2. What is IBD?
Severe inflammation of the gastrointestinal wall.
Rare condition statistically - its implications on
people’s quality of life make it a relevant field for
investigations.
Unknown causes – linked to genetic, environmental
and immunological factors
- Stress response
- uncontrolled pathways of molecules related
to the immune system.
3. Types of IBD Healthy Colon
Healthy Small
Bowel
Crohn’s disease
Ulcerative Colon
Small Bowel
,
Images from: virtualmedicalcentre.com, bidmc.org, hopkins-gi.org
5. What is curcumin?
Diferuloylmethane
Image from: Anand P, Thomas S, Kunnumakkara A, Sundaram C, Harikumar K, Sung B, Tharakan S, Misra
K, Priyadarsini I, Rajasekharan K, Aggarwal B. 2008. Biological activities of curcumin and its analogues
(Congeners) made by man and Mother Nature. Biochemical Pharmacology Journal. 76(1):1590-1611.
6. Obtained from the roots
of the herb Curcuma
longa.
Traditionallyused in
foods as a component
of the spice turmeric
and as an herbal
remedy for several
illnesses.
Image from: aliexpress.com
7. Antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and
anti-carcinogenic activities.
(Anand et al., 2008)
Reasons for its capacities are not well known.
-Linked to its ability to bind to several proteins and
regulatory enzymes and to inhibit oxidation chain
reactions. (Srivastava et al., 2011)
Regulates the presence of several molecules.
- cellular processes → stress response.
- Transcription factors, enzymes and proteins
→ directly related to immunity and
inflammation.
8. Macroscopic effects of curcumin
on IBD
Decrease of
inflammation Increase in
on the Weight gain the rate of
intestinal survival
tissues
Related to microscopic processes of the cell
(Jian et al., 2005) (Salh et al., 2003)
9. Deregulated molecules on IBD
cytokines:
- inflammatory ones (as IL-1β) are
over expressed
- anti-inflammatory ones (as IL-10)
NF-κB are under expressed
chemokines
lymphocytes
Deregulated molecules
that cause inflammation
on IBD p38 MAPK chemokines
cyclooxygenases &
lipoxygenases
hypoclorous acid radical &
MPO
tyrosyl radical
(Jian et al., 2005) (Salh et al., 2003) (Srivastava et al., 2011)
10. Microscopic effects of curcumin
on IBD
- Regulates the NF-κB pathway, therefore,
reduces IL-1β expression & increases IL-10
expression.
- Inhibits the excessive proliferation of white
blood cells.
-Diminishes the activation of p38 MAPK,
therefore controlling the production of
lymphocytes, chemokines, cyclooxygenases
and lipoxygenases.
- Inhibits the oxidation of MPO by oxidizing
itself, therefore, preventing that the free
radicals run freely in the body and reducing
the oxidation chain reactions.
(Rajasekaran, 2011) (Srivastava et al., 2011) (Salh et al., 2003)
11. Curcumin’s usage and
limitations
(Anand et al., 2008)(Srivastava et al., 2011)(Rajasekaran, 2011)(Yadav et al., 2009)
12. Conclusions
Not
so many researches = many aspects not well
comprehended = more research is needed.
Notall of the research has concluded curcumin’s
effects in all the same molecules, but all of them
have related its outcomes on its regulatory
properties.
Goodmodulator of the appropriate quantities of
molecules needed for stress response → related to
IBD.
13. References
Anand P, Thomas S, Kunnumakkara A, Sundaram C, Harikumar K, Sung B, Tharakan S,
Misra K, Priyadarsini I, Rajasekharan K, Aggarwal B. 2008. Biological activities of
curcumin and its analogues (Congeners) made by man and Mother Nature. Biochemical
Pharmacology Journal. 76(1):1590-1611.
Jian Y, Mai G, Wang J, Zhang Y, Luo R, Fang Y. 2005. Preventive and therapeutic
effects of NF-kappaB inhibitor curcumin in rats colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic
acid. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 11(12):1747-1752.
Pithadia A, Jain S. 2011. Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Pharmacological Reports. 63(1):629-642.
Rajasekaran S. 2011. Therapeutic potential of curcumin in gastrointestinal diseases.
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology. 2(1): 1-14.
Salh B, Assi K, Templeman V, Parhar K, Owen D, Gómez A, Jacobson K. 2003.
Curcumin attenuates DNB-induced murine colitis. American Journal of Physiology
Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. 285:G235-G243.
Srivastava R, Singh S, Dubey S, Misra K, Khar A. 2011. Immunomodulatory and
therapeutic activity of curcumin. International Immunopharmacology Journal. 11(1):331-
341.
Yadav V, Suresh S, Devi K, Seema Y. 2009. Effect of Cyclodextrin Complexation of
Curcumin on its Solubility and Antiangiogenic and Anti-inflammatory Activity in Rat Colitis
Mention main types of IBD (Ulcerative Colitis & Crohn’s disease) and their areas.
Intestinal mucosal.Mention complications (symptoms and related diseases) and actual treatments (implications).
It can take many chemical structures, called curcuminoids, but its main constituents always are several hydroxyl (OH-), oxide (O-2), methyl (CH3-) and methoxide (CH3O-) groups which join together forming rings which make the compound a hydrophobic polyphenol. Polyphenol: compounds made of hydrogen, oxygen, and sometimes carbon. They are natural antioxidants (because they oxidize themselves) and are hydrophobic.Curcuminoids: diferent natural forms that can take the compound.
