This SQL query selects student ID, name, gender, grade, grade letter, instructor name, course name, and pass/fail status from four tables - students, instructors, courses, and grades - by joining them on common ID fields and calculates the grade letter and pass/fail status from the grade value.

1. SELECT mahasiswa.nim,
mahasiswa.nama as Nama_Mhs,
case mahasiswa.jk when 'L' then 'Laki-Laki' else 'Wanita' end as jk_mhs,
nilai.nilai,
case when nilai.nilai >=85 then 'A'
when nilai.nilai >=70 then 'B'
when nilai.nilai >=60 then 'C'
when nilai.nilai <50 then 'D'
else 'E' end as abjad,
dosen.nama as nama_dosen,
mtk.nama as nama_matkul,
case when nilai.nilai >60 then 'L' else 'TL' end as status
from mahasiswa, dosen, mtk, nilai
where mahasiswa.nim=nilai.nim and
dosen.kd_dosen=nilai.kd_dosen and
mtk.kd_mtk=nilai.kd_mtk;