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Architectural planning and design of buildings pune university se civil bscoer jspm group dr. banhatti
1. By
DR. ANIRUDDHA G. BANHATTI
Associate Professor
T.S.S.M.’s
Bhivrabai Sawant College of Engineering and Research
VIDEO CONFERENCE
on
Architectural Planning and Design
of Buildings
for
S.E. Civil
5th March 2014
1
2. Civil Engineering
It is the oldest branch of Engineering
It came into existence since humans
started living in caves.
The first invention in civil engineering
was something with which one can
see through a wall.
It is called “ a window ”
2
3. Planning of Buildings
There are 14 principles of planning as
listed below:
Aspect
Prospect
Orientation
Privacy
Circulation
Grouping
Roominess
3
4. Principles of Planning
Furniture Requirements
Sanitation
Elegance
Economy
Access
Architectural composition
Climate and its Effect
4
8. Privacy
External :
Isolation from surrounding buildings
Avoiding noise, dust and pollution
from surroundings
Raised sill height of w.c. and bath
Compound wall
Growing trees around the house
8
9. Privacy
Internal :
Prevention of direct view of one room
from another
Staggering of doors
Use of screens
Proper furniture arrangement
9
12. Grouping
Rooms of similar function together
More important in Public Buildings
Staircase or lift approachable from
each room
Kitchen w.c. and bath grouped for
easy plumbing and watersupply
12
27. Climate and Its Effect
Window openings
Type of roof
Sunbreakers and chajjas
External finish, paint and color
27
28. Noise and Acoustics
Qualities of sound
Noise
Comfort level of noise
Intensity and Loudness
Frequency or Pitch
Timbre or Quality
28
29. Measurement of Sound
L = K log I1 / I0
Measured in decibels (dB)
If L = 1 dB then I1 / I0 = 1.26
Difference in intensities 100 times
Loudness 20dB
Difference in intensities 1000 times
Loudness 30dB
Thus the scale of loudness is built
29
30. Sound Insulation
For avoiding indoor and outdoor noise
Wall insulation
Floor insulation
Cavity walls
Floating floors
Use of sound absorbing materials
Linoleum, Cork, Carpets etc.
30
32. Acoustical Defects
Echoes
Reverberation
Sound foci
Dead spots
Insufficient loudness
Intrusion of noise from outside
32
33. Reverberation time
Calculated by Sabine’s formula
Excellent : 0.5 to 1.5 sec
Good : 1.5 to 2 sec
Fairly good : 2 to 3 sec
Bad : 3 to 5 sec
Very bad Above 5 sec
33
41. Building Bye-laws
Definitions
Floor Area Ratio
= Total area on all floors / Plot area
Areas Excluded : projections < 0.75m
Canopies 5x2.5m in cantilever fashion
Balconies with certain specifications
Parking lock up garages or stilt floor
parking
41
42. Excluded areas from FAR
Electric cabin / sub station,
watchman’s cabin of max 1.6 sq.m.
pump house, garage shaft, fire
hydrants, electrical fittings, water
tanks
Staircase room, lift room above top
floor, architectural features, chimneys
Well, plant nursery, water pool,
uncovered swimming pool. Platform
round atree, fountain, bench, ramps,
compound wall, overhead tank
42
75. Staircase width for public
building is
1.6 to 1.9m
1 to 1.5m
1.2 to 1.5m
None of the above
75
76. Staircase width for public
building is
1.8 to 2m
1 to 1.5m
1.2 to 1.5m
None of the above
76
77. Winders should be
Avoided on staircase
Provided on pipes
Provided at corners
Provided for curved roof gutters
77
78. Winders should be
Avoided on staircase
Provided on pipes
Provided at corners
Provided for curved roof gutters
78
79. Two point perspective is similar
to
A photograph
Isometric view
Axonometric view
None of the above
79
80. Two point perspective is similar
to
A photograph
Isometric view
Axonometric view
None of the above
80
81. Tunel effect is due to
Lack of ventilation
Too much length of a room
Defect in vision
None of the above
81
82. Tunel effect is due to
Lack of ventilation
Too much length of a room
Defect in vision
None of the above
82
83. Chimney effect relates to
A factory building
Roominess
Insufficient ventilation
None of the above
83
84. Chimney effect relates to
A factory building
Roominess
Insufficient ventilation
None of the above
84
85. North on a drawing is shown
for
Feng shui considerations
Good vastu
Plane table alignment
Correct orientation during line out
85
86. North on a drawing is shown
for
Feng shui considerations
Good vastu
Plane table alignment
Correct orientation during line out
86
87. Theatre olan should be
Circular
Fern shaped
Rectangular
None of these
87
88. Theatre olan should be
Circular
Fern shaped
Rectangular
None of these
88
89. Surfaces near sound source in a
theatre should be
Rough and absorbent
Clad with cork
Having grooves
Smooth, hard and polished
89
90. Surfaces near sound source in a
theatre should be
Rough and absorbent
Clad with cork
Having grooves
Smooth, hard and polished
90
91. To increase sound absorption
Windows should be open
Heavy curtains should be provided
Walls should be smooth
None of the above
91
92. To increase sound absorption
Windows should be open
Heavy curtains should be provided
Walls should be smooth
None of the above
92
93. Perforated boards covering
walls
Increase sound absorption
Provide scattered light
Increase echoes
Make interference in sound
93
94. Perforated boards covering
walls
Increase sound absorption
Provide scattered light
Increase echoes
Make interference in sound
94
95. Riser in stairs shall be
150 to 300 mm
200 to 300 mm
300 to 450 mm
None of the above
95
96. Riser in stairs shall be
150 to 300 mm
200 to 300 mm
300 to 450 mm
None of the above
96
97. In public building riser is
> in residential building
Twice high than in residential building
Equal to tread
< in residential building
97
98. In public building riser is
> in residential building
Twice high than in residential building
Equal to tread
< in residential building
98
99. Tread dimension in staircase is
at least
300 mm
400 mm
450 mm
500 mm
99
100. Tread dimension in staircase is
at least
300 mm
400 mm
450 mm
500 mm
100
101. Tread wider than minimum
dimension is
Not allowed
Allowed with some fine paid
Allowed
Must be covered with carpet
101
102. Tread wider than minimum
dimension is
Not allowed
Allowed with some fine paid
Allowed
Must be covered with carpet
102
103. Angle of inclination for escalators
is
30 degrees
40 degrees
10 degrees
Depends on height between floors
103
104. Angle of inclination for escalators
is
30 degrees
40 degrees
10 degrees
Depends on height between floors
104
105. Escalators can bbe stopped in
case of emergency
By the control room operator
From main switch board
With a lever at the top
By pressing a button near the bottom
105
106. Escalators can bbe stopped in
case of emergency
By the control room operator
From main switch board
With a lever at the top
By pressing a button near the bottom
106
107. In escalators rise is not more
than
30 cm
20 cm
40 cm
25 cm
107
108. In escalators rise is not more
than
30 cm
20 cm
40 cm
25 cm
108
109. Coming Challenges
Design of Green buildings
Ecosystem preservation
Renewable energy
Self sufficient homes from garbage
disposal to water supply and all such
facilities
109
110. In case of problems
Contact me at anibanister@gmail.com
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