patent ductus arteriosus - Patent ductus arteriosus, or PDA, is a heart condition that is normal but reverses soon after birth. In a persistent PDA, there is an irregular transmission of blood between two of the most important arteries in close proximity to the heart, the aorta and the pulmonary artery Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a medical condition primarily seen in premature infants , [1] where portions of the bowel undergo necrosis (tissue death).
, many of the physiologic and pharmacologic principles discussed above also apply to term infants.
The UDP-glucuronyl transferase enzyme system of infants, especially premature infants, is immature and incapable of metabolizing the excessive drug load. Insufficient renal excretion of the unconjugated drug.
1.Most pathways of drug clearance (hepatic and renal) are mature, with clearance often exceeding adult values. Changes in clearance of a drug may be dependent on maturation of specific metabolic pathways.
CYP1A2
The total volume of blood is estimated at 80 to 90 ml/kg body weight; 3% is 2.4 ml blood per kg body weight.
Dose calculation errors occur in measuring height n weight