. Q6 The two magazines which are distributed in the industry my magazine is in are NME and UNCUT, these two magazines do not have the same TARGET AUDIENCE as my magazine therefore leaves a gap in the market for my magazine.
  • 91. Q6 REVERB Bringing the best of indie-rock news to you! £2.50 http://www.reverb.com
  • 92. Q6 When it came to the subscription of my magazine, I would make sure that I made a deal for under 18’s as this is largely my target audience. Below is a subscription for NME: This is to high prices than I would like to charge for my magazine as the audiences of NME would be in full time employment whereas my audience will largely still be in education therefore wont be able to afford these prices.
  • 93. Q6 In order for my magazine to sell well it will need to be well ADVERTISED, this means that I would have to get a well known name for my magazine so that people who were interested could purchase my magazine, leading on to it doing well in the industry. I could advertise my magazine in other similar magazines such as KERRANG and NME, as they have the same genre. Also younger age magazines as they would have some of Reverbs potential readers reading them. This cold be a simple advert, or a small pull out version to draw the audience in. (this could only happen if the magazines would allow this advertising in them) After the magazine was more popular, I could then move on to advertise it on a larger scale, on TV adverts on music channels as they would be interested in the magazine or also radio stations.
  • 94.
  • 95.
  • 96. Button isn't full, wastes space doesn't look professional. Not enough features, doesn't look like a professional magazine. Exclusive should be Only two in the top colours on the third to magazine, does grab n't make buyers anything attention. standout. Again, the button isn't full, wastes space doesn't look Photo been professional. Overall I learnt: •The masthead must stand out amongst other magazines edited, looks •The use of colour makes certain features stand out a little to • Buttons must be near the top as the audience read them first and must orange. be full of information with no gaps to make it stand out • Cover star must central or to one side of the magazine so features Only two around are clear, also cover stars eye line must be on the line of the top colours on the third to draw the buyer in magazine, does n't make anything standout.
  • 97. No reinforcement of brand identity. To much information on the sub headings. No dividers in the contents so Quote isn't can't fast anchored to the track to a picture specific section. No captions with the pictures, don't know what Overall I learnt: there trying to tell the • All pictures must be anchored audience. •Page numbers must stand out amongst other text •Headings must stand out more than the sub headings •Heading and sub headings shouldn't be to long and should draw the audience in to read that article. •Contents can have dividers to help the audience find a section quickly.
  • 98. No tab to help the audience find the article quickly. No caption anchored to the images Overall layout is to simple and childish. Stand first doesn't stand out By line doesn't stand out. much. Blank pace there for no reason Overall I learnt: •Columns are essential so that the reader knows which way to read the article •Drop caps help the reader to know where the start of the article is •Tabs help the reader to find where the article is in the magazine •Stand out quotes grab the audiences attention and interest them in the article •All pictures must have a caption •Brand identity must be reinforces somewhere on the page •Pictures must be framed well to help convey a certain image.